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HandWiki. Relation (History of Concept). Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31530 (accessed on 25 September 2026).
HandWiki. Relation (History of Concept). Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31530. Accessed September 25, 2026.
HandWiki. "Relation (History of Concept)" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31530 (accessed September 25, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 27). Relation (History of Concept). In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31530
HandWiki. "Relation (History of Concept)." Encyclopedia. Web. 27 October, 2022.
Relation (History of Concept)
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The concept of relation as a term used in general philosophy has a long and complicated history. One of the interests for the Greek philosophers lay in the number of ways in which a particular thing might be described, and the establishment of a relation between one thing and another was one of these. A second interest lay in the difference between these relations and the things themselves. This was to culminate in the view that the things in themselves could not be known except through their relations. Debates similar to these continue into modern philosophy and include further investigations into types of relation and whether relations exist only in the mind or the real world or both. An understanding of types of relation is important to an understanding of relations between many things including those between people, communities and the wider world. Most of these are complex relations but of the simpler, analytical relations out of which they are formed there are generally held to be three types, although opinion on the number may differ. The three types are spatial relations which include geometry and number, relations of cause and effect, and the classificatory relations of similarity and difference that underlie knowledge. Going by different names in the sciences, mathematics, and the arts they can be thought of as three large families and it is the history of these that will be dealt with here.

spatial relations modern philosophy large families

References

  1. Aristotle Metaphysics 1020b; cf De Generatione 333a
  2. Plato Parmenides 129, cf 136
  3. Aristotle Categories in Aristotle's Categories and De Interpretatione (tr. Ackrill J.L., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1963) Ch.4
  4. Long A. & Sedley D. The Hellenistic Philosophers (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1987) p.206
  5. Aristotle Metaphysics 998b ff; cf 1029a & 1070a; Physics 185a; Analytica Posteriora 83b
  6. Long & Sedley, op.cit. p.480
  7. En Brit sv Speusippus
  8. Plotinus Enneads
  9. Thomas Aquinas Summa Theologiae (Blackfriars, 1967) p.30 (note); cf St.Augustine The Trinity (Catholic University of America Press, 1963) p.180
  10. Gilby T. St. Thomas Aquinas: Theological Texts (Oxford University Press)
  11. Pegis A.C. Introduction to St. Thomas Aquinas (Random House, 1948) S.T. Q13.A7
  12. Hobbes T. Leviathan (Blackwell, Oxford, 1946) p.13
  13. Locke J. Essay Concerning Human Understanding (J.F.Dove, London, 1828) pp. 367-372; 4.1.2-4.1.7
  14. Hume D. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (Cohen R. (ed.) Bantam, London, 1965) p.57
  15. Kant I. Critique of Pure Reason (tr. Smith N.K., Macmillan, London, 1968)
  16. e.g. Peter of Spain and William of Sherwood
  17. Schopenhauer A. The World as Will and Representation (tr. Payne E., Dover Publications, New York, 1966) p.459
  18. Stace W.T. The Philosophy of Hegel (Macmillan & Co., London, 1924) p.70
  19. Peirce C.S. Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce (Hartshorne C. & Weiss P. (eds.) Harvard University Press, 1931) Vol I
  20. Wittgenstein op.cit. pp.23 & 61
  21. Peirce op.cit. pp. 170-176
  22. Peirce op.cit. Vol II, p.159; cf Wittgenstein op.cit. p.123
  23. Passmore J. A Hundred Years of Philosophy, 1957 (Penguin, 1968) pp.58,108, ; cf Peirce op.cit. Vol II, p.267
  24. Russell B. Analysis of Mind (George Allen & Unwin, London 1921) pp.10 & 23
  25. Wittgenstein L. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, 1921 (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1961) p.37
  26. Wittgenstein L. Philosophical Investigations, 1953 (tr. Anscombe G., Blackwell, Oxford, 1978) p.32 ff
  27. Passmore op.cit. p.207
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