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References

1. Ferenc M. Szasz, "William B. Riley and the Fight against Teaching of Evolution in Minnesota." Minnesota History 1969 41(5): 201–216.
2. Balmer, Randall (2007). Thy Kingdom Come. Basic Books. p.111
3. Larson 1997, p. 59
4. Edward J. Larson, Summer for the Gods: And America's Continuing Debate over Science And Religion (2006)
5. See Supreme Court of Tennessee John Thomas Scopes v. The State, at end of opinion filed January 17, 1927. The court did not address the question of how the assessment of the minimum possible statutory fine, when the defendant had been duly convicted, could possibly work any prejudice against the defendant. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/statcase.htm
6. "A Monkey on Tennessee's Back: The Scopes Trial in Dayton". Tennessee State Library and Archives. http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/scopes/index.htm. Retrieved November 13, 2011. 
7. The Great Monkey Trial, by L. Sprague de Camp, Doubleday, 1968
8. An introduction to the John Scopes (Monkey) Trial by Douglas Linder. UMKC Law. Retrieved April 15, 2007. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/evolut.htm
9. Presley, James and Scopes, John T. Center of the Storm. p. 60. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. (1967)
10. Larson 1997, p. 108 "Scopes had urged the students to testify against him, and coached them in their answers."
11. Larson 1997, p. 89,107
12. Larson 1997, p. 108
13. The New York Times May 26, 1925: pp. 1, 16
14. de Camp, p. 410.
15. Larson 1997, p. 107
16. de Camp, pp. 72–74, 79
17. Scopes and Presley, Center of the Storm. pp. 66–67.
18. Larson 1997, p. 101
19. "Scopes Monkey Trial" (in en-US). BOOK OF DAYS TALES. July 21, 2015. http://www.bookofdaystales.com/scopes-monkey-trial/. 
20. Clark, Constance Areson (2000). "Evolution for John Doe: Pictures, The Public, and the Scopes Trial Debate". Journal of American History 87 (4): 1275–1303. 
21. "Evolution in Tennessee". Outlook 140 (July 29, 1925), pp. 443–44.
22. Larson, Edward J., Summer for the Gods: The Scopes Trial and America's Continuing Debate Over Science and Religion (1997), pp. 108–109. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press (1998).
23. Scopes, John Thomas (1971), The world's most famous court trial, State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes; complete stenographic report of the court test of the Tennessee anti-evolution act at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 1925, including speeches and arguments of attorneys, New York: Da Capo Press, pp. 174–78, ISBN 978-1-886363-31-1 
24. de Camp, p335
25. Scopes and Presley, Center of the Storm, pp. 154–56.
26. de Camp, p.412.
27. Scopes, John Thomas (1971), The world's most famous court trial, State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes; complete stenographic report of the court test of the Tennessee anti-evolution act at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 1925, including speeches and arguments of attorneys, New York: Da Capo Press, p. 304, ISBN 978-1-886363-31-1 
28. Arthur Garfield Hays, Let Freedom Ring (New York: Liveright, 1937), pp. 71–72; Charles Francis Potter, The Preacher and I (New York: Crown, 1951), pp. 275–76.
29. de Camp, pp. 364–65
30. Kirtley F. Mather, "Creation and Evolution", in Science Ponders Religion, ed. Harlow Shapley (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1960), pp. 32–45.
31. p. 227; Scopes and Presley p.164
32. Moran, 2002, p. 150
33. Moran, 2002, p157
34. p.299
35. pp. 302–03
36. The New York Times, July 22, 1925: p. 2.
37. Scopes 1967: pp. 59–60
38. "Faith of Our Fathers". Beliefnet. http://www.beliefnet.com/News/1999/12/Faith-Of-Our-Fathers.aspx#. 
39. http://www.in2013dollars.com/1925-dollars-in-2017?amount=100
40. World's Most Famous Court Trial, p.313
41. Kazin, M. A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryan. Anchor Press (2007), p.134. ISBN:0385720564
42. Scopes v. State, 154 Tenn. 105, 1927
43. The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution was not, at the time of the Scopes decision in the 1920s, deemed applicable to the states. Thus, Scopes' constitutional defense on establishment of religion grounds rested—and had to rest—solely on the state constitution, as there was no federal Establishment Clause protection available to him. See Court's opinion.See generally Incorporation doctrine and Everson v. Board of Education (a seminal U.S. Supreme Court opinion finally applying the Establishment Clause against states in 1947). http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/statcase.htm
44. The New York Times January 16, 1927: 1, 28.
45. "Butler Act Repeal – Tennessee House Bill No. 48 (1967)". todayinsci.com. http://www.todayinsci.com/S/Scopes_John/ButlerActRepeal.htm. 
