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| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vivi Li | -- | 1897 | 2022-11-29 01:32:07 |
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In aquatic toxicology, the sediment quality triad (SQT) approach has been used as an assessment tool to evaluate the extent of sediment degradation resulting from contaminants released due to human activity present in aquatic environments (Chapman, 1990). This evaluation focuses on three main components: 1.) sediment chemistry, 2.) sediment toxicity tests using aquatic organisms, and 3.) the field effects on the benthic organisms (Chapman, 1990). Often used in risk assessment, the combination of three lines of evidence can lead to a comprehensive understanding of the possible effects to the aquatic community (Chapman, 1997). Although the SQT approach does not provide a cause-and-effect relationship linking concentrations of individual chemicals to adverse biological effects, it does provide an assessment of sediment quality commonly used to explain sediment characteristics quantitatively. The information provided by each portion of the SQT is unique and complementary, and the combination of these portions is necessary because no single characteristic provides comprehensive information regarding a specific site (Chapman, 1997)
References
- [Chapman PM. 1990. The sediment quality triad approach to determining pollution-induced degradation. The Science of the Total Environment 97/98: 815–825.]
- [Chapman PM et al. 1997. General guidelines for using the Sediment Quality Triad. Marine Pollution Bulletin 34(6): 368–372.]
- [Chapman PM, Dexter RN, Cross SF, Mitchell DG. 1986. A field trial of the Sediment Quality Triad in San Francisco Bay. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOS OMA 25, 127 pp.]
- [Chapman PM, 1989. Current approaches to developing sediment quality criteria. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 8: 589–599.]
- [Bay SM, Weisberg SB. 2012. Framework for interpreting sediment quality triad data. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 8(4): 589–596.]
- [US Environmental Protection Agency. 1994. ARCS Assessment Guidance Document. EPA 905-B94-002. Chicago, Ill.: Great Lakes National Program Office.]
- [Chapman PM, McDonald BG. 2005. Using the Sediment Quality Triad (Sqt) in ecological risk assessment. Small-scale Freshwater Toxicity Investigations 2: 308–329.]
- [Washington Department of Ecology. 2013. Sediment Management Standards. WAC 173–204. Olympia, WA: Toxics Cleanup Program.]
- [Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 1994. Approach to the Assessment of Sediment Quality in Florida Coastal Waters. Volume 1-Development and Evaluation of Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines. Tallahassee, FL: Office of Water Policy.]
- [Kamlet KS. 1989. Contaminated marine sediments: assessment and remediation. Washington (DC): National Academy Press]
