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HandWiki. Bluetongue Disease. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34319 (accessed on 24 September 2026).
HandWiki. Bluetongue Disease. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34319. Accessed September 24, 2026.
HandWiki. "Bluetongue Disease" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34319 (accessed September 24, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 14). Bluetongue Disease. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34319
HandWiki. "Bluetongue Disease." Encyclopedia. Web. 14 November, 2022.
Bluetongue Disease
Edit

Bluetongue disease is a noncontagious, insect-borne, viral disease of ruminants, mainly sheep and less frequently cattle, yaks, goats, buffalo, deer, dromedaries, and antelope. It is caused by Bluetongue virus (BTV). The virus is transmitted by the midges Culicoides imicola, Culicoides variipennis, and other culicoids.

culicoids culicoides viral disease

References

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  2. McGrath, Matt (29 September 2007). "'Dancing' disease set for long run". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7019511.stm. 
  3. Handbook of Animal Diseases in the Tropics, 1976. ISBN:0-901028-10-X
  4. Jensen, R. and Swift, B.L. Diseases of Sheep, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1982. ISBN:0-8121-0836-1
  5. "Complete genome characterisation of a novel 26th bluetongue virus serotype from Kuwait". PLOS ONE 6 (10): e26147. 2011. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026147. PMID 22031822. Bibcode: 2011PLoSO...626147M.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3198726
  6. Roy P (2008). "Functional mapping of bluetongue virus proteins and their interactions with host proteins during virus replication". Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 50 (3): 143–57. doi:10.1007/s12013-008-9009-4. PMID 18299997.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12013-008-9009-4
  7. "Courageous science: structural studies of bluetongue virus core". Structure 7 (3): R43–R46. March 1999. doi:10.1016/s0969-2126(99)80031-8. PMID 10368304.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0969-2126%2899%2980031-8
  8. Purse, Bethan V.; Mellor, Philip S.; Rogers, David J.; Samuel, Alan R.; Mertens, Peter P. C.; Baylis, Matthew (February 2005). "Climate change and the recent emergence of bluetongue in Europe". Nature Reviews Microbiology 3 (2): 171–81. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1090. PMID 15685226.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrmicro1090
  9. "Bluetongue – Europe (51)". International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2007-10-30. http://www.promedmail.org/pls/promed/f?p=2400:1001:6789444728823816325::NO::F2400_P1001_BACK_PAGE,F2400_P1001_PUB_MAIL_ID:1000,39875. 
  10. Baylis, M.; Caminade, C.; Turner, J.; Jones, A.E. (2017-08-01). "The role of climate change in a developing threat: the case of bluetongue in Europe: -EN- -FR- L'influence du changement climatique dans les menaces sanitaires évolutives : l'exemple de la fièvre catarrhale ovine en Europe -ES- La influencia del cambio climático en una amenaza creciente: el caso de la lengua azul en Europa". Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics) 36 (2): 467–78. doi:10.20506/rst.36.2.2667. ISSN 0253-1933. PMID 30152470.  https://dx.doi.org/10.20506%2Frst.36.2.2667
  11. "Blue Tongue confirmed in Belgium and Germany" (Press release). European Commission. 2006-08-21. Retrieved 2006-08-21. http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/06/1113&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en
  12. "Lethal horse disease knocking on Europe's door" (Press release). Horsetalk.co.nz. 2007-03-28. Retrieved 2007-03-27. http://www.horsetalk.co.nz/archives/2007/03/165.shtml
  13. "Bluetongue dobývá Evropskou unii". Agroweb. 2008-02-19. http://www.krmivarstvi.cz/zivocisna-vyroba/Bluetongue-dobyva-Evropskou-unii__s45x29979.html. 
  14. "Bluetongue disease detected in UK". BBC News Online. 2007-09-22. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7008788.stm. 
  15. Gray, Richard (2007-10-14). "Bluetongue spreads from cattle to sheep". London: Telegraph.co.uk. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1566090/Bluetongue-spreads-from-cattle-to-sheep.html. 
  16. "Bluetongue – Europe (50)". International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2007-10-30. http://www.promedmail.org/pls/promed/f?p=2400:1001:6789444728823816325::::F2400_P1001_BACK_PAGE,F2400_P1001_ARCHIVE_NUMBER,F2400_P1001_USE_ARCHIVE:1001,20071030.3522,Y. 
  17. "Bluetongue outbreak detected in Denmark – EU", Reuters , 13 October 2007. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL13660817
  18. "Blue tongue outbreak spreads south". Thelocal.se. 2008-09-24. http://www.thelocal.se/14538/20080924/. 
  19. Mehlhorn, Heinz; Walldorf, Volker; Klimpel, Sven; Schaub, Günter; Kiel, Ellen; Focke, René; Liebisch, Gabriele; Liebisch, Arndt et al. (2009). "Bluetongue disease in Germany (2007–2008): monitoring of entomological aspects". Parasitology Research 105 (2): 313–19. doi:10.1007/s00436-009-1416-y. ISSN 1432-1955. PMID 19322587.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00436-009-1416-y
  20. Veterinærinstituttet informs about the outbreak in Vest-Agder , Norway National Veterinary Institute, 20 February 2009. http://www.vetinst.no/nor/Nyheter/Blaatunge-paavist-i-Norge
  21. "Where does bluetongue virus sleep in the winter?". PLOS Biology 6 (8): e210. August 2008. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060210. PMID 18752350.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2525685
  22. van Rijn, Piet A. (2019-11-21). "Prospects of Next-Generation Vaccines for Bluetongue". Frontiers in Veterinary Science 6: 407. doi:10.3389/fvets.2019.00407. ISSN 2297-1769. PMID 31824966.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6881303
  23. "Evaluation of the immunogenicity of an experimental DIVA subunit vaccine against Bluetongue virus serotype 8 in cattle". Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 20 (8): 1115–22. 2013. doi:10.1128/CVI.00229-13. PMID 23720365.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3754508
  24. Staff Reporter (2015-01-08). "Vaccine for bluetongue disease launched". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/vaccine-for-bluetongue-disease-launched/article6770003.ece. 
  25. Mertens, Peter (2009). Bluetongue (Biology of Animal Infections) (1 ed.). Academic Press. pp. 7–21. ISBN 978-0123693686. 
  26. Kevany, Sophie (2021-02-25). "Cattle stranded at sea 'face immediate slaughter' if ship docks in Spain, says manager" (in en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/feb/25/cattle-stranded-at-sea-face-slaughter-if-ship-docks-in-spain-says-manager. 
  27. Maclachlan NJ (November 2011). "Bluetongue: history, global epidemiology, and pathogenesis". Preventive Veterinary Medicine 102 (2): 107–11. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.04.005. PMID 21570141.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.prevetmed.2011.04.005
  28. African Horse Sickness – Clinical Findings and Lesions, The Merck Veterinary Manual. http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/52600.htm&word=African%2cHorse%2cSickness
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