46. David Goetz, "The Monkey Trial". Christian History 1997 16(3): pp. 10–18. 0891-9666
47. Edwards (2000)
48. Shapiro, Adam R. (2014). Trying Biology: The Scopes Trial, Textbooks, and the Antievolution Movement in American Schools. University of Chicago Press. pp. 4–5. 
49. William V. Trollinger, God's Empire: William Bell Riley and Midwestern Fundamentalism (1991).
50. Laats, Adam (2011). "Monkeys, Bibles, and the Little Red Schoolhouse: Atlanta's School Battles in the Scopes Era". Georgia Historical Quarterly 95 (3): 335–355. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=67360373&site=eds-live&scope=site. 
51. R. Halliburton, Jr., "The Adoption of Arkansas' Anti-Evolution Law", Arkansas Historical Quarterly 23 (Autumn 1964): 280
52. Christopher K. Curtis, "Mississippi's Anti-Evolution Law of 1926". Journal of Mississippi History 1986 48(1): pp. 15–29.
53. George E. Webb, "The Evolution Controversy in Arizona and California: From the 1920s to the 1980s". Journal of the Southwest 1991 33(2): pp. 133–150. 0894-8410.
54. Gatewood (1969)
55. Grabiner, J.V. & Miller, P.D., Effects of the Scopes Trial, Science, New Series, Vol. 185, No. 4154 (September 6, 1974), pp. 832–837
56. Moore, Randy, The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 60, No. 8 (Oct. 1998), pp. 568–577
57. George Gaylord Simpson, Evolution and Education, Science February 7, 1975: Vol. 187, Issue 4175, pp. 389
58. Ella Thea Smith and the Lost History of American High School Biology Textbooks, Ronald P. Ladouceur, Journal of the History of Biology, Vol. 41, No. 3, 2008, pp. 435–471
59. Larson 2004, p. 211
60. Larson 2004, pp. 212–213
61. Larson 2004, p. 213
62. Harrison, S. L. (1994). "The Scopes 'Monkey Trial' Revisited: Mencken and the Editorial Art of Edmund Duffy". Journal of American Culture 17 (4): 55–63. doi:10.1111/j.1542-734X.1994.t01-1-00055.x.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1542-734X.1994.t01-1-00055.x
63. Larson 2004, p. 217
64. "Scopes Trial Museum". Tennessee History for Kids. http://www.tnhistoryforkids.org/places/scopes_museum. Retrieved November 13, 2008. 
65. National Park Service (April 2007). "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State".
66. "National Register of Historic Places Database and Research Page". National Register Information System. National Park Service. http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/research/index.htm. Retrieved May 15, 2007. 
67. "Gallery: Monkey Trial". PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/monkeytrial/gallery/index.html.  A gallery of cartoons produced in reaction to the trial, from PBS' American Experience.
68. E.S. Martin, Life 86 (July 16, 1925): p. 16.
69. "Life Lines", Life 85 (June 18, 1925): 10; 85 (June 25, 1925): 6, 86 (July 2, 1925): 8; 86 (July 9, 1925): 6; 86 (July 30, 1925): 6; "Life's Encyclopedia," Life 85 (July 25, 1925): 23; Kile Croak, "My School in Tennessee," Life 86 (July 2, 1925); 4; Arthur Guiterman, "Notes for a Tennessee Primer," Life 86 (July 16, 1925): 5; "Topics in Brief," Literary Digest, for 86 (July 4, 1925): 18; 86 (July 11, 1925): 15; 86 (July 18, 1925): 15; 86 (July 25, 1925): 15, 86 (August 1, 1925): 17; 86 (August 8, 1925): 13.
70. "Tennessee Goes Fundamentalist," New Republic 42 (April 29, 1925): pp. 258–60; Howard K. Hollister, "In Dayton, Tennessee," Nation 121 (July 8, 1925): pp. 61–62; Dixon Merritt, "Smoldering Fires," Outlook 140 (July 22, 1925): pp. 421–22.
71. Martin, Life 86 (July 16, 1925): p. 16.
72. "The Great Trial," Time (magazine) 6 (July 20, 1926): p. 17. https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20%28magazine%29
73. Life 86 (July 9, 1925): p. 7.
74. Mencken, H.L., "Sickening Doubts About Value of Publicity", The Baltimore Evening Sun, July 9, 1925.
75. Edgar Kemler, The Irreverent Mr. Mencken (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1948), pp. 175–90. For excerpts from Mencken's reports see William Manchester, Sage of Baltimore: The Life and Riotous Times of H.L. Mencken (New York: Andrew-Melrose, 1952) pp. 143–45, and D-Days at Dayton: Reflections on the Scopes Trial, ed. Jerry R. Tompkins (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press, 1965) pp. 35–51.
76. H.L. Mencken, Heathen Days, 1890–1936 (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1943) pp. 231–34; Michael Williams, "Sunday in Dayton", Commonweal 2 (July 29, 1925): pp. 285–88.
