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HandWiki. Courage. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31768 (accessed on 25 September 2026).
HandWiki. Courage. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31768. Accessed September 25, 2026.
HandWiki. "Courage" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31768 (accessed September 25, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 28). Courage. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31768
HandWiki. "Courage." Encyclopedia. Web. 28 October, 2022.
Courage
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Social:Courage

Courage (also called bravery or valor) is the choice and willingness to confront agony, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation. Valor is courage or bravery, especially in battle. Physical courage is bravery in the face of physical pain, hardship, even death, or threat of death; while moral courage is the ability to act rightly in the face of popular opposition, shame, scandal, discouragement, or personal loss. The classical virtue of fortitude (andreia, fortitudo) is also translated "courage", but includes the aspects of perseverance and patience. In the Western tradition, notable thoughts on courage have come from philosophers Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, and Kierkegaard, as well as Christian beliefs and texts. In the Hindu tradition, mythology has given many examples of bravery, valor and courage, with examples of both physical and moral courage exemplified. In the Eastern tradition, some thoughts on courage were offered by the Tao Te Ching.

moral courage valor bravery

References

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  2. Putman 2001, pp. 464.
  3. Putman 2001, pp. 463.
  4. Putman 2001, pp. 466.
  5. Putman 2001, pp. 465.
  6. Putman 2001, pp. 467.
  7. Walton 1986, pp. 56–58.
  8. Plato, Cooper & Hutchinson 1997, pp. 675–86.
  9. Plato, Cooper & Hutchinson 1997, pp. 1061–75.
  10. Plato, Cooper & Hutchinson 1997, pp. 2061–75.
  11. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1103b15-20, 1104a15-25, 1104b1-10, 1107a30-1107b5, 1108b15-35, 1109a5-15, 1115a5-1117b25, 1129b20-5, 1137a20-5, 144b5-10, 1167a20, 1177a30-b1, in Aristotle, Translation, Introduction, and Commentary, Broadie, Sarah, & Rowe, C., Oxford University Press, 2002.
  12. Attributed to Pericles by Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. II.40. [14]
  13. McDonnell 2006, p. 129.
  14. De Inventione, II, LIII
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  17. Ambrose of Milan. De Officiis Ministrorum, I.35.176
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  19. Chapter 67 C. Ganson translation)
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  26. Hume 1751, p. 666.
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  34. Nietzsche 1989, p. 65.
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  37. Rate, Clarke & Sternberg 2007, pp. 81.
  38. Rate, Clarke & Sternberg 2007, pp. 83.
  39. Rate, Clarke & Sternberg 2007, pp. 84.
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  42. Rate, Clarke & Sternberg 2007, pp. 96.
  43. Wootton J (2011). "President's message. Clinical courage.". Can J Rural Med 16 (2): 45–6. PMID 21453603. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21453603. 
  44. Mallinson, Tom (2020). "Clinical courage". Journal of Paramedic Practice 12 (11): 429. doi:10.12968/jpar.2020.12.11.429. ISSN 1759-1376.  https://dx.doi.org/10.12968%2Fjpar.2020.12.11.429
  45. Konkin, Jill; Grave, Laura; Cockburn, Ella; Couper, Ian; Stewart, Ruth Alison; Campbell, David; Walters, Lucie (2020). "Exploration of rural physicians' lived experience of practising outside their usual scope of practice to provide access to essential medical care (clinical courage): an international phenomenological study". BMJ Open 10 (8): e037705. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037705. ISSN 2044-6055. PMID 32847915.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7451271
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  48. Miller 2000, pp. 101–102.
  49. Revelation 5:5 https://www.esv.org/Revelation+5:5
  50. Walton 1986, pp. 199–202.
  51. ""Fortitude", Merriam-Webster". https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fortitude. 
  52. "Rama, Kim. "Fortitude: The Courage of Staying", Austin Classical School". https://www.austinclassical.org/2019/10/31/fortitude-the-courage-of-staying/. 
  53. Rickaby, John (1909). The Catholic Encyclopedia. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06147a.htm. 
  54. Titus, Craig Steven. Resilience and the Virtue of Fortitude, CUA Press, 2006, p. 179 ISBN:9780813214634 https://books.google.com/books?id=9TG1cyAUPgUC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=fortitude%20v%20courage
  55. "Bio | Ivan Allen Prize". Georgia Institute of Technology. http://ivanallenprize.gatech.edu/ivanallenjr_bio. 
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