Plug-in Electric Vehicles in France

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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Engineering:Plug-in_electric_vehicles_in_France

The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the France is actively supported by the French government through a bonus-malus system through which provides subsidies towards the purchase of all-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids with low CO2 emissions. The government also provides non-monetary incentives; subsidies for the deployment of charging infrastructure; and long term regulations with specific targets. Additionally, France passed a law in December 2019 to phase out sales of cars that burn fossil fuels by 2040. (As of September 2021), there were 687,876 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in use in France, consisting of 453,143 all-electric passenger cars and commercial vans, and 234,733 plug-in hybrids. Of these, over 50,000 were fully electric light commercial vehicles. The split among type of powertrain is influenced by the rules of the government subsidies, which favors pure electric vehicles over plug-in hybrids. The plug-in passenger car segment attained a market share of 0.5% in 2013, rose to 1.2% in 2015, 2.2% in 2018, and climbed to 2.8% in 2019. Despite the global strong decline in car sales brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, plug-in electric car sales in France during the first six months of 2020 achieved a record sales volume of 65,267 units, and a market share of 9.1%. (As of December 2019), France listed as the world's second largest market after China for light-duty electric commercial vehicles, with a stock of 49,340 utility vans in circulation. The market share of all-electric utility vans attained 1.2% of new vans registered in 2014, rose to 1.8% in 2018, but declined to 1.7% in 2019. The Renault Zoe has led all-electric car sales in France since 2013, and is the country's all-time best selling plug-in electric car with more than 100,000 units registered through June 2020. The electric utility van segment has been led by the Renault Kangoo Z.E. with over 21,000 units sold through February 2019.

plug-in hybrids electric car sales pure electric vehicles

References

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Ministère de l'Environnement, de l'Energie et de la Mer (2016-05-04). "Bonus-Malus : définitions et barèmes pour 2016" (in French). http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/Bonus-Malus-definitions-et-baremes.html. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
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Agence France-Presse (AFP) (2013-09-19). "Comment la France subventionne des voitures en Norvège" (in French). Challenges (France). http://www.challenges.fr/economie/20130919.CHA4550/la-france-subventionne-des-voitures-electriques-qui-roulent-en-norvege.html. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
Maxime Amiot (2013-09-20). "Quand l'Etat français subventionne les voitures électriques en Norvège" (in French). Les Échos (France). http://www.lesechos.fr/entreprises-secteurs/auto-transport/actu/0203016269296-quand-l-etat-francais-subventionne-les-voitures-electriques-en-norvege-607341.php. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2021-10-06). "En septembre 2021, les véhicules électriques et hybrides rechargeables ont représenté près de 18 % du marché français" (in French). AVERE France. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=8035&from_espace_adherent=0. See infograh "Barometre mensuel de la mobilité électrique Chiffres clés du mois de septembre 2021 - Evolution du Parc Roulant Automobiles Depuis Janvier 2010" - As of September 2021, a total of 687,876 plug-in electric passenger cars and vans have been registered in France, consisting of 453,143 all-electric cars and vans, and 234,733 plug-in hybrids in circulation.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2020-07-08). "Baromètre mensuel : un mois de juin 2020 record pour les immatriculations de véhicules électriques et hybrides rechargeables" (in French). AVERE France. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=7877&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2020-07-19. See infograh "Parc Roulant et Immatriculations Annuelles depuis Janvier 2010" - As of June 2020, there were 344,725 plug-in electric cars and utility vans, consisting of 267,120 all-electric cars and vans, and 77,605 plug-in hybrids registered since 2010.
