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HandWiki. Cyrus Chothia. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34702 (accessed on 29 March 2024).
HandWiki. Cyrus Chothia. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34702. Accessed March 29, 2024.
HandWiki. "Cyrus Chothia" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34702 (accessed March 29, 2024).
HandWiki. (2022, November 15). Cyrus Chothia. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34702
HandWiki. "Cyrus Chothia." Encyclopedia. Web. 15 November, 2022.
Cyrus Chothia
Edit
lmb mrc biochemist

1. Introduction

Cyrus Homi Chothia (19 February 1942 – 26 November 2019)[1] FRS[2][3] was an English biochemist who was an emeritus scientist at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) at the University of Cambridge[4][5] and emeritus fellow of Wolfson College, Cambridge.[2][6][7][8][9][10][11]

2. Education

Chothia was educated at Alleyn's School,[12] then went to study at Durham University graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1965.[1] Chothia then completed a Master of Science degree at Birkbeck College in 1967 and a PhD from University College London[13] under the supervision of Peter Pauling ({{{2}}}),[14] the son of Linus Pauling.

3. Research and Career

After his PhD Chothia worked in the Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) for three years. He then worked with Michael Levitt[15] at the Weizmann Institute of Science[16][17] followed by two years with Joel Janin at the Institut Pasteur in Paris.[18]

In 1976 Chothia returned to England to work at University College London and the LMB. With Arthur Lesk[19][20] he showed that proteins adapt to mutations by changes in structure.

In 1992 he proposed that most proteins are built of domains that come from a small number of families.[21] He collaborated with Alexey Murzin, Steven Brenner and Tim Hubbard to create the Structural Classification of Proteins database (SCOP),[22][23] a periodic table for all known protein structures. With Julian Gough[24] he created the Superfamily database[25] which uses Hidden Markov models to identify protein sequences that are related to those of known structures.

During his career, Chothia supervised 19 successful PhD students to completion[26] including Alex Bateman, Steven E. Brenner, Mark Bender Gerstein, Julian Gough, Sarah Teichmann, Bissan Al-Lazikani,[27][28][29] Goga Apic,[30] Samantha Barré[31] Matthew Bashton,[32][33][34][35] Dan Bolser,[36] Michael Bremang,[37] Bernard de Bono,[38][39] Emma Ganley (née Hill),[40][41][42] Martin Madera,[43][44] Siarhei Maslau,[45] Susan Miller,[46][47][48] Jong Park (aka Jong Bhak),[49][50][51] Rajkumar Sasidharan,[52][53] and Christine Vogel.[54][55]

4. Awards and Honours

Chothia was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2000.[1] His certificate of election and candidature reads:

In 2015, Chothia was elected a Fellow of the International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB)[57] and was awarded the ISCB Accomplishment by a Senior Scientist Award in honour of his work in using computational methods to understand protein structure.[58]

Alongside David Haussler and Michael Waterman, Chothia was awarded the 2015 Dan David Prize for his contributions to the field of bioinformatics.

Further Reading
In this part, we encourage you to list the link of papers wrote by the character, or published reviews/articles about his/her academic contributions. Edit