77. "In Memoriam: W.J.B." was first printed in The Baltimore Evening Sun, July 27, 1925; rpt. by Mencken in the American Mercury 5 (October 1925) pp. 158–60 in his Prejudices (Fifth Series), pp. 64–74; and in https://archive.org/details/mencken017105mbp Cooke, Alistair, The Vintage Mencken, Vintage Books, pp. 161–167.
78. Mencken, Heathen Days, pp. 280–87.
79. "Mencken Epithets Rouse Dayton's Ire", The New York Times, July 17, 1925, 3.
80. "Battle Now Over, Mencken Sees; Genesis Triumphant and Ready for New Jousts", H.L. Mencken, The Baltimore Evening Sun, July 18, 1925, http://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/menck04.htm#SCOPES9 , URL accessed April 27, 2008.
81. "Gallery: Monkey Trial". PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/monkeytrial/gallery/index.html. 
82. Notes on Inherit the Wind UMKC Law School. Retrieved April 15, 2007. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/SCO_INHE.HTM
83. "Inherit the Wind: The Playwrights' Note". http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug97/inherit/l&lnote.html. 
84. "Inherit the Wind, Drama for Students". Gale Group. January 1, 1998. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-2692700013.html#. Retrieved August 31, 2012.  (Subscription content?)
85. Riley, Karen L.; Brown, Jennifer A.; Braswell, Ray (January 1, 2007). "Historical Truth and Film: Inherit the Wind as an Appraisal of the American Teacher". American Educational History Journal. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1670106791.html#. Retrieved August 31, 2012.  (Subscription content?)
86. "Inherit the Wind". virginia.edu. http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug97/inherit/l&lnote.html. 
87. Larson 1997, p. 240
88. Inherit the controversy http://www.cjonline.com/stories/030201/wee_inherit.shtml
89. Benen, Steve (July 1, 2000). "Inherit the Myth?". Church and State. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-63974644.html#. Retrieved August 31, 2012.  (Subscription content?)
90. Ronald L. Numbers, Darwinism Comes to America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), p. 85, 86.
91. "Evolution of a Scholar". Pepperdine Law. http://www.pepperdine.edu/calling/evolution.htm. Retrieved September 2, 2012. 
92. The Great Tennessee Monkey Trial: Details. 2006. ISBN 9781580813525. http://www.worldcat.org/title/great-tennessee-monkey-trial/oclc/77554199. 
93. Goodchild, Peter (2006). The Great Tennessee Monkey Trial. L.A. Theatre Works. ISBN 9781580813525. 
94. "The Great Tennessee Monkey Trial: AudioFile Review". AudioFile Magazine (Portland, ME). December 2006. http://www.audiobooksync.com/books/the-great-tennessee-monkey-trial/. 
95. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00nwz36
96. 'Inherit the Wind' opens at the Springer Opera House Ledger-Enquirer http://www.ledger-enquirer.com/2010/01/21/982302/inherit-the-wind-opens-tonight.html
97. Play based on Scopes trial ending 20-year run Wate.com http://www.wate.com/global/story.asp?s=10067872
98. Play based on Scopes trial ending 20-year run TimesNews.net http://www.timesnews.net/article.php?id=9012707
99. Scopes trial film begins July 14 Times Free Press http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2007/jul/05/Scopes-trial-film-begins-July-14/?print
100. Associated Press. College plans own version of movie on evolution trial. Times Daily, July 7, 2007, p48
101. "Synopsis > Alleged". http://www.allegedthemovie.com/pages/synopsis.html. Retrieved May 1, 2012. 
102. "Comedy Central: Drunk History: Clip". http://www.comedycentral.com/video-clips/lh1ta6/drunk-history-the-scopes-monkey-trial. 
103. AudioFile Magazine. "The Great Tennessee Monkey Trial: Description". http://www.audiobooksync.com/books/the-great-tennessee-monkey-trial/. 
104. The International Novelty Orchestra with Billy Murray. "Monkey Biz-Ness (Down In Tennessee 1925)". https://archive.org/details/TheInternationalNoveltyOrchestraVbillyMurray-MonkeyBiz-nessDownIn. Mr. Fab. "Silly 78s: International Novelty Orchestra with Billy Murray "Monkey Biz-ness (Down in Tennessee)" [GOTTA have some Billy Murray in any survey of 78s- he was the early 20th century's biggest recording star, and certainly one of the most prolific"]. http://musicformaniacs.blogspot.com/2013/06/silly-78s.html. 
105. Lawrance Bernabo and Celeste Michelle Condit (1990). "Two Stories of the Scopes Trial: Legal and Journalistic Articulations of the Legitimacy of Science and Religion" in Popular Trials: Rhetoric, Mass Media, and the Law, edited by Robert Hariman. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, pp. 82–83.