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HandWiki. Cigarette Filter. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33918 (accessed on 10 October 2026).
HandWiki. Cigarette Filter. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33918. Accessed October 10, 2026.
HandWiki. "Cigarette Filter" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33918 (accessed October 10, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 10). Cigarette Filter. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33918
HandWiki. "Cigarette Filter." Encyclopedia. Web. 10 November, 2022.
Cigarette Filter
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Engineering:Cigarette_filter

A cigarette filter is a component of a cigarette, along with cigarette paper, capsules and adhesives. It does not make cigarettes less unhealthy. The filter may be made from cellulose acetate fibre, paper or activated charcoal (either as a cavity filter or embedded into the cellulose acetate). Macroporous phenol-formaldehyde resins and asbestos have also been used in cigarette filters. The acetate and paper modify the particulate smoke phase by particle retention (filtration), and finely divided carbon modifies the gaseous phase (adsorption). Filters can reduce "tar" and nicotine smoke yields up to 50%, with a greater removal rate for other classes of compounds (e.g., phenols), but are ineffective in filtering toxins such as carbon monoxide. Most of these measured reductions occur only when the cigarette is smoked on a smoking machine; when a human smokes them, deliveries remain similar with or without a filter. Most factory-made cigarettes are equipped with a filter; those who roll their own can buy them from a tobacconist. The near-universal adoption of filters on cigarettes has not reduced harms to smokers; for instance, lung cancer rates have not declined. Filling a given length of cigarette with filter is cheaper than filling it with tobacco.

cellulose acetate cellulose filtration

References

  1. "The History of Filters". tobaccoasia.com. Archived from the original on August 24, 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20030824115139/http://www.tobaccoasia.com/news.asp?id=534. Retrieved 2008-05-18. 
  2. Leonard M. Schuman (1977), "Patterns of Smoking Behavior", in Murray E. Jarvik; Joseph W. Cullen; Ellen R. Gritz et al., Research on Smoking Behavior, NIDA Research Monograph, 17, pp. 36–65, http://archives.drugabuse.gov/pdf/monographs/17.pdf 
  3. Lynn T. Kozlowski (1983), "Physical Indicators of Actual Tar and Nicotine Yields of Cigarettes", in John Grabowski; Catherine S. Bell, Measurement in the Analysis and Treatment of Smoking Behavior, NIDA Research Monograph, 48, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, pp. 50–61, http://archives.drugabuse.gov/pdf/monographs/48.pdf 
  4. Kennedy, Pagan (2012-07-06). "Who Made That Cigarette Filter?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/magazine/who-made-that-cigarette-filter.html. Retrieved 2018-09-04. 
  5. Harris, Bradford (2011-05-01). "The intractable cigarette ‘filter problem’". Tobacco Control 20 (Suppl 1): –10-i16. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040113. ISSN 0964-4563. PMID 21504917. https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/20/Suppl_1/i10. Retrieved 2018-09-04. 
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  8. Werner Haller; Hermann Onusseit; Gerhard Gierenz; Werner Gruber; Richard D. Rich; Günter Henke; Lothar Thiele; Horst Hoffmann et al. (2007), "Adhesives", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, pp. 1–70, doi:10.1002/14356007.a01_221  https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a01_221
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  11. K. Rothwell (1999), Health effects of interactions between tobacco use and exposure to other agents, Environmental Health Criteria, World Health Organization, http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc211.htm 
  12. Jerome L. Schwartz (1977), "Smoking Cures: Ways to Kick an Unhealthy Habit", in Murray E. Jarvik; Joseph W. Cullen; Ellen R. Gritz et al., Research on Smoking Behavior, NIDA Research Monograph, 17, pp. 308–336, http://archives.drugabuse.gov/pdf/monographs/17.pdf 
  13. Michael A. H. Russell (1977), "Smoking Problems: An Overview", in Murray E. Jarvik; Joseph W. Cullen; Ellen R. Gritz et al., Research on Smoking Behavior, NIDA Research Monograph, 17, pp. 13–34, http://archives.drugabuse.gov/pdf/monographs/17.pdf 
  14. Anthony J. Alberg; Jonathan M. Samet (2010), "Epidemiology of Lung Cancer", in Robert J. Mason; V. Courtney Broaddus; Thomas R. Martin et al., Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 1 (5th ed.), Saunders, ISBN 978-1-4160-4710-0 
  15. Neal L. Benowitz; Paul G. Brunetta (2010), "Smoking Hazards and Cessation", in Robert J. Mason; V. Courtney Broaddus; Thomas R. Martin et al., Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 1 (5th ed.), Saunders, ISBN 978-1-4160-4710-0 
  16. Klaus Balser; Lutz Hoppe; Theo Eicher; Martin Wandel; Hans-Joachim Astheimer; Hans Steinmeier (2007), "Cellulose Esters", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, pp. 1–45, doi:10.1002/14356007.a05_419.pub2  https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a05_419.pub2
  17. Jerrold B. Leikin; Frank P. Paloucek, eds. (2008), Poisoning and Toxicology Handbook (4th ed.), Informa, pp. 494–496, ISBN 978-1-4200-4479-9 
  18. "Toxicity of cigarette butts, and their chemical components, to marine and freshwater fish". Tobacco Control 20: 25–29. 2011. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040170.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3088407
  19. "Cigarettes butts and the case for an environmental policy on hazardous cigarette waste". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 6: 1691–705. 2009. doi:10.3390/ijerph6051691.  https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph6051691
  20. "The world litters 4.5 trillion cigarette butts a year. Can we stop this?". The Houston Chronicle. http://blog.chron.com/sciguy/2010/05/the-world-litters-4-5-trillion-cigarette-butts-a-year-can-we-stop-this/. Retrieved 2014-09-16. 
  21. Frederic Beaudry (2017). "Are Cigarette Butts Biodegradable?". http://environment.about.com/od/pollution/fl/Are-Cigarette-Butts-Biodegradable.htm. 
  22. Aaron Cantú (2014). "New 'Green' Cigarette Butts Biodegrade Within Days—And Can Even Sprout Into Grass - The company Greenbutts is manufacturing a new filter to address most common litter problem". alternet.org. http://www.alternet.org/environment/new-green-cigarette-butts-biodegrade-within-days-and-can-even-sprout-grass. 
  23. "Accidents, fires: Price of littering goes beyond fines". Washington: State of Washington Department of Ecology. 2004-06-01. http://listserv.wa.gov/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0406A&L=ecology-news&F=&S=&P=643. 
  24. "Preparation of energy storage material derived from a used cigarette filter for a supercapacitor electrode". IOP Science 25: 34. 2014. http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0957-4484/25/34/345601/meta;jsessionid=6AD229C8CCE8FE4B20613E8171F79CE7.ip-10-40-2-73. 
  25. "No more butts: biodegradable filters a step to boot litter problem". Environmental Health News. 2012-08-14. http://www.environmentalhealthnews.org/ehs/newscience/2012/06/2012-0725-biodegradable-cigarette-filters. 
  26. Cecile Borkhataria; Cheyenne MacDonald (13 October 2017), "The bizarre project to teach CROWS to clean up city streets by collecting cigarette butts in exchange for treats", Daily Mail, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4975664/Startup-teaches-CROWS-collecti-cigarette-butts.html 
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