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Xu, R. Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5042 (accessed on 20 September 2026).
Xu R. Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5042. Accessed September 20, 2026.
Xu, Rita. "Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5042 (accessed September 20, 2026).
Xu, R. (2020, December 24). Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/5042
Xu, Rita. "Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 December, 2020.
Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration
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Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (formerly called Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome) is a disorder of the nervous system.

genetic conditions

References

  1. Gregory A, Hayflick SJ. Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Folia Neuropathol. 2005;43(4):286-96. Review.
  2. Gregory A, Hayflick SJ. Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration. 2002Aug 13 [updated 2017 Aug 3]. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, BeanLJH, Stephens K, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA):University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2020. Available fromhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1490/
  3. Hartig MB, Hörtnagel K, Garavaglia B, Zorzi G, Kmiec T, Klopstock T, RostasyK, Svetel M, Kostic VS, Schuelke M, Botz E, Weindl A, Novakovic I, Nardocci N,Prokisch H, Meitinger T. Genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of PANK2 mutations in patients with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Ann Neurol. 2006Feb;59(2):248-56.
  4. Hayflick SJ, Westaway SK, Levinson B, Zhou B, Johnson MA, Ching KH, Gitschier J. Genetic, clinical, and radiographic delineation of Hallervorden-Spatzsyndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jan 2;348(1):33-40.
  5. Hayflick SJ. Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (formerlyHallervorden-Spatz syndrome). J Neurol Sci. 2003 Mar 15;207(1-2):106-7. Review.
  6. Hayflick SJ. Unraveling the Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome: pantothenatekinase-associated neurodegeneration is the name. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2003Dec;15(6):572-7. Review.
  7. Houlden H, Lincoln S, Farrer M, Cleland PG, Hardy J, Orrell RW. Compoundheterozygous PANK2 mutations confirm HARP and Hallervorden-Spatz syndromes areallelic. Neurology. 2003 Nov 25;61(10):1423-6.
  8. Pellecchia MT, Valente EM, Cif L, Salvi S, Albanese A, Scarano V, BonuccelliU, Bentivoglio AR, D'Amico A, Marelli C, Di Giorgio A, Coubes P, Barone P,Dallapiccola B. The diverse phenotype and genotype of pantothenatekinase-associated neurodegeneration. Neurology. 2005 May 24;64(10):1810-2.
  9. Shevell M. Hallervorden and history. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jan 2;348(1):3-4.
  10. Zhou B, Westaway SK, Levinson B, Johnson MA, Gitschier J, Hayflick SJ. A novelpantothenate kinase gene (PANK2) is defective in Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome. NatGenet. 2001 Aug;28(4):345-9.
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Update Date: 24 Dec 2020
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