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HandWiki. (225088) 2007 OR10. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37836 (accessed on 30 September 2026).
HandWiki. (225088) 2007 OR10. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37836. Accessed September 30, 2026.
HandWiki. "(225088) 2007 OR10" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37836 (accessed September 30, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, December 02). (225088) 2007 OR10. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37836
HandWiki. "(225088) 2007 OR10." Encyclopedia. Web. 02 December, 2022.
(225088) 2007 OR10
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Astronomy:(225088)_2007_OR10

(225088) 2007 OR10, proposed to be named Gonggong, is a likely dwarf planet in the Solar System beyond Neptune, and is a member of the scattered disc. It has a highly eccentric and inclined orbit during which it ranges from 33–101 astronomical units (4.9–15.1 billion kilometers) from the Sun. (As of 2019), its distance from the Sun is 88 AU (1.32×1010 km; 8.2×109 mi), and it is the sixth-farthest known Solar System object. 2007 OR10 is in a 3:10 orbital resonance with Neptune, in which it completes three orbits around the Sun for every ten orbits completed by Neptune. 2007 OR10 was discovered in July 2007 by American astronomers Megan Schwamb, Michael Brown, and David Rabinowitz at the Palomar Observatory, and the discovery was announced in January 2009. At 1,230 km (760 mi) in diameter, 2007 OR10 is approximately the size of Pluto's moon Charon, and is the fifth-largest known trans-Neptunian object in the Solar System. It is sufficiently massive to be gravitationally rounded, thereby qualifying for dwarf planet status. Its large mass also makes retention of a tenuous atmosphere of methane just possible, though such an atmosphere would slowly escape into space. 2007 OR10 is currently the largest known body in the Solar System without an official name, but in 2019, the discoverers hosted an online poll for the general public to help choose a name for the object, and the name Gonggong won. The winning name is derived from Gonggong, a Chinese water god responsible for chaos, floods and the tilt of the Earth. 2007 OR10 is red in color, likely due to the presence of organic compounds called tholins on its surface. Water ice is also present on its surface, which hints at a brief period of cryovolcanic activity in the distant past. 2007 OR10 rotates slowly compared to other trans-Neptunian objects, which typically have rotation periods less than 12 hours, which may be due to its natural satellite, provisionally designated S/2010 (225088) 1.

tholins gravitationally dwarf planet

References

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  8. In the convention for minor planet provisional designation, the first letter represents the half-month of the year of discovery while the second letter and numbers indicate the order of discovery within that half-month. In the case for 2007 OR10, the first letter 'O' corresponds to the second half-month of July 2007 while the last letter 'R' indicates that it is the 17th object discovered on the 10th cycle of discoveries. Each cycle consists of 25 letters representing discoveries, hence 17 + (10 cycles × 25 letters) = 267.[20]
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  35. A larger magnitude value corresponds to a dimmer brightness and vice versa. The numerical value of 2007 OR10's absolute magnitude is 2.34,[10] hence it is dimmer than the IAU's minimum absolute magnitude of 1.
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  37. The resulting minimum diameter of 580 km is derived from the equation [math]\displaystyle{ E=\frac{\sqrt} 10^{-0.2H} }[/math], where [math]\displaystyle{ H }[/math] is the absolute magnitude of 2007 OR10, and [math]\displaystyle{ p }[/math] is the albedo of 2007 OR10, which in this case is assumed to be 1.[43]
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  53. Under good conditions, the unaided human eye can detect objects with a visual magnitude of around +7.4 or lower.[55]
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