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HandWiki. Right to Exist. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34855 (accessed on 11 September 2026).
HandWiki. Right to Exist. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34855. Accessed September 11, 2026.
HandWiki. "Right to Exist" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34855 (accessed September 11, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 16). Right to Exist. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34855
HandWiki. "Right to Exist." Encyclopedia. Web. 16 November, 2022.
Right to Exist
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The right to exist is said to be an attribute of nations. According to an essay by the nineteenth-century French philosopher Ernest Renan, a state has the right to exist when individuals are willing to sacrifice their own interests for the community it represents. Unlike self-determination, the right to exist is an attribute of states rather than of peoples. It is not a right recognized in international law. The phrase has featured prominently in the Arab–Israeli conflict since the 1950s. The right to exist of a de facto state may be balanced against another state's right to territorial integrity. Proponents of the right to exist trace it back to the "right of existence", said to be a fundamental right of states recognized by writers on international law for hundreds of years.

international law self-determination fundamental right

References

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  2. Scott, Walter, "The Greek Revolution", Edinburgh Annual Register of 1823, p. 249. https://books.google.com/books?id=nA9uAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA249&dq=
  3. Renan, Ernest, "What is a Nation? ", 1882. http://ig.cs.tu-berlin.de/oldstatic/w2001/eu1/dokumente/Basistexte/Renan1882EN-Nation.pdf
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  8. Prof. Joseph Massad (6 May 2011). "The rights of Israel". http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/05/20115684218533873.html. ""In international law, countries are recognised as existing de facto and de jure, but there is no notion that any country has a 'right to exist', let alone that other countries should recognise such a right. Nonetheless, the modification by Israel of its claim that others had to recognise its 'right to exist' to their having to recognise 'its right to exist as Jewish state' is pushed most forcefully at present, as it goes to the heart of the matter of what the Zionist project has been all about since its inception, and addresses itself to the extant discrepancy between Israel's own understanding of its rights to realise these Zionist aims and the international community's differing understanding of them. This is a crucial matter, as all these rights that Israel claims to possess, but which are not recognised internationally, translate into its rights to colonise Palestinian land, to occupy it, and to discriminate against the non-Jewish Palestinian people."" 
  9. Ilan Pappé, The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947-1951, I.B.Tauris, 1994, p. 149. https://books.google.com/books?id=zAJZCKAwtPMC&source=gbs_navlinks_s
  10. *"Foreign Affairs; A Time to Find a Solution for Palestine", New York Times Aug 2, 1958. "Most Arab leaders do not even dare admit Israel's right to exist. They fear assassination by fanatics."*Parliamentary debates: Official report: Volume 547 (1956), Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons: "I will give two short quotations, one from Colonel Nasser, the Prime Minister of Egypt, on 8th May, 1954. It is an extremist point of view based on the belief and the assertion that Israel has no right to exist at all."*"Arms and the Middle East", Toledo Blade, Sep 30, 1955. "the Arabs still refuse to acknowledge Israel's right to exist."
  11. "And underlying all of the questions dividing Israel and its Arab neighbors, one issue is central: Does Israel have a right to exist?" (Farrell, James Thomas, It has come to pass, 1958) https://books.google.com/books?id=AnI9AAAAMAAJ&q=
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  13. "Khartoum Resolution". Council on Foreign Relations. http://www.cfr.org/international-peace-and-security/khartoum-resolution/p14841?breadcrumb=%2Fpublication%2Fpublication_list%3Ftype%3Dessential_document%26page%3D69. "The Khartoum Resolution passed by the Arab League in the wake of the 1967 war is famous for the "Three Nos" articulated in the third paragraph: No peace with Israel, no recognition of Israel, and no negotiations with Israel." 
  14. Alexander, Anne, Nasser, p. 150. ISBN:1-904341-83-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=CRbNAZFfggwC&pg=PA150&lpg=PA150&dq=
