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HandWiki. Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35158 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35158. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35158 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 18). Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35158
HandWiki. "Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935." Encyclopedia. Web. 18 November, 2022.
Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Physics:Public_Utility_Holding_Company_Act_of_1935

The Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA), also known as the Wheeler-Rayburn Act, was a US federal law giving the Securities and Exchange Commission authority to regulate, license, and break up electric utility holding companies. It limited holding company operations to a single state, thus subjecting them to effective state regulation. It also broke up any holding companies with more than two tiers, forcing divestitures so that each became a single integrated system serving a limited geographic area. Another purpose of the PUHCA was to keep utility holding companies engaged in regulated businesses from also engaging in unregulated businesses. The act was based on the conclusions and recommendations of the 1928-35 Federal Trade Commission investigation of the electric industry. On March 12, 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt released a report he commissioned by the National Power Policy Committee. This report became the template for the PUHCA. The political battle over its passage was one of the bitterest of the New Deal, and was followed by eleven years of legal appeals by holding companies led by the Electric Bond and Share Company, which finally completed its breakup in 1961. On August 26, 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the bill into law. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 repealed the PUHCA.

electric utility regulation puhca

References

  1. "Samuel Insull Trial: 1934". https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/social-sciences-and-law/business-leaders/samuel-insull. Retrieved 18 August 2019. 
  2. Hyman, Leonard S. (1988), America's Electric Utilities: Past, Present and Future, Public Utility Reports, p. 74.
  3. Volume 71-A 11-15 1934: Propaganda Part I: Efforts by Associations and Agencies of Electric and Gas Utilities to Influence Public Opinion. U.S. Government Printing Office. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2937784&view=image&seq=711. Retrieved 21 August 2019. 
  4. "Limiting Giant Power Firms to be Proposed to Roosevelt". Washington D.C. Evening Star. 20 November 1934. pp. A-6. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1934-11-20/ed-1/seq-6/. Retrieved 21 August 2019. 
  5. Funigiello, Phillip (1973). Toward a National Power Policy. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 38. ISBN 0-8229-3263-6. https://archive.org/details/towardnationalpo0000funi/page/38. 
  6. Volume 73-A 1-28 1935: Conclusions and Recommendations for governing holding Companies. U.S. Government Printing Office. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2937786&view=1up&seq=307. Retrieved 21 August 2019. 
  7. "Associated Gas And Electric Company Records,1902-1954.". https://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMM04261.html. Retrieved 21 August 2019. 
  8. "Associated Gas & Electric System Ad: An Appeal to Reason". Washington D.C. Evening News. 25 January 1935. pp. A-14. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1935-01-25/ed-1/seq-14/. Retrieved 21 August 2019. 
  9. "Utilities Industry Declared Success - Senator Norris Asserts Press Gave To Little Publicity to Probe". Associated Press. Washington D.C. Evening Star. 5 May 1928. 
  10. Levin, Jack (1931). Power ethics: an analysis of the activities of the public utilities in the United States. New York: A. A. Knopf.. p. 100. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030434354&view=image&seq=120. Retrieved 7 August 2019. 
  11. Volume 71A United States. Federal Trade Commission. Utility Corporations: Letters From the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission Transmitting, In Response to Senate Resolution No. 83, 70th Congress, a Monthly Report On the Electric Power And Gas Utilities Inquiry.. U.S. Printing Office. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2937784&view=image&seq=607. Retrieved 13 August 2019. 
  12. The Wheeler-Rayburn Bill. Congressional Digest XIV. May 1935. p. 139. 
  13. Associated Press (12 June 1935). "BORAH UTILITIES BILL CHANGE HIT". Washington D.C. Evening Star. 
  14. Associated Press (19 August 1935). "PUBLIC MUST PAY COST OF UTILITIES LOBBY ACTIVITIES PROBERS ARE TOLD: Firm Manager Says He Ordered Destruction of Evidence". Washington D.C. Evening Star. 
  15. Lawrence, David (24 August 1935). "COURT ROWS SEEN OVER UTILITY BILL". Washington D.C. Evening Star. 
  16. Associated Press (24 September 1935). "Utilities Hearing Meets Quick End". Washington D. C. Evening Star. 
  17. Associated Press (2 October 1935). "ELECTRIC COMBINE CALLED UNLAWFUL". Washington D.C. Evening Star. 
  18. Associated Press (3 October 1935). "HOLDING COMPANY ACT CHALLENGED". Washington D.C. Evening Star. 
  19. "Second Annual Report of the Securities and Exchange Commission". Securities and Exchange Commission Annual Report 2: 43–53. 30 June 1936. 
  20. "Fifth Annual Report of the Securities and Exchange Commission". Securities and Exchange Commission Annual Report: 63–68. 30 June 1939. 
  21. Rudolph, Richard; Ridley, Scott (1986). Power Struggle: The Hundred-Year War of Electricity. Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-015584-1. https://archive.org/details/powerstrugglehun00rudo. 
  22. The SEC registration requirement was upheld by the Supreme Court in Electric Bond & Share Co. v. Securities and Exchange Commission, 303 U.S. 419 (1938). The divestiture provision was upheld in North American Co. v. Securities and Exchange Commission, 327 U.S. 686 (1946). http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=CASE&court=US&vol=303&page=419
  23. Curlee, Heather (2006). "Examining EPAct 2005: A Prospective Look at the Changing Regulatory Approach of the FERC". Washington and Lee Law Review (Washington and Lee University School of Law) 63 (4): 1662–63. http://law.wlu.edu/deptimages/Law%20Review/63-4Curlee.pdf. Retrieved July 17, 2012. 
  24. Deutsch, Claudia H. (13 Jun 1991). "The Boss Who Plays Now Pays". https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/13/business/the-boss-who-plays-now-pays.html. Retrieved 12 Apr 2014. 
  25. Codified at 42 U.S.C. § 16451 et seq. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/16451
  26. "Recommendations of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission on Technical and Conforming Amendments to Federal Law Necessary to Carry Out the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 2005 and Related Amendments". http://elibrary.ferc.gov/idmws/common/opennat.asp?fileID=10900380. Retrieved 2008-09-30. 
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