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HandWiki. Voyeurism. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34145 (accessed on 09 October 2026).
HandWiki. Voyeurism. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34145. Accessed October 09, 2026.
HandWiki. "Voyeurism" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34145 (accessed October 09, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 11). Voyeurism. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34145
HandWiki. "Voyeurism." Encyclopedia. Web. 11 November, 2022.
Voyeurism
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Medicine:Voyeurism

Voyeurism is the sexual interest in or practice of watching other people engaged in intimate behaviors, such as undressing, sexual activity, or other actions usually considered to be of a private nature. The term comes from the French voir which means "to see". A male voyeur is commonly labelled as "Peeping Tom" or a "Jags", a term which originates from the Lady Godiva legend. However, that term is usually applied to a male who observes somebody secretly and, generally, not in a public space. The American Psychiatric Association has classified certain voyeuristic fantasies, urges and behaviour patterns as a paraphilia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) if the person has acted on these urges, or the sexual urges or fantasies cause marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. It is described as a disorder of sexual preference in the ICD-10. The DSM-IV defines voyeurism as the act of looking at "unsuspecting individuals, usually strangers, who are naked, in the process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity". The diagnosis would not be given to people who experience typical sexual arousal simply by seeing nudity or sexual activity. In order to be diagnosed with voyeuristic disorder the symptoms must persist for over six months and the person in question must be over the age of 18.

