Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy

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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Earth:Hot_dry_rock_geothermal_energy

Hot dry rock (HDR) is an extremely abundant source of geothermal energy that is difficult to access. A vast store of thermal energy is contained within hot – but essentially dry and impervious crystalline basement rocks found almost everywhere deep beneath Earth's surface. A concept for the extraction of useful amounts of geothermal energy from HDR originated at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1970, and Laboratory researchers were awarded a U.S. patent covering it. This technology has been tested extensively with multiple deep wells drilled in several field areas around world including the USA, Japan, Australia, France, and the UK and investment of billions of research funds. It continues to be the focus along with a related technique called EGS for sizable government-led research studies involving costly deep drilling and rock studies. Thermal energy has been recovered in reasonably sustainable tests over periods of years and in some cases electrical power generation was also achieved. However no commercial projects are ongoing or likely due to the high cost and limited capacity of the engineered reservoirs, associated wells, and pumping systems. Commonly tests have opened just one or more fractures such that the reservoir surface heat exchange areas are limited. For this technology to successfully compete with other energy sources, drilling costs would have to drop drastically or new approaches that result in much more extensive, complex, and higher rate flow paths through actual fracture networks would have to be established. The enthusiasim evident here on Wikipedia and in the research community is justified by the vast extent of the energy supply and the low environmental impact of the method however significant breakthroughs will be required to make this a commercial energy resource.

environmental impact geothermal energy thermal energy

References

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Nicolas Cuenot, Louis Dorbath, Michel Frogneux, Nadège Langet (2010). "Microseismic Activity Induced Under Circulation Conditions at the EGS Project of Soultz-Sous-Forêts (France)". Proceedings World Geothermal Conference. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287881314.
Justine MOUCHOT, Albert GENTER, Nicolas CUENOT, Olivier SEIBEL, Julia SCHEIBER, Clio BOSIA, Guillaume RAVIER (February 12–14, 2018). "First Year of Operation from EGS geothermal Plants in Alsace, France: Scaling Issues". 43rd Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering (Stanford University): 1, 3. https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/db/IGAstandard/record_detail.php?id=28253. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
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