Automobile Propre (October 2016). "Chiffres de vente & immatriculations de voitures électriques en France" (in French). Automobile Propre. http://www.automobile-propre.com/dossiers/voitures-electriques/chiffres-vente-immatriculations-france/. Retrieved 2016-10-09. See "Ventes de voitures électriques en 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010" It shows all electric car registrations between 2010 and 2016.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2016-01-08). "Immatriculations des hybrides rechargeables : La barre des 5.000 est franchie !" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avem.fr/actualite-immatriculations-des-hybrides-rechargeables-la-barre-des-5-000-est-franchie-5924.html. Retrieved 2016-07-03. A total of 5,006 plug-in hybrids were registered in France in 2015, up from 1,527 in 2014.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-01-18). "Top Six Plug-in Vehicle Adopting Countries – 2015". HybridCars.com. http://www.hybridcars.com/top-six-plug-in-vehicle-adopting-countries-2015/. Retrieved 2016-02-12. About 520,000 highway legal light-duty plug-in electric vehicles were sold worldwide in 2014, with cumulative global sales reaching 1,235,000. The United States is the leading market with 411,120 units sold since 2008, followed by China with 258,328 units sold since 2011.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-10-10). "France Becomes Fifth Nation To Buy 100,000 Plug-in Vehicles". HybridCars.com. http://www.hybridcars.com/france-becomes-fifth-nation-to-buy-100000-plug-in-vehicles/. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
Foucaud, Isabelle (2016-10-01). "Plus de 100.000 véhicules électriques circulent aujourd'hui en France" (in French). Le Figaro. http://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/2016/10/01/20005-20161001ARTFIG00105-plus-de-100000-vehicules-electriques-circulent-aujourd-hui-en-france.php. Retrieved 2016-10-10. Environment Minister, Ségolène Royal, said there are more than 100,000 electric vehicles currently on the road in France.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2021-03-04). "Baromètre, février 2021 - Les immatriculations d'électriques et d'hybrides rechargeables se maintiennent" (in French). AVERE France. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=7972&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2021-03-04. See infograh "Parc Roulant et Immatriculations Annuelles depuis Janvier 2010" - As of February 2021, a total of 504,354 plug-in electric passenger cars and commercial vans were registered in France, consisting of 354,729 all-electric cars and vans, and 149,625 plug-in hybrids in circulation.
Yoann Nussbaumer (2013-01-16). "+115% pour les ventes de voitures électriques en France pour 2012" (in French). Automobile Propre. http://www.automobile-propre.com/215-pour-les-ventes-de-voitures-electriques-en-france-pour-2012/. Retrieved 2015-02-03.
Mark Kane (2014-01-15). "Sales of Battery Electric Cars In France Rose By 50% in 2013". InsideEVs.com. http://insideevs.com/sales-of-battery-electric-cars-in-france-rose-by-50-in-2013-year-on-year/. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2017-01-09). "Plus de 27 000 véhicules électriques immatriculés en 2016, après un mois de décembre record" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=6826&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2017-01-09. A total of 33,774 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles were registered in France in 2016 consisting of 27,751 all-electric cars, 5,556 electric utility vans and 6,467 plug-in hybrid cars. The plug-in car segment achieved a market share of 1.40% of new car registrations in the country in 2016.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2018-01-09). "Près de 31 000 véhicules électriques immatriculés en France en 2017 !" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=7188&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2018-01-17. A total of 41,724 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles were registered in France in 2017 consisting of 24,910 all-electric cars, 6,011 electric utility vans and 10,803 plug-in hybrid cars. The plug-in car segment achieved a market share of 1.98% of new car registrations in the country in 2017.
Jose, Pontes (2020-07-14). "France June 2020". EVSales.com. http://ev-sales.blogspot.com/2020/07/renault-zoe-shines-in-record-month-dog.html. Retrieved 2020-07-19.
Segal, Peter (2020-05-28). "France's new $13,000 EV incentive is the most generous in Europe". Automotive News Europe. https://europe.autonews.com/automakers/frances-new-13000-ev-incentive-most-generous-europe. Retrieved 2020-07-19.
Fergusson, Malcolm (October 2016). "Electric Vehicles in Europe - 2016: Approaching adolescence". Transport & Environment. https://www.transportenvironment.org/sites/te/files/publications/TE%20EV%20Report%202016%20FINAL.pdf. Retrieved 2016-10-13. See pp. 15-16.
Laurent Meillaud (2012-01-14). "2630 voitures électriques immatriculées en 2011" (in French). MSN France. http://www.autodeclics.com/voiture_bio/38315-le_marche_s_est_accelere_en_fin_d_annee.html. Retrieved 2015-02-03.
International Energy Agency, Clean Energy Ministerial, and Electric Vehicles Initiative (April 2013). "Global EV Outlook 2013 - Understanding the Electric Vehicle Landscape to 2020". International Energy Agency. http://www.iea.org/publications/globalevoutlook_2013.pdf. Retrieved 2013-04-20. See pp. 4, 6-8, and 11-12.
Michaël Torregrossa (2013-01-09). "Voitures électriques – Le bilan des immatriculations 2012 en France" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-voitures-electriques-le-bilan-des-immatriculations-2012-en-france-3770.html. Retrieved 2013-02-16.
Joseph Beretta (2013-01-09). "Les ventes de voitures électriques et hybrides décollent enfin" (in French). Économie matin. http://www.economiematin.fr/news-ventes-voitures-electriques-hybrides-2012. Retrieved 2015-02-04. A total of 2,869 Kangoo Z.E. electric vans were registered in France in 2012.