sexual arousal sexual preference paraphilia

References

  1. Smith, R. Spencer (1976). "Voyeurism: A review of literature". Archives of Sexual Behavior 5 (6): 585–608. doi:10.1007/BF01541221. PMID 795401.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01541221
  2. Janssen, D.F. (2018). ""Voyeuristic Disorder": Etymological and Historical Note". Archives of Sexual Behavior 47 (5): 1307–1311. doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1199-2. ISSN 0004-0002. PMID 29582266.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-018-1199-2
  3. Metzl, Jonathan (2004). "From scopophilia to Survivor: A brief history of voyeurism". Textual Practice 18 (3): 415–34. doi:10.1080/09502360410001732935.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F09502360410001732935
  4. Metzl, Jonathan M. (2004). "Voyeur Nation? Changing Definitions of Voyeurism, 1950–2004". Harvard Review of Psychiatry 12 (2): 127–31. doi:10.1080/10673220490447245. PMID 15204808.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F10673220490447245
  5. "The DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Exhibitionism, Voyeurism, and Frotteurism". Niklas Langstrom. http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Sex%20and%20GID%20Lit%20Reviews/Paraphilias/LANGSTROMDSM.pdf. 
  6. Templeman, Terrel L.; Stinnett, Ray D. (1991). "Patterns of sexual arousal and history in a ?normal? Sample of young men". Archives of Sexual Behavior 20 (2): 137–50. doi:10.1007/BF01541940. PMID 2064539.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01541940
  7. Långström, Niklas; Seto, Michael C. (2006). "Exhibitionistic and Voyeuristic Behavior in a Swedish National Population Survey". Archives of Sexual Behavior 35 (4): 427–35. doi:10.1007/s10508-006-9042-6. PMID 16900414.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-006-9042-6
  8. Rye, B. J.; Meaney, Glenn J. (2007). "Voyeurism: It Is Good as Long as We Do Not Get Caught". International Journal of Sexual Health 19: 47–56. doi:10.1300/J514v19n01_06.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1300%2FJ514v19n01_06
  9. Hurlbert, David (1992). "Voyeurism in an adult female with schizoid personality: A case report". Journal of Sex Education & Therapy 18: 17–21. doi:10.1080/01614576.1992.11074035.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F01614576.1992.11074035
  10. Abouesh, Ahmed; Clayton, Anita (1999). "Compulsive voyeurism and exhibitionism: A clinical response to paroxetine". Archives of Sexual Behavior 28 (1): 23–30. doi:10.1023/A:1018737504537. PMID 10097802.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1018737504537
  11. Rincover, Arnold (January 13, 1990). "Can Pornography Be Used as Treatment for Voyeurism?". Toronto Star: p. H2. 
  12. Jackson, B (1969). "A case of voyeurism treated by counterconditioning". Behaviour Research and Therapy 7 (1): 133–4. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(69)90058-8. PMID 5767619.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0005-7967%2869%2990058-8
  13. Becirovic, E.; Arnautalic, A.; Softic, R.; Avdibegovic, E. (2008). "Case of Successful treatment of voyeurism". European Psychiatry 23: S200. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.317.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.eurpsy.2008.01.317
  14. "Sexual Violence: Definitions". CDC.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/sexualviolence/definitions.html. 
  15. "Child Sexual Abuse Fact Sheet: For Parents, Teachers, and Other Caregivers". National Child Traumatic Stress Network. http://nctsn.org/sites/default/files/assets/pdfs/ChildSexualAbuseFactSheetFINAL_10_2_07.pdf. 
  16. "What Is Child Sexual Abuse?". National Sexual Violence Resource Center. http://nsvrc.org/sites/default/files/Publications_NSVRC_Media-Packet.pdf. 
  17. Hazelwood, R.R.; Warren, J. (February 1989). "The Serial Rapist: His Characteristics and Victims". FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: 18–25. 
  18. The Criminal Sexual Sadist https://www.fbi.gov/library/leb/leb.htm
  19. Branch, Legislative Services (2019-06-17). "Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Criminal Code". http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-46/page-78.html?texthighlight=voyeuristic+voyeurism#s-162.. 
  20. "R. v. Jarvis, 2019 SCC 10, [2019] 1 S.C.R. 488". https://www.scc-csc.ca/case-dossier/cb/2019/37833-eng.pdf. 
  21. Section 67 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003; brought into force by the Sexual Offences Act 2003 (Commencement) Order 2004
  22. (2006) All ER (D) 95 (Jan)
  23. (2010) Inner London Crown Court, R v Wilkins.
  24. "BBC Radio producer jailed over sex tapes". BBC. 4 March 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8549608.stm. 
  25. Brown, Jonathan; Philby, Charlotte; Milmo, Cahal (2013-07-19). "Computer consultant Mark Lancaster jailed for 16 months for voyeurism and trafficking after using 'sex for fees' website to dupe student into having sex with him". The Independent (London). https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/computer-consultant-mark-lancaster-jailed-for-16-months-for-voyeurism-and-trafficking-after-using-sex-for-fees-website-to-dupe-student-into-having-sex-with-him-8721078.html. 
  26. (2020) Court of Appeal, R v Richards.
  27. Bowcott, Owen (2020-01-28). "Filming partner without their consent during sex ruled a criminal offence" (in en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/jan/28/filming-partner-without-their-consent-during-sex-ruled-a-criminal-offence. 
  28. "Woman who was told man that filmed her naked without consent could not face charges wins fight for justice" (in en). 2020-01-29. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/naked-filming-no-consent-emily-hunt-cps-a9306921.html. 
  29. Savin, Jennifer (2020-03-26). "It's now illegal to take naked pictures of someone without permission" (in en-GB). https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/reports/a31903651/the-queen-accidentally-meme-boris-johnson/. 
  30. Norman-Eady, Sandra. "Voyeurism". https://www.cga.ct.gov/PS98/rpt%5Colr%5Chtm/98-R-1034.htm. 
  31. "Peeping Tom Law & Legal Definition". http://definitions.uslegal.com/p/peeping-tom. 
  32. "Invasion of Privacy Law & Legal Definition". Definitions.uslegal.com. http://definitions.uslegal.com/i/invasion-of-privacy/. 
  33. "Stephanie's Law". Criminaljustice.state.ny.us. http://criminaljustice.state.ny.us/legalservices/ch69_2003_stephanie_vidvoy.htm. 
  34. "Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013". Government of India. http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/TheCrimnalLaw030413.pdf. 
  35. Chong, Elena. "Marketing manager jailed 18 weeks for upskirt videos". Straits Times. http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/courts-crime/marketing-manager-jailed-18-weeks-for-upskirt-videos. 
  36. Yusof, Zaihan Mohamed. "Marketing manager jailed 18 weeks for upskirt videos". The New Paper. http://www.tnp.sg/news/singapore-news/man-jailed-secretly-filming-women-church-toilets. 
  37. Chelvan, Vanessa Paige. "Ex-church staff jailed 20 months for secretly filming women in the toilet". Today. http://www.todayonline.com/singapore/ex-church-staff-jailed-20-months-secretly-filming-women-toilet. 
  38. "Making Video Voyuerism a Crime". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/2100-500609_162-37168.html. 
  39. "Juxtapoz Magazine - Merry Alpern's Controversial "Dirty Windows" Series (NSFW)" (in en-gb). https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/photography/merry-alpern-s-controversial-dirty-windows-series-nsfw/. 
  40. "The Park de Kohei Yoshiyuki chez Radius Books & Yossi Milo" (in fr-fr). https://ascenseurvegetal.com/fr/photobook/1709-the-park.html. 
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