Sparrow

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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biology:Sparrow

Sparrows are a family of small passerine birds. They are also known as true sparrows, or Old World sparrows, names also used for a particular genus of the family, Passer. They are distinct from both the American sparrows, in the family Passerellidae, and from a few other birds sharing their name, such as the Java sparrow of the family Estrildidae. Many species nest on buildings and the house and Eurasian tree sparrows, in particular, inhabit cities in large numbers, so sparrows are among the most familiar of all wild birds. They are primarily seed-eaters, though they also consume small insects. Some species scavenge for food around cities and, like gulls or rock doves will happily eat virtually anything in small quantities.

passerellidae gulls rock doves

References

Bledsoe, A. H.; Payne, R. B. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph. ed. Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 222. ISBN 978-1-85391-186-6.
Clement, Peter; Harris, Alan; Davis, John (1993). Finches and Sparrows: an Identification Guide. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-03424-9.
Summers-Smith, J. Denis (2009). "Family Passeridae (Old World Sparrows)". in del Hoyo, Josep. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-84-96553-50-7.
Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel (1815) (in French). Analyse de la nature ou, Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. 1815. Palermo: Self-published. p. 68. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48310146.
Bock, Walter J. (1994). History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Number 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 157, 252. http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/830.
Fjeldså, J.; Irestedt, M.; Ericson, P. G. P.; Zuccon, D. (2010). "The Cinnamon Ibon Hypocryptadius cinnamomeus is a forest canopy sparrow". Ibis 152 (4): 747–760. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2010.01053.x. http://www.nrm.se/download/18.3ebfe5cf12a9d3ebacb80004366/Fjelds%C3%A5+et+al+2010+Cinnamon.pdf.
Christidis & Boles 2008, p. 177
American Ornithologists' Union. 1998. Check-list of North American Birds. 7th edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
R. Terry Chesser; Kevin J. Burns; Carla Cicero; Jon L. Dunn; Andrew W. Kratter; Irby J. Lovette; Pamela C. Rasmussen; J. V. Remsen, Jr. et al. (2017). "Fifty-eighth supplement to the American Ornithological Society's Check-list of North American Birds". Auk 134 (3): 751–773. doi:10.1642/AUK-17-72.1. http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1642/AUK-17-72.1.
Summers-Smith 1988, p. 13
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds (2018). "Old World sparrows, snowfinches, weavers". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/weavers/. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
Clement, Peter; Colston, P. R. (2003). "Sparrows and Snowfinches". in Perrins, Christopher. The Firefly Encyclopedia of Birds. Firefly Books. pp. 590–591. ISBN 978-1-55297-777-4.
Summers-Smith 1963, pp. 49, 215
Shipley, A. E. (1899). "Sparrow". in Cheyne, Thomas Kelley. Encyclopaedia Biblica. 4. https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabib04cheyuoft#page/n413/mode/2up/.
Matthew 10:29-31
Todd 2012, pp. 56–58
Houlihan & Goodman 1986, pp. 136–137
"Starling Talk: The Care and Feeding of Injured and Orphaned Starlings". http://www.starlingtalk.com.
Ferber, Michael (2007). "Sparrow". A Dictionary of Literary Symbols. Cambridge University Press. https://www.academia.edu/1052805. Retrieved 2017-11-01.

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