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HandWiki. Oligarchy. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31732 (accessed on 26 September 2026).
HandWiki. Oligarchy. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31732. Accessed September 26, 2026.
HandWiki. "Oligarchy" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31732 (accessed September 26, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 28). Oligarchy. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31732
HandWiki. "Oligarchy." Encyclopedia. Web. 28 October, 2022.
Oligarchy
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Philosophy:Oligarchy

Oligarchy (from el ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía); from ὀλίγος (olígos) 'few', and ἄρχω (arkho) 'to rule or to command') is a form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people. These people may be distinguished by nobility, wealth, family ties, education or corporate, religious or political, military control. Such states are often controlled by families who typically pass their influence from one generation to the next, but inheritance is not a necessary condition for the application of this term. Throughout history, oligarchies have often been tyrannical, relying on public obedience or oppression to exist. Aristotle pioneered the use of the term as a synonym for rule by the rich, for which another term commonly used today is plutocracy. Although an oligarchy is usually seen as tyrannical, most modern states rely on some form of oligarchy, usually in the form of representative officials deciding national policy. The concern of tyranny usually occurs when the rule of law is violated or when there's limited separation of powers. Especially during the fourth century BCE, after the restoration of democracy from oligarchical coups, the Athenians used the drawing of lots for selecting government officers to counteract what the Athenians saw as a tendency toward oligarchy in government if a professional governing class were allowed to use their skills for their own benefit. They drew lots from large groups of adult volunteers to pick civil servants performing judicial, executive, and administrative functions (archai, boulē, and hēliastai). They even used lots for posts, such as judges and jurors in the political courts (nomothetai), which had the power to overrule the Assembly.

ὀλιγαρχία ὀλίγος rule of law

References

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  29. "Jimmy Carter: America Is Now an 'Oligarchy'". https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/videos/jimmy-carter-u-s-is-an-oligarchy-with-unlimited-political-bribery-20150731. 
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