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HandWiki. Devil in Christianity. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/38065 (accessed on 27 September 2026).
HandWiki. Devil in Christianity. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/38065. Accessed September 27, 2026.
HandWiki. "Devil in Christianity" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/38065 (accessed September 27, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, December 06). Devil in Christianity. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/38065
HandWiki. "Devil in Christianity." Encyclopedia. Web. 06 December, 2022.
Devil in Christianity
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The Devil in Christianity is the personification of evil and author of sin, who rebelled against God in an attempt to become equal to God himself.[lower-alpha 1] He is depicted as a fallen angel, who was expelled from Heaven at the beginning of time, before God created the material world, and is in constant opposition to God. The devil is identified with several figures in the Bible including the serpent in the Garden of Eden, Lucifer, Satan, the tempter of the Gospels, Leviathan, and the dragon in the Book of Revelation. Early scholars discussed the role of the devil. Scholars influenced by neoplatonic cosmology, like Origen and Pseudo-Dionysius, portrayed the devil as representing deficiency and emptiness, the entity most remote from the divine. According to Augustine of Hippo the realm of the devil is not nothingness, but an inferior realm standing in opposition to God. The standard Medieval depiction of the devil was set up by Gregory the Great. He integrated the devil, as the first creation of God, into the Christian angelic hierarchy as the highest of the angels (either a cherub or a seraph). But as high as he stood in heaven, so far he fell into the depths of hell and became the leader of demons. Since the early reformation period, the devil was imagined as an increasingly powerful entity, with not only a lack of goodness but also a conscious will against God, his word, and his creation. Simultaneously, some reformists interpreted the devil as a mere metaphor for human's inclination to sin and so downgraded the importance of the devil. While the devil played for most scholars no significant role in the Modern Era, he became more important in contemporary Christianity again. At various times in history, some people such as the Cathars and the Bogomiles, as well as theologians like Marcion and Valentinus, believed that the devil was involved in creating the world. Today these views are not part of mainstream Christianity.

reformation bogomiles cosmology

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  114. "The reformer thinks of the possession of the devil as a possibility and he feels how he fills the human body, similar to how he feels the divine spirit for himself and thus regards himself as an instrument of God." Original: "Die Besessenheit durch den Teufel denkt der Reformator als eine Möglichkeit, wie der Teufel den Körper des Menschen ausfüllt, ähnlich wie er sich selbst den göttlichen Geist fühl und sich so als ein Instrument Gottes betrachtet."[117]
  115. "The reformer interprets the book of Tobit as a drama in which Asmodeus is up to mischief as a house devil." Original: "Beispielsweise interpretiert der Reformer das Buch Tobit als ein Drama, in dem Asmodeus als Hausteufel sein Unwesen treibe."[117]
  116. "Thus Luther's use of individual specific devils is explained by the need to present his thoughts in a manner that is reasonable and understandable for the masses of his contemporaries." Original: "So erklärt sich auch die Verwendung einzelner Spezialteufel bei Luther aus der Notwendigkeit, seine Gedanken in einer der Massse seiner Zeitgenossen gemäßigen und verständlichen Art darzustellen."[118]
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