References

  1. Anon (2014). "Chothia, Cyrus Homi". Who's Who (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.10866. https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U10866.  (subscription or UK public library membership required) (Subscription content?)
  2. "Wolfson College: Emeritus Fellow Dr Cyrus Chothia MA MSc FRS". Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. https://www.webcitation.org/65igZNPzN?url=http://www.wolfson.cam.ac.uk/people/open/ef/2f623c. 
  3. "Cyrus Chothia (1942–2019)". https://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/cyrus-chothia-1942-2019/. Retrieved 27 November 2019. 
  4. "Cyrus Chothia: The protein origins of biological complexity, LMB Emeritus". Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. https://www.webcitation.org/65igDnvoU?url=http://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/group-leaders/emeritus-scientists/cyruschothia. 
  5. "Structural genomics and protein structure". Mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk. http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/tcb/chothia_research.html. Retrieved 24 June 2014. 
  6. {{DBLP}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.
  7. "cyrus chothia". Google Scholar. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=cyrus+chothia. Retrieved 24 June 2014. 
  8. Chothia, C.; Lesk, A. M.; Tramontano, A.; Levitt, M.; Smith-Gill, S. J.; Air, G.; Sheriff, S.; Padlan, E. A. et al. (1989). "Conformations of immunoglobulin hypervariable regions". Nature 342 (6252): 877–883. doi:10.1038/342877a0. PMID 2687698. Bibcode: 1989Natur.342..877C.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F342877a0
  9. Lewis, T. E.; Sillitoe, I; Andreeva, A; Blundell, T. L.; Buchan, D. W.; Chothia, C; Cozzetto, D; Dana, J. M. et al. (2015). "Genome3D: Exploiting structure to help users understand their sequences". Nucleic Acids Research 43 (Database issue): D382–6. doi:10.1093/nar/gku973. PMID 25348407.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4384030
  10. Chothia, C; Gough, J; Vogel, C; Teichmann, S. A. (2003). "Evolution of the protein repertoire". Science 300 (5626): 1701–3. doi:10.1126/science.1085371. PMID 12805536. Bibcode: 2003Sci...300.1701C. https://semanticscholar.org/paper/7276289918c649c3765df93d2a314f2ee50b9579. 
  11. Cyrus Chothia's publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (Subscription content?) https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.url?authorId=7006448943
  12. "Dan David Prize Awarded to Dr Cyrus Chothia". Alleyn's School. Archived from the original on 23 March 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150323230600/http://www.alleyns.org.uk/page.aspx?id=1406. 
  13. Chothia, Cyrus (1973). The crystal structures of some molecules active at cholinergic nerve receptors. proquest.com (PhD thesis). University College London. http://search.proquest.com/docview/301370414/
  14. Chothia, C.; Pauling, P. (1969). "On the conformations of hallucinogenic molecules and their correlation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 63 (4): 1063–1070. doi:10.1073/pnas.63.4.1063. PMID 4311249. Bibcode: 1969PNAS...63.1063C.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=223427
  15. "Cyrus H. Chothia, Chemistry Tree". Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150227104343/http://academictree.org/chemistry/peopleinfo.php?pid=72249. 
  16. Chothia, C.; Levitt, M.; Richardson, D. (1977). "Structure of proteins: Packing of alpha-helices and pleated sheets". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 74 (10): 4130–4134. doi:10.1073/pnas.74.10.4130. PMID 270659. Bibcode: 1977PNAS...74.4130C.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=431889
  17. Levitt, M.; Chothia, C. (1976). "Structural patterns in globular proteins". Nature 261 (5561): 552–558. doi:10.1038/261552a0. PMID 934293. Bibcode: 1976Natur.261..552L.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F261552a0
  18. Sweet, R.; Wright, H.; Janin, J.; Chothia, C.; Blow, D. (1974). "Crystal structure of the complex of porcine trypsin with soybean trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz) at 2.6-A resolution". Biochemistry 13 (20): 4212–4228. doi:10.1021/bi00717a024. PMID 4472048.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fbi00717a024
  19. Lesk, A.; Chothia, C. (1980). "How different amino acid sequences determine similar protein structures: The structure and evolutionary dynamics of the globins". Journal of Molecular Biology 136 (3): 225–270. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(80)90373-3. PMID 7373651.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0022-2836%2880%2990373-3
  20. Lesk, A.; Chothia, C. (1980). "Solvent accessibility, protein surfaces, and protein folding". Biophysical Journal 32 (1): 35–47. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(80)84914-9. PMID 7248454. Bibcode: 1980BpJ....32...35L.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1327253
  21. Chothia, Cyrus (1992). "One thousand families for the molecular biologist". Nature 357 (6379): 543–4. doi:10.1038/357543a0. PMID 1608464. Bibcode: 1992Natur.357..543C.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F357543a0
  22. "SCOP: A structural classification of proteins database". Nucleic Acids Research 25 (1): 236–239. 1997. doi:10.1093/nar/25.1.236. PMID 9016544.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=146380
  23. "UK government grants awarded to Cyrus Chothia". Research Councils UK. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141015061418/http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/person/63EF1EB9-4FB1-4759-8592-FD68CDBD168D. 
  24. "UK government grants awarded to Cyrus Chothia". Research Councils UK. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014.
  25. Gough, J.; Chothia, C. (2002). "SUPERFAMILY: HMMs representing all proteins of known structure. SCOP sequence searches, alignments and genome assignments". Nucleic Acids Research 30 (1): 268–272. doi:10.1093/nar/30.1.268. PMID 11752312.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=99153
  26. Alex Bateman (2015). "Cyrus Chothia's academic family tree". twitter. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150715093933/https://twitter.com/Alexbateman1/status/620860414675537920. 
  27. Al-Lazikani, Bissan (1999). Canonical structures of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624098
  28. "Dr Bissan Al-Lazikani Team leader". The Institute of Cancer Research. Archived from the original on 5 March 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150305201555/http://www.icr.ac.uk/our-research/researchers-and-teams/dr-bissan-al-lazikani. 
  29. Al-Lazikani, B; Lesk, A. M.; Chothia, C (2000). "Canonical structures for the hypervariable regions of T cell alphabeta receptors". Journal of Molecular Biology 295 (4): 979–95. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1999.3358. PMID 10656805.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1006%2Fjmbi.1999.3358
