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HandWiki. Photocathode. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36166 (accessed on 03 October 2026).
HandWiki. Photocathode. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36166. Accessed October 03, 2026.
HandWiki. "Photocathode" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36166 (accessed October 03, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 24). Photocathode. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/36166
HandWiki. "Photocathode." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 November, 2022.
Photocathode
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A photocathode is a surface engineered to convert light (photons) into electrons using the photoelectric effect. Photocathodes are important in accelerator physics where they are utilised in a photoinjector to generate high brightness electron beams. Electron beams generated with photocathodes are commonly used for free electron lasers and for ultrafast electron diffraction. Photocathodes are also commonly used as the negatively charged electrode in a light detection device such as a photomultiplier or phototube.

photomultiplier free electron lasers photoelectric

References

  1. Rao, T., & Dowell, D. H. (2013). An engineering guide to photoinjectors. CreateSpace Independent Publishing.
  2. Bradley, D. J., Allenson, M. B., & Holeman, B. R. (1977). The transverse energy of electrons emitted from GaAs photocathodes. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 10(1), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/10/1/013
  3. Bazarov, I. V., Dunham, B. M., Li, Y., Liu, X., Ouzounov, D. G., Sinclair, C. K., Hannon, F., & Miyajima, T. (2008). Thermal emittance and response time measurements of negative electron affinity photocathodes. Journal of Applied Physics, 103(5), 054901. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2838209
  4. Yamamoto, N., Yamamoto, M., Kuwahara, M., Sakai, R., Morino, T., Tamagaki, K., Mano, A., Utsu, A., Okumi, S., Nakanishi, T., Kuriki, M., Bo, C., Ujihara, T., & Takeda, Y. (2007). Thermal emittance measurements for electron beams produced from bulk and superlattice negative electron affinity photocathodes. Journal of Applied Physics, 102(2), 024904. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2756376
  5. Musumeci et al. (2018). “Advances in Bright Electron Sources.” https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.03.019
  6. Siddharth Karkare, S., Adhikari, G., Schroeder, W. A., Nangoi, J. K., Arias, T., Maxson, J., and Padmore, H. (2020). “Ultracold Electrons via Near-Threshold Photoemission from Single-Crystal Cu(100)." Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 054801.
  7. Parzyck et al. (2022). “Single-Crystal Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 114801.
  8. Martinelli, R. U. (1973). Effects of Cathode Bumpiness on the Spatial Resolution of Proximity Focused Image Tubes. Applied Optics, 12(8), 1841. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.12.001841
  9. Siggins, T; Sinclair, C; Bohn, C; Bullard, D; Douglas, D; Grippo, A; Gubeli, J; Krafft, G. A et al. (2001-12-21). "Performance of a DC GaAs photocathode gun for the Jefferson lab FEL" (in en). Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. FEL2000: Proc. 22nd Int. Free Electron Laser Conference and 7th F EL Users Workshop 475 (1): 549–553. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01596-0. ISSN 0168-9002. Bibcode: 2001NIMPA.475..549S. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900201015960. 
  10. Mamun, M. A.; Hernandez-Garcia, C.; Poelker, M.; Elmustafa, A. A. (2015-06-01). "Correlation of CsK2Sb photocathode lifetime with antimony thickness". APL Materials 3 (6): 066103. doi:10.1063/1.4922319. Bibcode: 2015APLM....3f6103M.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1063%2F1.4922319
  11. Fielding, Raymond (1983). A Technological History of Motion Pictures and Television. pp. 360. ISBN 9780520050648. https://archive.org/details/technologicalhis0000fiel/page/360. 
  12. Pierce, D. T.; Celotta, R. J.; Wang, G.‐C.; Unertl, W. N.; Galejs, A.; Kuyatt, C. E.; Mielczarek, S. R. (April 1980). "The GaAs spin polarized electron source" (in en). Review of Scientific Instruments 51 (4): 478–499. doi:10.1063/1.1136250. ISSN 0034-6748. Bibcode: 1980RScI...51..478P.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1063%2F1.1136250
  13. (in en-US) The optimization of (Cs,O) activation of NEA photocathode - IEEE Conference Publication. doi:10.1109/IVESC.2004.1414231.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1109%2FIVESC.2004.1414231
  14. Grames, J.; Suleiman, R.; Adderley, P. A.; Clark, J.; Hansknecht, J.; Machie, D.; Poelker, M.; Stutzman, M. L. (2011-04-20). "Charge and fluence lifetime measurements of a dc high voltage GaAs photogun at high average current". Physical Review Special Topics: Accelerators and Beams 14 (4): 043501. doi:10.1103/physrevstab.14.043501. ISSN 1098-4402. Bibcode: 2011PhRvS..14d3501G.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2Fphysrevstab.14.043501
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