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Yang, C. Apert Syndrome. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4757 (accessed on 26 September 2026).
Yang C. Apert Syndrome. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4757. Accessed September 26, 2026.
Yang, Catherine. "Apert Syndrome" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4757 (accessed September 26, 2026).
Yang, C. (2020, December 24). Apert Syndrome. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/4757
Yang, Catherine. "Apert Syndrome." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 December, 2020.
Apert Syndrome
Edit

Apert syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by skeletal abnormalities. A key feature of Apert syndrome is the premature closure of the bones of the skull (craniosynostosis). This early fusion prevents the skull from growing normally and affects the shape of the head and face. In addition, a varied number of fingers and toes are fused together (syndactyly).

genetic conditions

References

  1. Anderson PJ, Hall CM, Evans RD, Hayward RD, Jones BM. The elbow in syndromiccraniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 1998 May;9(3):201-6.
  2. Anderson PJ, Hall CM, Evans RD, Hayward RD, Jones BM. The feet in Apert'ssyndrome. J Pediatr Orthop. 1999 Jul-Aug;19(4):504-7.
  3. Anderson PJ, Hall R, Smith PJ. Finger duplication in Apert's syndrome. J Hand Surg Br. 1996 Oct;21(5):649-51.
  4. Carinci F, Pezzetti F, Locci P, Becchetti E, Carls F, Avantaggiato A,Becchetti A, Carinci P, Baroni T, Bodo M. Apert and Crouzon syndromes: clinicalfindings, genes and extracellular matrix. J Craniofac Surg. 2005 May;16(3):361-8.Review.
  5. Chen L, Deng CX. Roles of FGF signaling in skeletal development and humangenetic diseases. Front Biosci. 2005 May 1;10:1961-76. Review.
  6. David DJ, Anderson P, Flapper W, Syme-Grant J, Santoreneos S, Moore M. ApertSyndrome: Outcomes From the Australian Craniofacial Unit's Birth to MaturityManagement Protocol. J Craniofac Surg. 2016 Jul;27(5):1125-34. doi:10.1097/SCS.0000000000002709.
  7. Ibrahimi OA, Chiu ES, McCarthy JG, Mohammadi M. Understanding the molecularbasis of Apert syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Jan;115(1):264-70. Review.
  8. Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak A, Gos M, Obersztyn E. Craniosynostosis as a clinicaland diagnostic problem: molecular pathology and genetic counseling. J Appl Genet.2018 May;59(2):133-147. doi: 10.1007/s13353-017-0423-4.Erratum in: J Appl Genet. 2018 Mar 16;:.
  9. Surman TL, Logan RM, Townsend GC, Anderson PJ. Oral features in Apertsyndrome: a histological investigation. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2010Feb;13(1):61-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2009.01478.x.
  10. Verma S, Draznin M. Apert syndrome. Dermatol Online J. 2005 Mar 1;11(1):15.
  11. Wenger T, Miller D, Evans K. FGFR Craniosynostosis Syndromes Overview. 1998Oct 20 [updated 2020 Apr 30]. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE,Bean LJH, Stephens K, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2020. Available fromhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1455/
  12. Wilkie AO, Patey SJ, Kan SH, van den Ouweland AM, Hamel BC. FGFs, theirreceptors, and human limb malformations: clinical and molecular correlations. Am J Med Genet. 2002 Oct 15;112(3):266-78. Review.
  13. Wilkie AO, Slaney SF, Oldridge M, Poole MD, Ashworth GJ, Hockley AD, HaywardRD, David DJ, Pulleyn LJ, Rutland P, et al. Apert syndrome results from localizedmutations of FGFR2 and is allelic with Crouzon syndrome. Nat Genet. 1995Feb;9(2):165-72.
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Update Date: 24 Dec 2020
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