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HandWiki. ADM-3A. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36930 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. ADM-3A. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36930. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "ADM-3A" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36930 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 29). ADM-3A. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36930
HandWiki. "ADM-3A." Encyclopedia. Web. 29 November, 2022.
ADM-3A
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Engineering:ADM-3A

The ADM-3A was an influential early video display terminal, introduced in 1976. It was manufactured by Lear Siegler and had a 12-inch screen displaying 12 or 24 lines of 80 characters. It set a new industry low single unit price of $995. Its "dumb terminal" nickname came from some of the original trade publication advertisements. It quickly became commercially successful because of the rapid increase of computer communications speeds, and because of new minicomputer systems released to the market which required inexpensive operator consoles.

adm-3a minicomputer siegler

References

  1. About $9,000 today
  2. "Lear Siegler advertisement". Computerworld. May 21, 1984. https://books.google.com/books?id=KAUpSdv4AO4C&pg=PA113. 
  3. "Compact ADM-3 Parading". Computerworld 9 (20): p. 57. May 14, 1975. ISSN 0010-4841. https://books.google.com/books?id=CdkopCC9Q0QC&pg=PA57. 
  4. "Introducing The $995 Dumb Terminal". Computerworld 9 (31): p. S/3. July 30, 1975. ISSN 0010-4841. https://books.google.com/books?id=jT2fQqJplN8C&pg=PT3. 
  5. "ComData advertisement". Computerworld 10 (51): p. 15. December 20, 1976. ISSN 0010-4841. https://books.google.com/books?id=Zab9x-fFopsC&q=adm-3+33-ksr&pg=PA15. 
  6. "ADM-3 Maintenance Manual". http://manx-docs.org/mirror/vt100.net/lsi/adm3-mm.pdf. 
  7. "Lower Case Feature Available for ADM-3". Computerworld 10 (13): p. 27. March 29, 1976. ISSN 0010-4841. https://books.google.com/books?id=SKiv04PgC-kC&pg=PT18. 
  8. "ADM-3A Lower Case Option "Clone"". http://juliepalooza.8m.com/sl/adm3a-2.htm. 
  9. "User's Manual RG-512 Retro-Graphics Card for the ADM-3A Computer Terminal". Digital Engineering, Inc.. 1980. http://bitsavers.org/pdf/digitalEngineering/RG-512_Users_Man_1980.pdf. 
  10. "Lear Siegler Updates ADM-1, Gives ADM-3 Full Cursor Ability". Computerworld 10 (27): p. 17. July 5, 1976. ISSN 0010-4841. https://books.google.com/books?id=pGJK0ayV3S8C&pg=PT16. 
  11. "ADM-3A Maintenance Manual". http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/learSiegler/ADM_3/ADM3A_Maint.pdf. 
  12. "ADM-3A CRT Replacement". http://juliepalooza.8m.com/sl/adm3crt.htm. 
  13. "Old tech: ADM-3A serial terminal, FreeBSD, and some fun. – Quelab". https://quelab.net/6391/old-tech-adm-3a-serial-terminal/. 
  14. McKusick, Marshall Kirk (January 1999). "Twenty Years of Berkeley Unix: From AT&T-Owned to Freely Redistributable". in DiBona, Chris; Ockman, Sam (in en). Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution. Sebastopol (CA): O'Reilly and Associates, Inc. ISBN 1-56592-582-3. https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/open-sources/1565925823/ch04.html. Retrieved 23 September 2020. "Working from an editor named em that they had obtained from Professor George Coulouris at Queen Mary’s College in London, they worked to produce the line-at-a-time editor ex....With the arrival of some ADM-3a terminals offering screen-addressable cursors, Joy was finally able to write vi, bringing screen-based editing to Berkeley." 
  15. McKusick, Marshall Kirk (January 1985). "A Berkeley Odyssey". Unix Review. http://ftp.fibranet.cat/UnixArchive/Documentation/Unix_Review/Berkeley_Unix_History.pdf. 
  16. "Procedural Dungeons of Doom: The Making of Rogue – Chapter 1". 3 June 2016. https://episodiccontentmag.com/2016/06/03/rogue_chapter1/. 
  17. "Berkeley UNIX and the Birth of Open-Source Software". UC Regents. 11 November 2001. http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/history_unix.html. Retrieved 23 September 2020. "In 1969, UC Berkeley electrical engineering graduate Kenneth Thompson and his Bell Laboratories colleague Dennis Ritchie wanted to play a computer game called "Space Travel" on a dusty old mainframe computer. To do it, the two were forced to write a new operating system for the machines." 
  18. Craddock, David L. (3 June 2016). "The Making of Rogue – Chapter 1" (in en). https://episodiccontentmag.com/2016/06/03/rogue_chapter1/. Retrieved 23 September 2020. "By the time Toy and Wichman started at UC Santa Cruz, BSD UNIX had entered widespread usage across UC campuses and was branching out to other schools. Each new version of BSD, released on cassette tape, included handy programs written by Joy and other hackers. One program was curses, written by Ken Arnold. Arnold had written curses according to the UNIX creed: a simple tool fashioned for a specific purpose. Wielding curses like a paintbrush, users could place text such as letters, numbers, and symbols at any location on the screen." 
  19. ADM-3A Operators Manual http://www.classiccmp.org/dunfield/altair/d/adm3a.pdf
  20. "Tenth Anniversary ADM 3A Dumb Terminal Video Display Terminal User's Reference Manual". Lear Siegler, Inc.. April 1986. pp. 1–5. http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/learSiegler/ADM_3/DP2880486F_ADM3A_UM_Apr86.pdf. 
  21. Very early PC keyboards also had the Ctrl key located above the shift key, just like the ADM-3A's keyboard.
  22. "History of the War against Caps Lock". http://capsoff.org/history. 
  23. "Remap Caps Lock". http://wiki.c2.com/?RemapCapsLock. 
  24. "MovingTheCtrlKey". https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/MovingTheCtrlKey. 
  25. "Swapping Capslock and Control Keys". Archived from the original on 2011-02-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20110225082338/http://www.manicai.net/comp/swap-caps-ctrl.html. 
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