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HandWiki. Sanism. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32496 (accessed on 20 September 2026).
HandWiki. Sanism. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32496. Accessed September 20, 2026.
HandWiki. "Sanism" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32496 (accessed September 20, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 02). Sanism. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32496
HandWiki. "Sanism." Encyclopedia. Web. 02 November, 2022.
Sanism
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Medicine:Sanism

Mentalism or sanism describes discrimination and oppression against a mental trait or condition a person has, or is judged to have. This discrimination may or may not be characterized in terms of mental disorder or cognitive impairment. The discrimination is based on numerous factors such as stereotypes about neurodivergence, for example autism, learning disorders, ADHD, bipolar, schizophrenia, and personality disorders, specific behavioral phenomena such as stuttering and tics, or intellectual disability. Like other forms of discrimination such as sexism and racism, mentalism involves multiple intersecting forms of oppression, complex social inequalities and imbalances of power. It can result in covert discrimination by multiple, small insults and indignities. It is characterized by judgments of another person's perceived mental health status. These judgments are followed by actions such as blatant, overt discrimination which may include refusal of service, or the denial of human rights. Mentalism impacts how individuals are treated by the general public, by mental health professionals, and by institutions, including the legal system. The negative attitudes involved may also be internalized. The terms mentalism, from "mental", and sanism, from "sane", have become established in some contexts, though concepts such as social stigma, and in some cases ableism, may be used in similar but not identical ways. While mentalism and sanism are used interchangeably, sanism is becoming predominant in certain circles, such as academics, those who identify as mad and mad advocates and in a socio-political context where sanism is gaining ground as a movement. The movement of sanism is an act of resistance among those who identify as mad, consumer survivors, and mental health advocates. In academia evidence of this movement can be found in the number of recent publications about sanism and social work practice. Mentalism tends to be referred as mental disability, distinguishing itself from ableism, which refers to physical disability.

