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HandWiki. Gracchi. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35812 (accessed on 03 October 2026).
HandWiki. Gracchi. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35812. Accessed October 03, 2026.
HandWiki. "Gracchi" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35812 (accessed October 03, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 22). Gracchi. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35812
HandWiki. "Gracchi." Encyclopedia. Web. 22 November, 2022.
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The Gracchi brothers, Tiberius and Gaius, were Romans who both served as tribunes of the plebs between 133 and 121 BC. They attempted to redistribute the occupation of the ager publicus— the public land hitherto controlled principally by aristocrats—to the urban poor and veterans, in addition to other social and constitutional reforms. After achieving some early success, both were assassinated by the Optimates, the conservative faction in the senate that opposed these reforms.
plebs
urban poor
tiberius
References
- Stobart, J.C. (1978). "III". in Maguinness, W.S; Scullard, H.H.. The Grandeur That was Rome (4th ed.). Book Club Associates. pp. 75–82.
- Tom Holland (2004). Rubicon: The Last Years of the Roman Republic. Abacus. pp. 28–30. ISBN 9780349115634.
- Latin: "for this purpose; literally "towards this" – the force being assembled for the specific purpose of deposing Tiberius as a tribune.
- Nigel Rodgers, Hazel Dodge (2005). Rome: The Greatest Empire. Southwater. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-84476-150-0.
- Spengler, Oswald (1922). The Decline of the West(An abridged edition). Vintage Books, 2006. p. 384. ISBN 978-1-4000-9700-5.
- Simone Weil (2002). The Need for Roots. Routledge. p. 228. ISBN 978-0-415-27102-8.
- Weil gives first ranking to Gaius Plotius Plancus and his slaves. During the proscriptions of the Second Triumvirate, the slaves endured torture so as to protect their master, the master seeing this came out of hiding to spare his slaves further pain and was executed.
- Crawford, Michael (1992). The Roman Republic (2nd ed.). London: Fontana. pp. 110–111, 121–123. ISBN 9780006862505.
- Bauer, Susan (2007). The History of the Ancient World. https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00baue.
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