"2012, une année record pour les véhicules électriques" (in French). Atlante & Cie. 2013-02-07. http://www.atlante.fr/2012-une-annee-record-pour-les-vehicules-electriques-en-france/. Retrieved 2015-02-04.
Renault (2013-01-18). "Ventes Mensuelles" (in French). Renault.com. http://www.renault.com/fr/finance/chiffres-cles/pages/ventes-mensuelles.aspx. Retrieved 2013-01-18. Click on "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2012) (xls, 294 Ko)" to download the file, and open the tab TWIZY.
AVERE-France (2014-01-08). "Baromètre Avere-France des ventes de véhicules électriques et hybrides - bilan 2013" (in French). France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=5211&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2014-01-14.
Jeff Cobb (2014-01-16). "Top 6 Plug-In Vehicle Adopting Countries". HybridCars.com. http://www.hybridcars.com/top-6-plug-in-car-adopting-countries/. Retrieved 2014-01-18. "Over 172,000 highway-capable passenger vehicles have been sold in the U.S. between 2008 and December 2013."
Michaël Torregrossa (2013-01-15). "Voitures hybrides – Le bilan des immatriculations 2012 en France" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-voitures-hybrides-le-bilan-des-immatriculations-2012-en-france-3789.html. Retrieved 2013-01-15.
Michaël Torregrossa (2014-01-19). "Hybride rechargeable – Le marché français stagne en 2013" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-hybride-rechargeable-le-marche-francais-stagne-en-2013-4713.html. Retrieved 2014-01-19.
Michaël Torregrossa (2013-09-28). "Tesla– Premières livraisons françaises pour le Model S" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-tesla-premieres-livraisons-francaises-pour-le-model-s-4433.html. Retrieved 2013-10-12.
AVERE-France (2015-01-05). "Le marché du véhicule électrique maintient sa progression en 2014" (in French). AVERE France. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=5954. Retrieved 2015-02-02. A total of 10,560 electric cars were registered in 2014, up from 8,779 in 2013. A total of 4,485 all-electric utility vehicles were registered in 2014, down from 5,175 in 2013.
Philippe Schwoerer (2015-01-09). "Quel marché espérer en 2015 pour le véhicule électrique ?" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-quel-marche-esperer-en-2015-pour-le-vehicule-electrique-5498.html. Retrieved 2015-02-01. The BMW i3 with range extender is often excluded of the count of all-electric cars because in France it is classified and accounted together with conventional hybrids.
Automobile Propre (August 2016). "Chiffres de vente & immatriculations d'utilitaires électriques en France" (in French). Automobile Propre. http://www.automobile-propre.com/dossiers/utilitaires-electriques/ventes-utilitaires-electriques-france/. Retrieved 2016-10-02. See "Ventes d’utilitaires électriques en 2016/2015/2014 for all-electric utility van registrations. Light-duty electric vehicles reached a 1.22% market share of new van sales in the country in 2014, and rose to 1.30% in 2015.
Zachary Shahan (2014-08-07). "Europe Electric Car Sales Up 77% In 2014". EV Obsesion. http://evobsession.com/europe-electric-car-sales-77-2014/. Retrieved 2014-08-26.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2015-01-30). "Immatriculations de véhicules électriques en Europe : +60% en 2014 !" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=5985&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2015-02-02.
AVERE-France (2015-01-08). "Hybride : un marché en recul en 2014, l'hybride essence tient le coup" (in French). France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=5961&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2015-02-02. A total of 1,519 plug-in hybrids were registered in France in 2014.
Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (January 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Aantal geregistreerde elektrische voertuigen in Nederland - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (31-12-2014) - Top 6 geregistreerde modellen volledig elektrische voertuigen (31-12-2014)" (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). http://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/duurzaam-ondernemen/energie-en-milieu-innovaties/elektrisch-rijden/stand-van-zaken/cijfers. Retrieved 2015-01-27. See under the heading "31-12-2014" for total registrations figures at the end of December 2014.
Laurent, Alexandre (2019-02-26). "100,000: Electric Vehicles: Renault Races Ahead in France". Groupe Renault. https://easyelectriclife.groupe.renault.com/en/outlook/markets/electric-vehicles-renault-races-ahead-in-france/. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
Automobile Propre. "Chiffres de vente & immatriculations d'utilitaires électriques en France" (in French). Automobile Propre. http://www.automobile-propre.com/dossiers/utilitaires-electriques/ventes-utilitaires-electriques-france/. Retrieved 2016-07-04. See "Ventes d’utilitaires électriques en 2016/2015/2014/2013 for all-electric utility van registrations. Light-duty electric vehicles reached a 1.22% market share of new van sales in the country in 2014, and rose to 1.30% in 2015.