  30. Apic, Gordana (2003). Evolution of multidomain proteins in genomes. lib.cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. OCLC 894594841. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.619919. http://idiscover.lib.cam.ac.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44CAM_ALMA21433441040003606&context=L&vid=44CAM_PROD&search_scope=SCOP_CAM_ALL&tab=cam_lib_coll&lang=en_US
  31. Barré, Samantha; Greenberg, Andrew S.; Flajnik, Martin F.; Chothia, Cyrus (1994). "Structural conservation of hypervariable regions in immunoglobulins evolution". Nature Structural Biology 1 (12): 915–920. doi:10.1038/nsb1294-915. ISSN 1072-8368. PMID 7773781.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnsb1294-915
  32. Bashton, Matthew (2004). Functional analysis of domain combinations (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616149
  33. "Dr Matthew Bashton: Research Associate: INSTINCT project". Archived from the original on 5 March 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150305201647/http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomedicine/contact/team/profile/matthew.bashton. 
  34. Bashton, M; Chothia, C (2002). "The geometry of domain combination in proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology 315 (4): 927–39. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5288. PMID 11812158.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1006%2Fjmbi.2001.5288
  35. Bashton, M; Chothia, C (2007). "The generation of new protein functions by the combination of domains". Structure 15 (1): 85–99. doi:10.1016/j.str.2006.11.009. PMID 17223535.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.str.2006.11.009
  36. Bolser, Daniel Murray (2007). The surfaces involved in the formation of protein complexes (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612938
  37. Bremang, Michael Anthony (2012). The mouse protein repertoire : studies on alternative splicing, function and quality (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610626
  38. de Bono, Bernard (2004). Immunoglobulin superfamily proteins in human and mouse (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598443
  39. de Bono, B. (2003). "Exegesis: a procedure to improve gene predictions and its use to find immunoglobulin superfamily proteins in the human and mouse genomes". Nucleic Acids Research 31 (21): 6096–6103. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg828. ISSN 1362-4962. PMID 14576296.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=275470
  40. Hill, Emma Elizabeth (2002). Evolution of protein families: genome sequences and three dimensional structures (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=23724
  41. "Emma Hill's Homepage". University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on 13 July 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060713231419/http://compbio.berkeley.edu/people/emma/aboutme.html. 
  42. "Emma Ganley (née Hill) PLOS staff". PLOS. Archived from the original on 24 April 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150424211743/https://www.plos.org/staff/emma-ganley/. 
  43. Madera, Martin (2005). Hidden Markov models for detection of remote homology (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615112
  44. Madera, M. (2004). "The SUPERFAMILY database in 2004: additions and improvements". Nucleic Acids Research 32 (90001): 235D–239. doi:10.1093/nar/gkh117. ISSN 1362-4962. PMID 14681402.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=308851
  45. Maslau, Siarhei (2007). Formation of the small molecule metabolism of Escherichia coli (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613391
  46. Miller, G. S. P. (1987). Computer display and manufacture of 3-D models (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. OCLC 59769936. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235044
  47. Miller, Susan; Janin, Joël; Lesk, Arthur M.; Chothia, Cyrus (1987). "Interior and surface of monomeric proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology 196 (3): 641–656. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(87)90038-6. ISSN 0022-2836. PMID 3681970.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0022-2836%2887%2990038-6
  48. Miller, Susan; Lesk, Arthur M.; Janin, Joël; Chothia, Cyrus (1987). "The accessible surface area and stability of oligomeric proteins". Nature 328 (6133): 834–836. doi:10.1038/328834a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 3627230. Bibcode: 1987Natur.328..834M.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F328834a0
  49. Park, Jong Hwa (1997). Genome sequence analysis and methods (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627329
  50. Cyrus Chothia publications indexed by Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZUBVdMAAAAAJ
  51. "Jong Bhak's home page: An entrepreneur and a scientist". jongbhak.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141220015716/http://jongbhak.com/index.php/Main_Page. 
  52. Sasidharan, Rajkumar (2004). Protein evolution : the selection of acceptable mutations (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616044
  53. Sasidharan, R.; Chothia, C. (2007). "The selection of acceptable protein mutations". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 (24): 10080–10085. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703737104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 17540730. Bibcode: 2007PNAS..10410080S.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1891269
  54. Vogel, Christine (2004). A domain perspective on the evolution of the protein repertoire (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616272
  55. Vogel, Christine; Chothia, Cyrus (2006). "Protein Family Expansions and Biological Complexity". PLoS Computational Biology 2 (5): e48. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020048. ISSN 1553-734X. PMID 16733546. Bibcode: 2006PLSCB...2...48V.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1464810
  56. "EC/2000/04: Chothia, Cyrus". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 31 August 2015. https://www.webcitation.org/6bCYccQZx?url=https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSearch=%28RefNo%3D%3D%27EC%2F2000%2F04%27%29. Retrieved 18 November 2013. 
  57. Fogg, C. N.; Kovats, D. E. (2015). "Message from the ISCB: 2015 ISCB Accomplishment by a Senior Scientist Award: Cyrus Chothia". Bioinformatics 31 (13): 2238–9. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv218. PMID 26002905.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtv218
  58. "Meet the ISCB Fellows Class of 2015". Archived from the original on 20 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150220233807/http://www.iscb.org/iscb-news-items/2392-2015feb20-meet-the-iscb-fellows-class-of-2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015. 
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Name: Cyrus Chothia
Born: Feb 1942
Died: Nov 2019
Birth
Location:
Cyrus Homi Chothia
Title: English biochemist
Affiliation: Unknown
Honor: Unknown
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Subjects: Others
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