  15. Dennon, Leon, "Key to Peace in Mideast", Owosso Argus-Press, Nov 25, 1967.
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  18. "After Arafat, a chance for change". FT.com. 2004-11-11. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a6fc921c-3386-11d9-b6c3-00000e2511c8.html#axzz1TIo4nrB7. 
  19. "You are being redirected...". http://archive.adl.org/backgrounders/revision_of_plo_covenant.html#.WGSFAHpo-G8. 
  20. "Olmert to Demand PA Accept Israel as Jewish State". http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/124218. 
  21. Shragai, Nadav, "Knesset okays initial bill to outlaw denial of 'Jewish state'", Haaretz, May 30, 2009. http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1088712.html
  22. Al-Hayat Al-Jadida, November 26, 2011
  23. 'We recognize Israel, they should recognize Palestine'. JPost, June 30, 2011. http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/We-recognize-Israel-they-should-recognize-Palestine
  24. "Hamas: Palestinians will never recognize Israel", Friday, June 28, 2013 | Israel Today Staff.
  25. Whitbeck, John V. (February 2, 2007). "What 'Israel's right to exist' means to Palestinians". The Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0202/p09s02-coop.html. 
  26. On the Future of Democracy Noam Chomsky interviewed by John P. Titlow, Dragonfire, June, 2005 https://chomsky.info/200506__/
  27. Carty, Anthony (January 2013). "Israel's Legal Right to Exist and the Principle of the Self-determination of the Palestinian People?". The Modern Law Review 76 (1): 158–177. doi:10.1111/1468-2230.12007. http://intr2dok.vifa-recht.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/mir_derivate_00003238/Carty%20-%20Kattan%20review%20article%20on%20Israel-Palestine_MLR%202013.pdf. 
  28. Official report of debates Authors Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe, Council of Europe, Council of Europe, 1994, p. 747.
  29. Democracy and Human Rights in Multicultural Societies, Matthias Koenig, Paul F. A. Guchteneire, Unesco, Ashgate Publishing, 2007, p. 95.
  30. Homeward Bound; KURDISTAN: In the Shadow of History. By Susan Meiselas, Random House, 1997, reviewed by Christopher Hitchens, Los Angeles Times, Dec 7, 1997.
  31. [The Four Nations: A History of the United Kingdom By Frank Welsh p358|https://books.google.com/books?id=a9SqQ2YkDhAC&pg=PA358&lpg=PA358&dq=%22ireland's+right+to+exist%22&source=bl&ots=x4LLJDAb-Z&sig=_J8NXKZbf8lipTyRiB4RwACtUxE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=nTj-T-aGL6ag0QWUsch3&ved=0CFkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=%22ireland's%20right%20to%20exist%22&f=false]
  32. "British-Irish Agreement: Announcement.". Dáil Éireann debates. 2 December 1999. pp. Vol.512 No.2 p.3 cc.337–340. https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1999-12-02/2/. 
  33. "Just what is North Korea up to now?". 14 September 2017. http://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/north-korea-threatens-to-reduce-us-to-ashes/news-story/d735f25866cc4b089fad03865908dc91. 
  34. Database, ECF. "1922 Census of Palestine". https://ecf.org.il/issues/issue/1087. 
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  37. "Israel-PLO Recognition: Exchange of Letters between PM Rabin and Chairman Arafat". http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Israel-PLO%20Recognition%20-%20Exchange%20of%20Letters%20betwe. 
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  39. David Remnick (21 January 2013), The settlers move to annex the West Bank—and Israeli politics. The New Yorker http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2013/01/21/130121fa_fact_remnick
  40. "Bennett: Palestinian state a mistake, will work against it". 28 October 2013. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4446604,00.html. 
  41. "Bennett: If Israel leaves West Bank, we'll have terror tunnels leading into our heartland". Jerusalem Post. 6 August 2014. http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Bennett-If-Israel-leaves-West-Bank-well-have-terror-tunnels-leading-into-our-heartland-370222. 
  42. "Danny Danon talks to Al Jazeera". http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/talktojazeera/2011/08/201185103022120129.html. 
  43. "Amid uproar, deputy defense minister stands by rejection of two states". http://www.timesofisrael.com/amid-uproar-danon-stands-by-rejection-of-two-states/. 
  44. Haaretz (27 June 2016). "Only Four of 20 Israeli Ministers Openly Declare Support of Two-state Solution". http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.727431/. 
  45. Lidman, Melanie (28 December 2011). "Support growing for two-state solution". Jerusalem Post. http://www.jpost.com/DiplomacyAndPolitics/Article.aspx?id=251311. 
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