Philippe Schwoerer (2015-01-16). "Mitsubishi mise et gagne sur l'hybride rechargeable" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-mitsubishi-mise-et-gagne-sur-l-hybride-rechargeable-5508.html. Retrieved 2015-02-02.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2016-01-07). "Immatriculations des voitures électriques : + 62,1% en 2015" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avem.fr/actualite-immatriculations-des-voitures-electriques-62-1-en-2015-5923.html. Retrieved 2016-05-14. A total of 17,779 all-electric cars were registered in France in 2015. This figure accounts of 822 BMW i3s, including the model with a range extender.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2016-01-12). "Immatriculations des utilitaires électriques : + 9,6% en 2015" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avem.fr/actualite-immatriculations-des-utilitaires-electriques-9-6-en-2015-5927.html. Retrieved 2016-05-14. A total of 4,916 all-electric utility vans were registered in France in 2015.
Cobb, Jeff (2017-01-17). "Top 10 Plug-in Vehicle Adopting Countries of 2016". HybridCars.com. http://www.hybridcars.com/top-10-plug-in-vehicle-adopting-countries-of-2016/. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2017-01-30). "La France s'impose comme le leader des ventes de véhicules 100% électriques en Europe en 2016" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=6847&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
Association Nationale pour le Développement de la Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2016-10-07). "Le marché du véhicule électrique dépasse les 20 000 immatriculations pour l'année 2016 !" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=6720&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2016-10-09. During the first nine months of 2016 a total of 16,091 all-electric cars, 3,991 electric vans, and 4,858 plug-in hybrids were registered in France. During September 2016 a total of 80 range-extended vehicles (BMW i3 REx) were registered.
Justin Aschard (2012-11-30). "Inmatriculations VP et VUL France à fin Oct. 2012 (2010-2012)" (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Archived from the original on October 20, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131020041435/http://www.france-mobilite-electrique.org/IMG/pdf/12_FRANCE.pdf. Retrieved 2012-12-13. 14 Kangoo ZEs were registered in 2010 and 768 in 2011.
Association Nationale pour le Développement de la Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2016-09-05). "Le marché du véhicule électrique rebondit en août 2016" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=6679&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2016-10-02.
Michaël Torregrossa (2013-10-19). "Paris – Autolib' passe le seuil des 3 millions de locations" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-paris-autolib-passe-le-seuil-des-3-millions-de-locations-4493.html. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
Kane, Mark (2020-07-03). "Renault EV Sales In France Is Booming: 17,650 ZOE Sold In H1 2020". InsideEVs.com. https://insideevs.com/news/432216/renault-ev-sales-france-zoe-h1-2020/. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2020-03-06). "Baromètre mensuel : la France passe le cap des 300 000 véhicules électrifiés en circulation !" (in French). AVERE. http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=7798&from_espace_adherent=0. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
Automobile Propre (2020-07-12). "Chiffres de vente & immatriculations de voitures électriques en France" (in French). Automobile Propre. https://www.automobile-propre.com/dossiers/chiffres-vente-immatriculations-france/. Retrieved 2020-07-21. See "Ventes de voitures électriques en 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010" It shows all electric car registrations between 2010 and June 2020.
Michaël Torregrossa (2014-01-15). "Tesla Model S - Plus de 22.000 ventes dans le monde en 2013" (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). http://www.avem.fr/actualite-tesla-model-s-plus-de-22-000-ventes-dans-le-monde-en-2013-4703.html. Retrieved 2014-01-18. A total of 35 Model S cars were registered in France in 2013.
Justin Aschard (2012-11-07). "Novembre 2012 - Ventes de véhicules électriques (CCFA)" (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131014064601/http://www.france-mobilite-electrique.org/novembre-2012,4064.html?lang=fr. Retrieved 2013-02-16. See table Bilan annuel des ventes de véhicules électriques (Annual sales of electric vehicles) for detailed sales by category during 2010 and 2011: a total of 184 electric cars and 796 electric utility vans were registered in 2010, and 2,630 electric cars and 1,682 all-electric utility vehicles were registered in 2011.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2013-01-07). "Bilan des Immatriculations pour l'Année 2012" (in French). AVERE. Archived from the original on October 20, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131020041437/http://www.france-mobilite-electrique.org/bilan-des-immatriculations-pour-l-annee-2012,4147.html?lang=fr. Retrieved 2013-02-16. A total of 5,663 electric cars and 3,651 electric vans were registered in France in 2012.

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