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HandWiki. Secular Religion. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32999 (accessed on 25 September 2026).
HandWiki. Secular Religion. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32999. Accessed September 25, 2026.
HandWiki. "Secular Religion" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32999 (accessed September 25, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 04). Secular Religion. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32999
HandWiki. "Secular Religion." Encyclopedia. Web. 04 November, 2022.
Secular Religion
Edit

A secular religion is a communal belief system that often rejects or neglects the metaphysical aspects of the supernatural, commonly associated with traditional religion, instead placing typical religious qualities in earthly entities. Among systems that have been characterized as secular religions are capitalism, communism, anarchism, fascism, nationalism, Auguste Comte's Religion of Humanity and the Cult of Reason and Cult of the Supreme Being that developed after the French Revolution .

secular religions supernatural religion

References

  1. U. Beck/E. Beck-Gernsheim, The Normal Chaos of Love (1995) Chap. 6
  2. Paul C. Vitz, Psychology as Religion: The Cult of Self-worship (1994) p. 145
  3. H. Preuss/ K. Liese, Internationalism in the Olympic Movement (2011) p. 44
  4. B. W. Ritchie/D. Adair, Sport Tourism (2004) p. 1988
  5. Gentile, Emilio: Politics as Religion (2006) Princeton University Press
  6. "Political Religion -the influence of Ideological and Identity Orientation" (2009)
  7. Maier, Hans, ed (2004–2012) [1996-2003]. Totalitarismus und politische Religionen. Routledge. p. 108. ISBN 9780714685298. https://books.google.com/books?id=Wozo1W7giZQC&dq. 
  8. Gentile, Emilio: Politics as Religion (2006) Princeton University Press, s.xxii
  9. Morris, Benjamin Franklin: The Christian Life & Character of the Civil Institutions of the United States; Developed in the Official and Historical Annals of the Republic (1864) Philadelphia: George W. Childs
  10. Gentile, Emilio: Politics as Religion (2006) Princeton University Press, p.22
  11. For a compelling opinion on this important distinction, see Angela Astoria Kurtz, "God, not Caesar: Revisiting National Socialism as 'Political Religion'" in History of European Ideas, Vol. 35; No. 2 (June 2009)
  12. Angela Astoria Kurtz, "God, not Caesar: Revisiting National Socialism as 'Political Religion'" in History of European Ideas, Vol. 35; No. 2 (June 2009)
  13. Gentile, Emilio: Politics as Religion (2006) Princeton University Press, p.20
  14. Keller, Adolf (1936). Church and State on the European Continent. London. p. 68. 
  15. Voegelin, Eric (1999) [1938]. Die politischen Religionen. The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin, volume 5. University of Missouri Press. 
  16. Gentile, Emilio: Politics as Religion (2006) Princeton University Press, chapters 3-4
  17. Gentile, Emilio (2005). "Political Religion: A Concept and its Critics - A Critical Survey". Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 6 (1): 25. doi:10.1080/14690760500099770.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F14690760500099770
  18. Gamble, Richard: Savior Nation: Woodrow Wilson and a gospel of service (2001) Humanitas vol.XIV, nro.1
  19. Griffin, Roger Fascism, Totalitarianism and Political Religion, p. 7 2005Routledge https://books.google.com/books?id=FSgODum-CTUC&dq
  20. Gentile, Emilio: Politics as Religion (2006) Princeton University Press, chapters 2-4
  21. Maier, Hans, ed (2004–2012) [1996-2003]. Totalitarismus und politische Religionen. Routledge. pp. 110–111. ISBN 9780714685298. https://books.google.com/books?id=Wozo1W7giZQC&dq. 
  22. http://www.sullivan-county.com/identity/shanda.htm
  23. Kennedy, p. 345. (A Cultural History of the French Revolution)
  24. "The Sacralization of Politics in Fascist Italy". Harvard University Press. http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674784758. 
  25. Gentile, The Sacralization of Politics in Fascist Italy, p.ix.
  26. Eatwell, Roger (2003). "Reflections on Fascism and Religion". Totalitarian Movements and Politics Religions 4 (3): 145–166. doi:10.1080/14690760412331329991. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20080918095346/http://staff.bath.ac.uk/mlsre/ReflectionsonFascismandReligion.htm. 
  27. Burleigh, The Third Reich, (London: Macmillan, 2000) pp.8-9.
  28. N. Goodrick-Clarke, The Occult Roots of Nazism (Wellingborough: the Aquarian Press, 1985), and P. Levenda, Unholy Alliance (New York: Continuum, 2002).
  29. Gentile, p. 2
  30. F. A. Voigt, Unto Caesar (1938) p. 37
  31. Voigt, pp. 17–20, p. 71 and pp. 98–9
  32. Voigt, p. 203
  33. Aron, Raymond. The Opium of the Intellectuals. London: Secker & Warburg, 1957, pp. 265–294
  34. Quoted in Chris Wrigley, A. J. P. Taylor (2006) pp. 229 and 202
  35. Riegel, Klaus-Georg (June 2005). "Marxism‐Leninism as a political religion". Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 6 (1): 97–126. doi:10.1080/14690760500099788.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F14690760500099788
  36. Gebauer, Matthias (2006-08-18). "Hezbollah's Leader: War Turns Nasrallah Into a Cult Figure". Spiegel Online. http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/hezbollah-s-leader-war-turns-nasrallah-into-a-cult-figure-a-432406.html. 
  37. Brooks, David. "The Culture of Martyrdom" (in en-US). The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2002/06/the-culture-of-martyrdom/302506/. 
  38. Dershowitz, Alan (2006-08-10). "Hezbollah's Goal: "Going After [the Jews Worldwide""] (in en-US). https://www.huffingtonpost.com/alan-dershowitz/hezbollahs-goal-going-aft_b_26983.html. 
  39. Cusack, Robert. "'Sorry Nasrallah!' Lebanese Shia man who insulted Hizballah leader makes humiliating apology" (in en). alaraby. https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2017/10/27/lebanese-who-insulted-hizballah-leader-on-television-makes-humiliating-apology. 
  40. "South Beirut resident apologies to Hezbollah for expletive filled rant". The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon. 2017-10-26. https://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2017/Oct-26/424067-south-beirut-resident-apologies-to-hezbollah-for-expletive-filled-rant.ashx. 
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