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HandWiki. Panama as a Tax Haven. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34778 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. Panama as a Tax Haven. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34778. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "Panama as a Tax Haven" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34778 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 16). Panama as a Tax Haven. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34778
HandWiki. "Panama as a Tax Haven." Encyclopedia. Web. 16 November, 2022.
Panama as a Tax Haven
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Panama_as_a_tax_haven

The Republic of Panama is one of the oldest and best-known tax havens in the Caribbean, as well as one of the most established in the region. Panama has had a reputation for tax avoidance since the early 20th century, and Panama has been cited repeatedly in recent years as a jurisdiction which does not cooperate with international tax transparency initiatives. Panama's offshore sector is intimately tied to the Panama canal, which has made it a gateway and entrepôt for international trade. There are strong similarities between Panama and other leading tax havens like Hong Kong, Singapore and Dubai. On paper at least, Panama has the largest shipping fleet in the world, greater than those of the US and China combined, according to the Tax Justice Network.

international tax tax avoidance panama

References

  1. Silverstein, Ken (December 3, 2014). "The Law Firm That Works with Oligarchs, Money Launderers, and Dictators" (in en-uk). VICE. https://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/evil-llc-0000524-v21n12. 
  2. Ovidio Diaz-Espino (1 August 2014). How Wall Street Created a Nation: J.P. Morgan, Teddy Roosevelt, and the Panama Canal. Primedia E-launch LLC. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-9905521-2-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=KoMvBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT120. 
  3. "Milestones: 1977–1980 - Office of the Historian". history.state.gov. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/panama-canal. 
  4. Guttorm Schjelderup; Armando Pires (April 12, 2016). "How Panama Became a Tax Haven". Foreign Affairs. https://www.nhh.no/en/research/research-news/article-archive/2016/april/how-panama-became-a-tax-haven/. 
  5. Armando Jose Garcia Pires. "31/13 Working Paper: The business model of The British Virgin Islands and Panama". Institute for Research in Economics and Business Administration. http://www.snf.no/Files/Filer/Publications/A31_13.pdf. 
  6. "Panama Papers: How did Panama become a tax haven?". BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-35967590. 
  7. Maverick, J. B. (September 30, 2015). "Why Is Panama Considered a Tax Haven?" (in en-US). Investopedia. http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/093015/why-panama-considered-tax-haven.asp. Retrieved May 5, 2016. 
  8. Panama as a jurisdiction which does not cooperate with international tax transparency initiatives: "Panama: Report on Observance of Standards and Codes—FATF Recommendations for Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2014/cr1455.pdf.  "2013 Investment Climate Statement – Panama". United States Department of State. https://2009-2017.state.gov/e/eb/rls/othr/ics/2013/204711.htm.  "Panama and OECD: Sanctionatory measures against Panama expected from October 2015". http://taxinsights.ey.com/archive/archive-news/panama-and-oecd--sanctionatory-measures-against-panama-expected-from-october-2015.aspx. 
  9. "Panama: the making of a tax haven and rogue state". Tax Justice Network. March 30, 2016. http://www.taxjustice.net/2016/03/30/panama-the-making-of-a-tax-haven-and-rogue-state/. Retrieved April 7, 2016. 
  10. "The Panama Papers: the enablers of financial secrecy know what they are doing". April 4, 2016. http://www.taxjustice.net/2016/04/04/15473/. 
  11. "Financial Secrecy in Panama and Beyond". The New York Times. April 8, 2016. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/08/opinion/financial-secrecy-in-panama-and-beyond.html. 
  12. "View 2015 Results". Tax Justice Network. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20151208055612/http://www.financialsecrecyindex.com/introduction/fsi-2015-results. 
  13. Seitz, Max. "Why the top 10 tax havens don't include Panama". BBC Mundo. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-35998801. 
  14. "Pascal Saint-Amans – Director, Centre for Tax Policy and Administration". www.oecd.org. http://www.oecd.org/ctp/pascal-saint-amans.htm. 
  15. "In the Back". Private Eye. http://www.private-eye.co.uk/registry. Retrieved May 6, 2016. 
  16. Lashmar, Paul (April 3, 2016). "Panama Papers: remarkable global media operation holds rich and powerful to account". The Conversation. http://theconversation.com/panama-papers-remarkable-global-media-operation-holds-rich-and-powerful-to-account-57196. Retrieved April 7, 2016. 
  17. Robinson, Jeffrey (2003) (in en). The Sink: Terror, Crime and Dirty Money in the Offshore World. Constable. p. 63. ISBN 9781841196824. https://books.google.com/?id=Tk4EAQAAIAAJ&q=%22registered+there+by+those+dishonest+lawyers%22. 
  18. Lashmar, Paul (April 4, 2016). "Panama Papers: Who was behind the investigation into elite's tax havens?". Newsweek. http://europe.newsweek.com/panama-papers-finance-business-mossack-fonesca-443648. Retrieved April 7, 2016. 
  19. Wood, Robert W. (November 3, 2015). "U.S. Ranks As Top Tax Haven, Refusing To Share Tax Data Despite FATCA". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertwood/2015/11/03/u-s-ranks-as-top-tax-haven-refusing-to-share-tax-data-despite-fatca/. 
  20. Swanson, Ana (April 5, 2016). "How the U.S. became one of the world's biggest tax havens". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/04/05/how-the-u-s-became-one-of-the-worlds-biggest-tax-havens/. Retrieved April 23, 2016. 
  21. Drucker, Jesse (January 27, 2016). "The World's Favorite New Tax Haven Is the United States". Bloomberg Businessweek. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-01-27/the-world-s-favorite-new-tax-haven-is-the-united-states. Retrieved April 23, 2016. 
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