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HandWiki. The Emergency (India). Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34578 (accessed on 18 September 2026).
HandWiki. The Emergency (India). Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34578. Accessed September 18, 2026.
HandWiki. "The Emergency (India)" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34578 (accessed September 18, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 15). The Emergency (India). In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34578
HandWiki. "The Emergency (India)." Encyclopedia. Web. 15 November, 2022.
The Emergency (India)
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Social:The_Emergency_(India)

The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country. Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution because of the prevailing "internal disturbance", the Emergency was in effect from 25 June 1975 until its withdrawal on 21 March 1977. The order bestowed upon the Prime Minister the authority to rule by decree, allowing elections to be cancelled and civil liberties to be suspended. For much of the Emergency, most of Indira Gandhi's political opponents were imprisoned and the press was censored. Several other human rights violations were reported from the time, including a mass forced sterilization campaign spearheaded by Sanjay Gandhi, the Prime Minister's son. The Emergency is one of the most controversial periods of independent India's history. The final decision to impose an emergency was proposed by Indira Gandhi, agreed upon by the president of India, and thereafter ratified by the cabinet and the parliament (from July to August 1975), based on the rationale that there were imminent internal and external threats to the Indian state.

state of emergency external threats civil liberties

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