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| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
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Trindade and Martin Vaz (Portuguese: Trindade e Martim Vaz, pronounced [tɾĩˈdadʒi i mɐʁˈtʃĩ ˈvas]) is an archipelago located in the South Atlantic Ocean about 1,100 kilometres (680 miles) east of the coast of the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo, of which it forms a part. The archipelago has a total area of 10.4 square kilometres (4.0 square miles) and a population of 32 (Brazilian Navy personnel).The archipelago consists of five islands and several rocks and stacks; Trindade is the largest island, with an area of 10.1 square kilometres (3.9 square miles); about 49 kilometres (30 miles) east of it are the tiny Martin Vaz islets, with a total area of 0.3 square kilometres (30.0 hectares). The islands are of volcanic origin and have rugged terrain. They are largely barren, except for the southern part of Trindade. They were discovered in 1502 by Portuguese explorer Estêvão da Gama and stayed Portuguese until they became part of Brazil at its independence in 1822. From 1895 to 1896, Trindade was occupied by the United Kingdom until an agreement with Brazil was reached. During the period of British occupation, Trindade was known as South Trinidad. The islands are situated some 2,100 kilometres (1,300 miles) southwest of Ascension Island and 2,550 kilometres (1,580 miles) west of Saint Helena, and the distance to the west coast of Africa is 4,270 kilometres (2,650 miles).
References
- Fund, W. 2014. Trinidade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/156706/
- Siciliano S., Heissler L.V., Ilha B.E., Wickert C.J., Moura F. de J., Moreno B.I., 2016, Humpback whales off Trindade Island, Brazil: the last piece of the puzzle is in place?, SC66-b-SH-02, International Whaling Commission scientific reports, Retrieved on August 11, 2016 https://archive.iwc.int/pages/search.php?search=!collection24457&bc_from=themes
- National Geographic Magazine annotated map of Atlantic Ocean, dated July 1939
- Ashelford, Jane. In the English Service: The Life of Philippe D'Auvergne. Jersey Heritage Trust. ISBN 978-0955250880.
- "To Be Prince of Trinidad: He Is Baron Harden-Hickey", New York Tribune, November 5, 1893, p 1
- Bryk, William, "News & Columns", New York Press, v 15 no 50 (December 10, 2002) http://www.nypress.com/15/50/news&columns/oldsmoke.cfm
- "Principality of Trinidad: John H. Flagler's Son-in-Law Is Its Sovereign, Self-Proclaimed as James I", New York Times , June 10, 1894, p 23 https://www.nytimes.com/1894/06/10/archives/principality-of-trinidad-john-h-flaglera-soninlaw-is-its-sovereign.html
- Bryk (2002) http://www.nypress.com/15/50/news&columns/oldsmoke.cfm
- "Trinidad's Prince Awake: An Appeal to Washington Against Brazil and Great Britain", New York Times, August 1, 1895, p 1 https://www.nytimes.com/1895/08/01/archives/trinidads-prince-awake-an-appeal-to-washington-against-brazil-and.html
- "Grand Chancellor of Trinidad: Significant Phases in the Ascent of Male Comte de la Boissiere to His Elevated Diplomatic Post", New York Times, August 2, 1895, p 9 https://www.nytimes.com/1895/08/02/archives/grand-chancellor-of-trinidad-significant-phases-in-the-ascent-of.html
- "Trinidad's Case in Washington: Courteously, the Chancellor Would Permit Britain's Cable Station and Use It, but There Is Graver Trouble", New York Times, August 7, 1895, p 1 https://www.nytimes.com/1895/08/07/archives/trinidads-case-in-washington-courteously-the-chancellor-would.html
- "Trinidad's Diplomat in Action: M. de la Boissiere Asks that His Sovereign's Land Be Recognized as a Neutral Principality", New York Times, August 9, 1895, p 5 https://www.nytimes.com/1895/08/09/archives/trinidads-diplomat-in-action-m-de-la-boissiere-asks-that-his.html
- "Trinidad's Prince at Work: Grand Chancellor de la Boissiere Tells How the War Between Great Britain and Brazil Will Be Averted", New York Times, Jan 24, 1896, p 9 https://www.nytimes.com/1896/01/24/archives/no-use-for-staten-isle-controller-fitch-and-corporation-coun-sel.html
- Flags of the World - Trindade and Martins Vaz Islands (Brazil) (sic) http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/br-trin.html
- Cooper, James; Arnold Kludas; Joachim Pein (1989). The Hamburg South America Line. Kendal: The World Ship Society. pp. 13–14, 64. ISBN 0-905617-50-9.
