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HandWiki. List of Species Found in Antarctica. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32328 (accessed on 25 September 2026).
HandWiki. List of Species Found in Antarctica. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32328. Accessed September 25, 2026.
HandWiki. "List of Species Found in Antarctica" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32328 (accessed September 25, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 01). List of Species Found in Antarctica. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32328
HandWiki. "List of Species Found in Antarctica." Encyclopedia. Web. 01 November, 2022.
List of Species Found in Antarctica
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biology:List_of_species_found_in_Antarctica

Antarctica is one of the most physically and chemically extreme terrestrial environments to be inhabited by lifeforms. The largest plants are mosses, and the largest animals that do not leave the continent are a few species of insects.

antarctica chemically plants

References

  1. Cary, S.C. (2010). "On the rocks: the microbiology of Antarctic Dry Valley soils". Nature Reviews Microbiology 8 (2): 129–138. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2281. PMID 20075927.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrmicro2281
  2. Zeglin, L.H. (2009). "Landscape distribution of microbial activity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys: linked biotic processes, hydrology, and geochemistry in a cold desert ecosystem". Ecosystems 12 (4): 562–573. doi:10.1007/s10021-009-9242-8.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10021-009-9242-8
  3. Simmons, B.L. (2009). "Long-term experimental warming reduces soil nematode populations in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica". Soil Biology & Biochemistry 41 (10): 2052–2060. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.07.009.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.soilbio.2009.07.009
  4. Baskin, Yvonne. Under Ground: How Creatures of Mud and Dirt Shape Our World. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2005. 14-37.
  5. Cameron, R.E. "Cold desert characteristics and problems relevant to other arid lands." Arid Lands In Perspective (1969): 169-205.
  6. Cowan, D.A. (2009). "Cryptic microbial communities in Antarctic deserts". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106 (47): 19749–19750. doi:10.1073/pnas.0911628106. PMID 19923427. Bibcode: 2009PNAS..10619749C.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2785236
  7. Pearce, D.A. (2009). "Microorganims in the atmosphere over Antarctica". FEMS Microbiology Ecology 69 (2): 143–157. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00706.x. PMID 19527292.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6941.2009.00706.x
  8. Adams, B.J. (2006). "Diversity and distribution of Victoria Land biota". Soil Biology & Biochemistry 38 (10): 3003–3018. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.030.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.soilbio.2006.04.030
  9. Kopalová, Kateřina; Nedbalová, Linda; de Haan, Myriam; van de Vijver, Bart (19 August 2011). "Description of five new species of the diatom genus Luticola (Bacillariophyta, Diadesmidaceae) found in lakes of James Ross Island (Maritime Antarctic Region)" (in English). Phytotaxa (Auckland, New Zealand: Magnolia Press) 27 (1): 44–60. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.27.1.5. ISSN 1179-3163. OCLC 5966462982. https://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.27.1.5. Retrieved 13 November 2018. 
  10. Stevens, M.I.; Hogg, I.D. (2003). "Long-term isolation and recent range expansion from glacial refugia revealed for the endemic springtail Gomphiocephalus hodgsoni from Victoria Land, Antarctica". Molecular Ecology 12 (9): 2357–2369. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.01907.x. PMID 12919474.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-294x.2003.01907.x
  11. Gorman, James (February 6, 2013). "Bacteria Found Deep Under Antarctic Ice, Scientists Say". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/07/science/living-bacteria-found-deep-under-antarctic-ice-scientists-say.html. Retrieved February 6, 2013. 
  12. Fox, Douglas (August 20, 2014). "Lakes under the ice: Antarctica's secret garden". Nature 512 (7514): 244–246. doi:10.1038/512244a. PMID 25143097. Bibcode: 2014Natur.512..244F. http://www.nature.com/news/lakes-under-the-ice-antarctica-s-secret-garden-1.15729. Retrieved August 21, 2014. 
  13. Mack, Eric (August 20, 2014). "Life Confirmed Under Antarctic Ice; Is Space Next?". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/ericmack/2014/08/20/life-confirmed-under-antarctic-ice-is-space-next/. Retrieved August 21, 2014. 
  14. Bercovich, Andrés; Vazquez, Susana C.; Yankilevich, Patricio; Coria, Silvia H.; Foti, Marcelo; Hernández, Edgardo; Vidal, Alejandro; Ruberto, Lucas et al. (2008). "Bizionia argentinensis sp. nov., isolated from surface marine water in Antarctica". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (10): 2363–2367. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65599-0. PMID 18842857.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1099%2Fijs.0.65599-0
  15. Arenz, B. E.; B. W. Held; J. A. Jurgens; R. A. Blanchette (2011). "Fungal colonization of exotic substrates in Antarctica". Fungal Diversity 49: 13–22. doi:10.1007/s13225-010-0079-4. http://forestpathology.cfans.umn.edu/pdf/Fungal%20colonization%20of%20exotic%20substrates%20in%20Antarctica.pdf. 
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