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Nestorianism is a Christian theological doctrine that upholds several distinctive teachings in the fields of Christology and Mariology. It opposes the concept of hypostatic union and emphasizes a radical distinction between two natures (human and divine) of Jesus Christ. That Christological position is defined as radical dyophisitism. Nestorianism was named after Christian theologian Nestorius (386–450), Patriarch of Constantinople from 428 to 431, who was influenced by Christological teachings of Theodore of Mopsuestia at the School of Antioch. Nestorius' teachings brought him into conflict with other prominent church leaders, most notably Cyril of Alexandria, who criticized especially his rejection of the title Theotokos ("Mother of God") for Mary, the mother of Jesus. Nestorius and his teachings were eventually condemned as heretical at the Council of Ephesus in 431, and again at the Council of Chalcedon in 451, which led to the Nestorian Schism; churches supporting Nestorian teachings broke with the rest of the Christian Church. Following that, many of Nestorius's supporters relocated to the Sasanian Empire, where they affiliated with the local Christian community, known as the Church of the East. Over the next decades the Church of the East became increasingly Nestorian in doctrine, leading to it becoming known alternatively as the Nestorian Church.
References
- Hogan, Dissent from the Creed. pages 123–125.
- Burgess 1989, p. 90, 229, 231.
- Martin Lembke, lecture in the course "Meetings with the World's Religions", Centre for Theology and Religious Studies, Lund University, Spring Term 2010.
- The Bazaar of Heracleides
- Bosch, David (1991). Transforming Mission: Paradigm Shifts in Theology of Mission. Orbis Books. p. 204. ISBN 978-1-60833-146-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=qEpf6wqHcGwC.
- Eirini Artemi, Cyril of Alexandria's critique of the term THEOTOKOS by Nestorius Constantinople, Acta theol. vol.32 no.2 Bloemfontein Dec. 2012
- Jerry Bentley, Old World Encounters: Cross-Cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-Modern Times (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), 105.
- The Catholic Encyclopedia. "Nestorius and Nestorianism". http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10755a.htm.
- "Nestorius". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved January 29, 2010. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/409867/Nestorius
- Eirini Artemi, Cyril of Alexandria's critique of the term THEOTOKOS by Nestorius Constantinople, Acta theol. vol.32 no.2 Bloemfontein Dec. 2012,
- "Cyril of Alexandria, Third Epistle to Nestorius, with 'Twelve Anathemas' - Monachos.net". Archived from the original on July 4, 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20080704053517/http://www.monachos.net/patristics/christology/cyril_to_nestorius_3.shtml.
- "Nestorian". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved January 28, 2010. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/409819/Nestorians
- Campbell, Ted (1996). Christian Confessions: A Historical Introduction. Westminster: John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0-664-25650-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=p2mUxxxGt_sC&pg=PA62. , page 62.
