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Xu, R. Polymicrogyria. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5393 (accessed on 21 September 2026).
Xu R. Polymicrogyria. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5393. Accessed September 21, 2026.
Xu, Rita. "Polymicrogyria" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5393 (accessed September 21, 2026).
Xu, R. (2020, December 24). Polymicrogyria. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5393
Xu, Rita. "Polymicrogyria." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 December, 2020.
Polymicrogyria
Edit

Polymicrogyria is a condition characterized by abnormal development of the brain before birth. The surface of the brain normally has many ridges or folds, called gyri. In people with polymicrogyria, the brain develops too many folds, and the folds are unusually small. The name of this condition literally means too many (poly-) small (micro-) folds (-gyria) in the surface of the brain.

genetic conditions

References

  1. Chang BS, Piao X, Giannini C, Cascino GD, Scheffer I, Woods CG, Topcu M,Tezcan K, Bodell A, Leventer RJ, Barkovich AJ, Grant PE, Walsh CA. Bilateralgeneralized polymicrogyria (BGP): a distinct syndrome of cortical malformation.Neurology. 2004 May 25;62(10):1722-8. Review.
  2. Dobyns WB, Mirzaa G, Christian SL, Petras K, Roseberry J, Clark GD, Curry CJ, McDonald-McGinn D, Medne L, Zackai E, Parsons J, Zand DJ, Hisama FM, Walsh CA,Leventer RJ, Martin CL, Gajecka M, Shaffer LG. Consistent chromosomeabnormalities identify novel polymicrogyria loci in 1p36.3, 2p16.1-p23.1,4q21.21-q22.1, 6q26-q27, and 21q2. Am J Med Genet A. 2008 Jul 1;146A(13):1637-54.doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32293.
  3. Guerreiro MM, Andermann E, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB, Kuzniecky R, Silver K, VanBogaert P, Gillain C, David P, Ambrosetto G, Rosati A, Bartolomei F, Parmeggiani A, Paetau R, Salonen O, Ignatius J, Borgatti R, Zucca C, Bastos AC, Palmini A,Fernandes W, Montenegro MA, Cendes F, Andermann F. Familial perisylvianpolymicrogyria: a new familial syndrome of cortical maldevelopment. Ann Neurol.2000 Jul;48(1):39-48.
  4. Guerrini R, Barkovich AJ, Sztriha L, Dobyns WB. Bilateral frontalpolymicrogyria: a newly recognized brain malformation syndrome. Neurology. 2000Feb 22;54(4):909-13.
  5. Jaglin XH, Poirier K, Saillour Y, Buhler E, Tian G, Bahi-Buisson N,Fallet-Bianco C, Phan-Dinh-Tuy F, Kong XP, Bomont P, Castelnau-Ptakhine L, Odent S, Loget P, Kossorotoff M, Snoeck I, Plessis G, Parent P, Beldjord C, Cardoso C, Represa A, Flint J, Keays DA, Cowan NJ, Chelly J. Mutations in the beta-tubulingene TUBB2B result in asymmetrical polymicrogyria. Nat Genet. 2009Jun;41(6):746-52. doi: 10.1038/ng.380.
  6. Jansen A, Andermann E. Genetics of the polymicrogyria syndromes. J Med Genet. 2005 May;42(5):369-78. Review.
  7. Ohtsuka Y, Tanaka A, Kobayashi K, Ohta H, Abiru K, Nakano K, Oka E.Childhood-onset epilepsy associated with polymicrogyria. Brain Dev. 2002Dec;24(8):758-65.
  8. Parrini E, Ferrari AR, Dorn T, Walsh CA, Guerrini R. Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and GPR56 gene mutations. Epilepsia.2009 Jun;50(6):1344-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01787.x.
  9. Piao X, Chang BS, Bodell A, Woods K, Benzeev B, Topcu M, Guerrini R,Goldberg-Stern H, Sztriha L, Dobyns WB, Barkovich AJ, Walsh CA.Genotype-phenotype analysis of human frontoparietal polymicrogyria syndromes. AnnNeurol. 2005 Nov;58(5):680-7.
  10. Robin NH, Taylor CJ, McDonald-McGinn DM, Zackai EH, Bingham P, Collins KJ,Earl D, Gill D, Granata T, Guerrini R, Katz N, Kimonis V, Lin JP, Lynch DR,Mohammed SN, Massey RF, McDonald M, Rogers RC, Splitt M, Stevens CA, Tischkowitz MD, Stoodley N, Leventer RJ, Pilz DT, Dobyns WB. Polymicrogyria and deletion22q11.2 syndrome: window to the etiology of a common cortical malformation. Am J Med Genet A. 2006 Nov 15;140(22):2416-25.
  11. Stutterd CA, Dobyns WB, Jansen A, Mirzaa G, Leventer RJ. PolymicrogyriaOverview. 2005 Apr 18 [updated 2018 Aug 16]. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJH, Stephens K, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet].Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2020. Available fromhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1329/
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