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Stănescu, G.C. Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of the Media System. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/59513 (accessed on 14 February 2026).
Stănescu GC. Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of the Media System. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/59513. Accessed February 14, 2026.
Stănescu, Georgiana Camelia. "Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of the Media System" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/59513 (accessed February 14, 2026).
Stănescu, G.C. (2026, February 13). Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of the Media System. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/59513
Stănescu, Georgiana Camelia. "Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of the Media System." Encyclopedia. Web. 13 February, 2026.
Peer Reviewed
Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of the Media System
This is a peer-reviewed entry published in Encyclopedia Journal, full entry can be found at 10.3390/encyclopedia6020045

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used in all branches of the media system and has transformed the way specialists in this field work in recent years. Currently, applications of artificial intelligence are used across a range of processes involved in the production, editing, distribution, and consumption of media content. These include technologies such as generative chatbots, automated transcription, writing, translation, and editing tools, as well as applications for image and video creation. All of these types of applications have taken over a significant portion of the traditional activities carried out by media professionals. From a technological point of view, these uses primarily rely on machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision techniques, complemented by generative models that automatically analyze, generate, and interpret text, sound, and images. Although these technologies contribute to increased efficiency, faster work, and reduced operating costs, they also pose significant risks, particularly regarding the spread of false information. From a theoretical perspective, artificial intelligence goes beyond the status of a technological tool, being conceptualized as a communicational actor that actively intervenes in the generation, structuring, and circulation of messages, influencing the relationships between producers, content, and audiences in the current media environment.

artificial intelligence media algorithms deepfake chatbot misinformation
Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI (GenAI), which includes systems capable of generating textual, visual, audio, or multimodal content, is expanding rapidly [1][2][3] and playing an increasingly important role in transforming the contemporary media ecosystem [4]. Interest in artificial intelligence (AI) has grown significantly as its concrete applications expand across industry, society, and public policy [5]. AI-based applications are widely used in all branches of the media sphere and continue to evolve rapidly [6] from journalism, social platforms, and strategic communication, influencing content production processes, information distribution, message personalization, and decision-making.
The literature on the use of AI in the media has expanded rapidly in recent years, addressing applications such as automated journalism [7][8][9], content moderation [10][11], or audience analysis [12][13]. However, existing research is scattered across diverse disciplinary perspectives, including media studies, computer science, social sciences, and public policy. As a result, there is a limited number of works that provide an integrated, state-of-the-art synthesis of consolidated knowledge on the technological, ethical, and institutional implications of AI in the media.
Existing studies highlight benefits such as increased productivity, improved content accessibility, and the sustainability of data-driven journalism [14][15]. At the same time, research points to persistent risks, including the amplification of misinformation, diminished editorial control, and the erosion of public trust in media institutions [16][17].
In this context, media literacy and artificial intelligence literacy have become essential components for the responsible use of AI in the media. Both media professionals and the general public need to understand how algorithmic systems work, the limitations of automatically generated content, and the ethical implications of information automation [18][19]. At the same time, the literature emphasises the need to develop clear editorial policies and institutional governance frameworks that regulate the use of AI in accordance with the fundamental values of the media [20].
In an analytical sense, this entry correlates the main areas of application of artificial intelligence in the media with their technological, ethical, and institutional implications. The approach follows the media production chain, moderation, verification, and governance, and synthesizes the existing literature around common axes of analysis, providing a guidance tool for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers.

References

  1. Cools, H.; Diakopoulos, N. Uses of Generative AI in the Newsroom: Mapping Journalists’ Perceptions of Perils and Possibilities. J. Pract. 2024, 1–19.
  2. Van Dalen, A. Revisiting the Algorithms behind the Headlines. How Journalists Respond to Professional Competition of Generative AI. J. Pract. 2024, 1–18.
  3. Xu, J.; Qu, R.; Zhou, S.; Ren, J. Generative Artificial Intelligence and the Media Digital Divide: Comparison of Four Tiers of Chinese Media. J. Pract. 2025, 1–19.
  4. Leaver, T.; Srdarov, S. ChatGPT Isn’t Magic. M/C J. 2023, 26.
  5. Mühlhoff, R. Human-Aided Artificial Intelligence: Or, How to Run Large Computations in Human Brains? Toward a Media Sociology of Machine Learning. New Media Soc. 2019, 22, 1868–1884.
  6. Silvia, T. Artificial Intelligence in Journalism: Changing the News; McFarland: McFarland, CA, USA, 2025.
  7. Wang, R.; Ophir, Y. Behind the Black Box: The Moderating Role of the Machine Heuristic on the Effect of Transparency Information about Automated Journalism on Hostile Media Bias Perception. Journalism 2024, 27, 103–121.
  8. Caswell, D.; Dörr, K. Automated Journalism 2.0: Event-Driven Narratives. J. Pract. 2017, 12, 477–496.
  9. Thäsler-Kordonouri, S.; Barling, K. Automated Journalism in UK Local Newsrooms: Attitudes, Integration, Impact. J. Pract. 2023, 19, 58–75.
  10. Gillespie, T. Content Moderation, AI, and the Question of Scale. Big Data Soc. 2020, 7, 205395172094323.
  11. Huang, T. Content Moderation by LLM: From Accuracy to Legitimacy. Artif. Intell. Rev. 2025, 58, 320.
  12. Steensen, S.; Ferrer-Conill, R.; Peters, C. (Against a) Theory of Audience Engagement with News. J. Stud. 2020, 21, 1662–1680.
  13. Lim, J.S.; Shin, D.; Zhang, J.; Masiclat, S.; Luttrell, R.; Kinsey, D. News Audiences in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Perceptions and Behaviors of Optimizers, Mainstreamers, and Skeptics. J. Broadcast. Electron. Media 2022, 67, 353–375.
  14. Broussard, M.; Diakopoulos, N.; Guzman, A.L.; Abebe, R.; Dupagne, M.; Chuan, C.-H. Artificial Intelligence and Journalism. J. Mass Commun. Q. 2019, 96, 673–695.
  15. Hassan, A.; Albayari, A. The Usage of Artificial Intelligence in Journalism. In Studies in Computational Intelligence; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2022; pp. 175–197.
  16. Bontridder, N.; Poullet, Y. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Disinformation. Data Policy 2021, 3, e32.
  17. García-Faroldi, L.; Teruel, L.; Blanco, S. Unmasking AI’s Role in the Age of Disinformation: Friend or Foe? J. Media 2025, 6, 19.
  18. Tiernan, P.; Costello, E.; Donlon, E.; Parysz, M.; Scriney, M. Information and Media Literacy in the Age of AI: Options for the Future. Educ. Sci. 2023, 13, 906.
  19. Sánchez-García, P.; Diez-Gracia, A.; Mayorga, I.R.; Jerónimo, P. Media Self-Regulation in the Use of AI: Limitation of Multimodal Generative Content and Ethical Commitments to Transparency and Verification. J. Media 2025, 6, 29.
  20. Lamprou, S.; Dekoulou, P.; Kalliris, G. The Critical Impact and Socio-Ethical Implications of AI on Content Generation Practices in Media Organizations. Societies 2025, 15, 214.
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