social work mental health perceived mental health

References

  1. Ingram, Richard (May 2011). "Sanism in Theory and Practice". Second Annual Critical Inquiries Workshop. Vancouver, Canada: Centre for the Study of Gender, Social Inequities and Mental Health. Simon Fraser University. http://www.socialinequities.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Ingram.Sanism-in-Theory-and-Practice.CI_.2011.pdf. 
  2. Perlin, Michael L. (1993). "ADA and Persons with Mental Disabilities: Can Sanist Attitudes Be Undone?". Journal of Law and Health 8 (1): 15–45. http://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/jlh/vol8/iss1/4/. 
  3. Smith, Dorothy E.; David, Sara J. (1975). Women Look at Psychiatry. Vancouver: Press Gang Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 978-0889740006. https://archive.org/details/womenlookatpsych0000unse/page/44. 
  4. Hevesi, Denis (30 January 2010). "Judi Chamberlin, 65, Advocate for Mental Health Patients". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/31/us/31chamberlin.html. 
  5. "Disability History Timeline". Rehabilitation Research & Training Center on Independent Living Management. Temple University. 2002. http://isc.temple.edu/neighbor/ds/disabilityrightstimeline.htm. 
  6. Coni Kalinowski and Pat Risser (July 2000). "Identifying and Overcoming Mentalism". http://www.counterpsych.talkspot.com/uploads/23542/uploadedDocuments/Mentalism_07_00.pdf. 
  7. Reaume, Geoffrey (July 2002). "Lunatic to patient to person: nomenclature in psychiatric history and the influence of patients' activism in North America". International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 25 (4): 405–26. doi:10.1016/S0160-2527(02)00130-9. PMID 12613052.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0160-2527%2802%2900130-9
  8. Weller, Penelope (2012). New Law and Ethics in Mental Health Advance Directives: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Right to Choose. Routledge. p. 55. ISBN 978-1136159565. https://books.google.com/books?id=PzR2t__ZOeEC&pg=PA55. 
  9. Chamberlin, Judi (Summer 1990). "The Ex-Patients' Movement: Where We've Been and Where We're Going". The Journal of Mind and Behavior 11 (3): 323–336. http://www.power2u.org/articles/history-project/ex-patients.html. 
  10. L Sayce (1998) Stigma, discrimination and social exclusion: What's in a word? Journal of Mental Health, 7, 4, 331-343 http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/apl/cjmh/1998/00000007/00000004/art00002
  11. Sayce, L. (2000) From Psychiatric Patient to Citizen: Overcoming Discrimination and Social Exclusion Macmillan. ISBN:0-333-69890-8 (Pages 16/17). https://books.google.com/books?id=lPQOm76J6QYC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
  12. "medicinenevada.com". medicinenevada.com. http://www.medicinenevada.com/find_a_doctor/app-doctors/1/184/. 
  13. Published: August 20, 2011 4:01AM (2011-08-20). "Off to Hollywood: Local mental health advocate to receive award - Times-Gazette | Ashland & Ashland County, Ohio". Times-Gazette. http://www.times-gazette.com/local%20news/2011/08/20/off-to-hollywood-local-mental-health-advocate-to-receive-award. 
  14. null
  15. Anglicare Tasmania (2009) Experts by experience: strengthening the mental health consumer voice in Tasmania http://www.sswahs.nsw.gov.au/mhealth/content/pdf/Experts_by_Experience.pdf
  16. Arlen Kasdorf Discrimination against mental illness on the rise June 2011, The Uniter, Vol.16 No.15 http://uniter.ca/view/5661/
  17. John Clark Art Museum of the Mind Los Angeles Times, 12 July 1998 http://articles.latimes.com/1998/jul/12/entertainment/ca-2840
  18. David Oaks Let's find language more inclusive than the phrase "mentally ill"! MindFreedom International. Retrieved 12 December 2011, when stating Last Modified 9/9/11 http://www.mindfreedom.org/kb/mental-health-abuse/psychiatric-labels/not-mentally-ill
  19. David Oaks' personal blog http://www.davidwoak.com
  20. Clare Allen Loose-talking psychophobes show nothing but contempt 5 December 2007 https://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/dec/05/guardiansocietysupplement.mentalhealth
  21. 'Anti-oppressive practice': emancipation or appropriation? A Wilson; P Beresford British Journal of Social Work; Oct 2000; 30, 5; Research Library pg. 553 http://www.olc.edu/local_links/socialwork/OnlineLibrary/Wilson%20%26%20Beresford,%202000,%20Anti-oppressive%20practic,%20emancipation%20or%20appropriation.pdf
  22. Tom Mason, Caroline Carlisle, Caroline Watkins (eds) (2001) Stigma and Social Exclusion in Healthcare Chapter 17: Not in my back yard: Stigma from a personal perspective. Routledge ISBN:0-415-22200-1 https://books.google.com/books?id=pO0NAAAAQAAJ
  23. Mark Olden (2003) "Obituary: Pete Shaughnessey" The Guardian, p22, 23 January
  24. Wendy Chan, Dorothy E. Chunn, Robert J. Menzies (2005) Women, Madness and the Law: A Feminist Reader Routledge Cavendish, pg257, ISBN:1-904385-09-5 Pg257
  25. Lindow, V. (1995) "Power and rights: the psychiatric system survivor movement", in Jack, R. Empowerment in Community Care. London: Chapman and Hall. Cited by Kelly, A. Disability and Social Exclusion. University of Canterbury
  26. Perlin, Michael L. (October 2013). "Sanism and the Law". Virtual Mentor 15 (10): 878–885. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.10.msoc1-1310. PMID 24152781. http://virtualmentor.ama-assn.org/2013/10/msoc1-1310.html. 
  27. Perlin, M. (2009) 'His Brain Has Been Mismanaged with Great Skill': How Will Jurors Respond to Neuroimaging Testimony in Insanity Defense Cases? Akron Law Review, Vol. 42, No. 2, NYLS Legal Studies Research Paper (free full text) https://ssrn.com/abstract=%201336521
  28. Michael Perlin (2008) Competence in the law: from legal theory to clinical application https://books.google.com/books/about/Competence_in_the_law.html?id=NSewrw9g8coC
  29. Perlin, ML. (2003) Sanism in Clinical Teaching Clinical Law Review, Vol. 9, pp. 683-730 https://ssrn.com/abstract=336121
  30. Michael L. Perlin (2013) 'There Must Be Some Way Out of Here': Why the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is Potentially the Best Weapon in the Fight Against Sanism New York Law School, PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOL. & L. 462 (2013) https://ssrn.com/abstract=2283279
  31. Periln, ML (1994) Hospitalized Patients and the Right to Sexual Interaction: Beyond the Last Frontier 20 N.Y.U. Rev. L. & Soc. Change 517 (1992-1994) http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/nyuls20&div=25&id=&page=
  32. Perlin, ML. Looking at Non-Institutional Mental Disability Law Through the Sanism Filter NYLS Law Review, Forthcoming https://ssrn.com/abstract=345140
  33. Fraser, Susan (November 2008). "Sanism And The Legal Profession: Why Mad People Should Be Angry". Eleventh Colloquium on the Legal Profession: Professionalism and Serving Communities. Law Society of Upper Canada. http://www.lsuc.on.ca/media/eleventh_colloquium_suzan.pdf. 
  34. Perlin, Michael L. (Spring 2009). "'Simplify You, Classify You': Stigma, Stereotypes and Civil Rights in Disability Classification Systems". Georgia State University Law Review 25 (3): 607–639. http://readingroom.law.gsu.edu/gsulr/vol25/iss3/6/. 
  35. Bhui, Kamaldeep (25 April 2002). Racism and Mental Health: Prejudice and Suffering. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-84310-076-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=WNahbFDhF0kC. 
  36. Nair, Roshan das (30 November 2005). "Metaminorities and Mental Health: A model of vulnerability for Black and Minority Ethnic Queer Folk". 2nd Global Conference, Sexualities: Bodies, Desires, Practices. http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/ci/transformations/sexualities/s2/nair%20paper.pdf. 
  37. "A Libertarian Perspective On Depression And Madness". 29 July 2005. http://theicarusproject.net/articles/a-libertarian-perspective-on-depression-and-madness. 
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