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HandWiki. Ghazal. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36218 (accessed on 14 September 2026).
HandWiki. Ghazal. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36218. Accessed September 14, 2026.
HandWiki. "Ghazal" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36218 (accessed September 14, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 24). Ghazal. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36218
HandWiki. "Ghazal." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 November, 2022.
Ghazal
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Engineering:Ghazal

The ghazal (Bengali: গজল, Sylheti: ꠊꠏꠟ, Punjabi: ਗ਼ਜ਼ਲ, Urdu: غزَل , Hindi: ग़ज़ल, Persian: غزل‎, Azerbaijani: qəzəl, Turkish: gazel, Uzbek: gʻazal, Pashto: غزل‎, Template:Lang-gu,) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The ghazal form is ancient, tracing its origins to 7th-century Arabic poetry. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate, and is now most prominently a form of poetry of many languages of the Indian subcontinent and Turkey. A ghazal commonly consists of between five and fifteen couplets, which are independent, but are linked – abstractly, in their theme; and more strictly in their poetic form. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In style and content, due to its highly allusive nature, the ghazal has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation.

غزل‎ غزل‎ ghazal

References

  1. http://quranicnames.com/ghazal/
  2. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B2%D9%84
  3. http://quranicnames.com/ghazaal/
  4. Kanda, K.C. (1992). Masterpieces of Urdu Ghazal from the 17th to the 20th Century. Sterling Publishing. pp. 2. ISBN 978-81-207-1195-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=fUKKvNDYyUEC&pg=PA2. 
  5. Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation
  6. Oxford English Dictionary
  7. "Ghazal – Islamic literature". https://www.britannica.com/topic/ghazal. Retrieved 9 September 2018. 
  8. Jalajel, David. "A Short History of the Ghazal". http://www.ghazalpage.net/prose/notes/short_history_of_the_ghazal.html. 
  9. Dayf, Shawqî. Târîkh al-Adab al-Islâmî: 2 – al-`Asr al-Islâmî (A History of Arab Literature: 2- The Islamic Era). Cairo: Dâr al-Ma`ârif. 1963. (pp. 347–348)
  10. "Persian - Banglapedia". En.banglapedia.org. 2015-02-15. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170911055911/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Persian. Retrieved 2017-09-22. 
  11. "Persian – Banglapedia". Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170102112117/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Persian. 
  12. Arnold, Alison (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Taylor & Francis. p. 851. ISBN 0-8240-4946-2. 
  13. Som, Shovan (2002). Atul Prasad Sen'er Shreshtha Kabita. Bharbi. p. 142. 
  14. Hussain, Azfar. "Rereading Kazi Nazrul Islam" (Video lecture). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bf9nvzmIVvY. Retrieved 15 July 2016. 
  15. Ali, Sarwat (21 September 2014). "A taste of Bengal". The News on Sunday. http://tns.thenews.com.pk/firoza-begum-a-taste-of-bengal/. "Firoza Begum too sang these Bengali ghazals of Nazrul Islam" 
  16. Islam, Mohammad Shafiqul (25 May 2007). "Nazrul: An ardent lover of humanity". The Daily Star. http://archive.thedailystar.net/2007/05/25/d70525140299.htm. "He is best known for his songs, in which he pioneered new forms such as Bengali ghazals" 
  17. Chaudhuri, Dilip (22 September 2006). "Nazrul Islam: The unparalleled lyricist and composer of Bengal". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. http://pib.nic.in/feature/fe0899/f1608991.html. Retrieved 22 September 2006. 
  18. Hattangadi, Vidya."Listen to some of the Timeless Ghazals","drvidyahattangadi",August 16, 2018 https://drvidyahattangadi.com/listen-timeless-ghazals/.html
  19. "Gazhal Singers","www.shehnaiwaden.com" https://www.shehnaiwaden.com/wedding-singers-delhi/gazhal-singers.html
  20. Shayari Network. https://www.shayaribox.com/. 
  21. "Hamza Sinwari Bhatta – We All Nepali". http://www.weallnepali.com/sahitya-sumana/motiram-bhatta. 
  22. https://www.rekhta.org/poets/madan-pal
  23. "wordsters.net". Archived from the original on 12 January 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150112215734/http://wordsters.net/poetics/poetics01/01weaverprint.html. Retrieved 18 January 2015. 
  24. ISBN:0671208527
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