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HandWiki. Counterfeit Medicines Online. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34137 (accessed on 09 October 2026).
HandWiki. Counterfeit Medicines Online. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34137. Accessed October 09, 2026.
HandWiki. "Counterfeit Medicines Online" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34137 (accessed October 09, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 11). Counterfeit Medicines Online. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34137
HandWiki. "Counterfeit Medicines Online." Encyclopedia. Web. 11 November, 2022.
Counterfeit Medicines Online
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Medicine:Counterfeit_medicines_online

The online distribution of counterfeit medicines has been growing during the last decades. The role of Internet as an unregulated medicine market is the main reasons behind this phenomenon, especially the effectiveness of “spam” as a tool for advertising and promoting these products. Websites and social media are new powerful instruments that organized criminal groups could exploit to conduct their illicit businesses. The spread of this emerging threat worldwide poses a very high risk for the health and safety of unaware consumers.

social media online spam

References

  1. For more information see also WHO website: http://www.who.int/medicines/regulation/ssffc/en/
  2. Venhuis BJ, Oostlander AE, Giorgio DD, Mosimann R, du Plessis I. (2018). "Oncology drugs in the crosshairs of pharmaceutical crime.". The Lancet Oncology 19: e209. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30101-3.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS1470-2045%2818%2930101-3
  3. Zullo, Andrew R.; Dore, David D.; Galárraga, Omar (March 2015). "Development and validation of an index to predict personal prescription drug importation by adults in the United States". Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research 6 (1): 33–41. doi:10.1111/jphs.12088. PMID 27375777. PMC 4930104. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jphs.12088/full. Retrieved 27 July 2015. 
  4. Zullo, AR; Howe, CJ; Galárraga, O (2 February 2016). "Estimating the Effect of Health Insurance on Personal Prescription Drug Importation". Medical care research and review : MCRR 74 (2): 178–207. doi:10.1177/1077558716629039. PMID 26837427.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4970983
  5. Zullo, AR; Howe, CJ; Galárraga, O (2 February 2016). "Estimating the Effect of Health Insurance on Personal Prescription Drug Importation". Medical care research and review : MCRR 74 (2): 178–207. doi:10.1177/1077558716629039. PMID 26837427.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4970983
  6. Zullo, AR; Howe, CJ; Galárraga, O (2 February 2016). "Estimating the Effect of Health Insurance on Personal Prescription Drug Importation". Medical care research and review : MCRR 74 (2): 178–207. doi:10.1177/1077558716629039. PMID 26837427.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4970983
  7. For more in-depth information on the role of Internet in counterfeiting see UNICRI (2007), Counterfeiting: a global spread a global threat, chapter 5, p.89, available online at: http://counterfeiting.unicri.it/report2008.php
  8. Zullo, AR; Howe, CJ; Galárraga, O (2 February 2016). "Estimating the Effect of Health Insurance on Personal Prescription Drug Importation". Medical care research and review : MCRR 74 (2): 178–207. doi:10.1177/1077558716629039. PMID 26837427.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4970983
  9. See also AIFA-EDQM (2011), "Counterfeit Medical Products and Similar Crimes. Risk Communication"
  10. Venhuis BJ, de Voogt, P, Emke, E, Causanilles, A, Keizers, PHJ (2014). "Success of rogue online pharmacies: sewage study of sildenafil in the Netherlands". BMJ 349: g4317. doi:10.1136/bmj.g4317. PMID 24989165.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.g4317
  11. EAASM (2011), When is a medicine not a medicine?, online at http://www.eaasm.eu/
  12. INTERPOL, http://www.interpol.int/Crime-areas/Pharmaceutical-crime/Operations/Operation-Pangea
  13. FIRSTBROOK P. (2007), "Benchmarking Anti-spam Effectiveness", Gartner, September 18th, Securing the Network from Spam, Malware and other Threats. A Strategic Overview Featuring Gartner Content, 3rd issue, Clearswift, available online: http://www.clearswift.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/3674/Clearswift_issue3.pdf
  14. "Spam, a lot", The New York Times, published 13 January 2011. Article available here: https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/14/opinion/14fri4.html?_r=1&ref=spamelectronicmail
  15. For more information on organized crime involvement in counterfeiting activities see also UNICRI (2007), Counterfeiting: a global spread a global threat, chapter 6, p. 103
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