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HandWiki. Paschen's Law. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33675 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. Paschen's Law. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33675. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "Paschen's Law" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33675 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 09). Paschen's Law. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33675
HandWiki. "Paschen's Law." Encyclopedia. Web. 09 November, 2022.
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Paschen's law is an equation that gives the breakdown voltage, that is, the voltage necessary to start a discharge or electric arc, between two electrodes in a gas as a function of pressure and gap length. It is named after Friedrich Paschen who discovered it empirically in 1889. Paschen studied the breakdown voltage of various gases between parallel metal plates as the gas pressure and gap distance were varied: For a given gas, the voltage is a function only of the product of the pressure and gap length. The curve he found of voltage versus the pressure-gap length product (right) is called Paschen's curve. He found an equation that fit these curves, which is now called Paschen's law. At higher pressures and gap lengths, the breakdown voltage is approximately proportional to the product of pressure and gap length, and the term Paschen's law is sometimes used to refer to this simpler relation. However, this is only roughly true, over a limited range of the curve.
breakdown voltage
gas pressure
voltage
References
- Lieberman, Michael A.; Lichtenberg, Allan J. (2005). Principles of plasma discharges and materials processing (2nd ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley-Interscience. 546. ISBN 978-0471005773. OCLC 59760348. http://www.slideshare.net/elquseooso/principles-of-plasma-discharges-and-materials-processing-2nd-edition.
- Husain, E.; Nema, R. (August 1982). "Analysis of Paschen Curves for air, N2 and SF6 Using the Townsend Breakdown Equation". IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation EI-17 (4): 350–353. doi:10.1109/TEI.1982.298506. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109%2FTEI.1982.298506
- Tipler, Paul (1989). College physics. New York, NY: Worth Publishers. p. 467. ISBN 978-0879012687.
- Hourdakis, Emmanouel; Simonds, Brian J.; Zimmerman, Neil M. (2006). "Submicron gap capacitor for measurement of breakdown voltage in air". Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77 (3): 034702–034702–4. doi:10.1063/1.2185149. Bibcode: 2006RScI...77c4702H. https://zenodo.org/record/1231939.
- Electrical Discharges-How the spark, glow and arc work. http://www.physics.csbsju.edu/tk/370/jcalvert/dischg.htm.html
- J. Townsend, [The Theory of Ionization of Gases by Collision http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/8460026]. Constable, 1910. Section 17.
- Paschen, F. (1889). "Ueber die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drucken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz". Annalen der Physik 273 (5): 69–96. doi:10.1002/andp.18892730505. Bibcode: 1889AnP...273...69P. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fandp.18892730505
- J. Townsend, Electricity in Gases. Clarendon Press, 1915. Online: http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/4294747
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