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References

1. "Tiānwén xùn". Huainanzi. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B7%AE%E5%8D%97%E5%AD%90/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E8%A8%93. "日出于暘谷，浴于咸池，拂于扶桑，是謂晨明。登于扶桑，爰始將行，是謂朏明。至于曲阿，是謂旦明。至于曾泉，是謂蚤食。至于桑野，是謂晏食。至于衡陽，是謂隅中。至于昆吾，是謂正中。至于鳥次，是謂小還。至于悲谷，是謂餔時。至于女紀，是謂大還。至于淵虞，是謂高舂。至于連石，是謂下舂。至于悲泉，爰止其女，爰息其馬，是謂縣車。至于虞淵，是謂黃昏。至于蒙谷，是謂定昏。" 
2. Sôma, Mitsuru; Kawabata, Kin-aki; Tanikawa, Kiyotaka (2004-10-25). "Units of Time in Ancient China and Japan" (in en). Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 56 (5): 887–904. doi:10.1093/pasj/56.5.887. ISSN 0004-6264. Bibcode: 2004PASJ...56..887S. http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/56/5/887. 
3. Stephenson, F. Richard; Green, David A. (2002). Historical supernovae and their remnants. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 15–16. ISBN 0-19-850766-6. 
4. Xu Shen, ed. "Volume eleven". Shuowen Jiezi. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97/11. "漏：以銅受水，刻節，晝夜百刻。 Translation: The water clock holds the water in the copper pot, and marks the scale on the rule. There are 100 marks which represent a day." 
5. 600 is the LCM of 100 and 24, so the time between kè and shí scale may be ​1⁄6, ​1⁄3, ​1⁄2, ​2⁄3, or ​5⁄6 major kè. The ​1⁄6 major kè is the common factor
6. Gujin Tushu Jicheng. https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90/%E6%9B%86%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%99%E7%B7%A8/%E6%9B%86%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B8/%E7%AC%AC099%E5%8D%B7. 
7. Note that the beginning of the central hour doesn't occur at the same time as the fourth major kè. The difference between the start of the central hour and the fourth major kè is always between 1 and 5 minor kè.
8. Martzloff, Jean-Claude (2000). "Chinese mathematical astronomy". in Selin, Helaine. Mathematics across cultures. Dordrecht: Kluwer. pp. 373–407. ISBN 0-7923-6481-3. 
9. "Taishō Tripiṭaka 1425". Móhēsēngzhī Lǜ. http://tripitaka.cbeta.org/en/T22n1425_017. "須臾者，二十念名一瞬頃，二十瞬名一彈指，二十彈指名一羅豫，二十羅豫名一須臾。日極長時有十八須臾，夜極短時有十二須臾，夜極長時有十八須臾，日極短時有十二須臾。 Rough translation: Definition of xūyú: 20 niàn is 1 shùnqǐng. 20 shùn is 1 tánzhǐ. 20 tánzhǐ is one luóyù. 20 luóyù is one xūyú. In the longest day there are 18 xūyú, and in the shortest night there are 12 xūyú. In the shortest day there are 12 xūyú and in the longest night there are 18 xūyú." 
10. This 30-part day is identical to the Hindu muhūrta.
11. "Zhì dì 14 tiānwén shàng". Book of Sui. "Water clocks" (漏刻). https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B719. "晝有朝，有禺，有中，有晡，有夕。夜有甲、乙、丙、丁、戊。 Rough translation: Daytime has morning, midmorning, noon, late afternoon, evening. Night has first, second, third, fourth, fifth." 
12. This assumes that the diǎn haven't moved; or if they have, that sāngēng still falls at exactly midnight.
13. Petersen, Jens Østergård (1992). "The Taiping Jing and the A.D. 102 Clepsydra Reform". Acta Orientalia (Copenhagen) 53: 122–158. https://www.academia.edu/12945035/The_Taiping_Jing_%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E7%B6%93_and_the_A.D._102_Clepsydra_Reform.