Cortes of Cádiz

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The Cortes of Cádiz was a revival of the traditional cortes (Spanish parliament), which as an institution had not functioned for many years, but it met as a single body, rather than divided into estates as with previous ones. The General and Extraordinary Cortes that met in the port of Cádiz starting 24 September 1810 "claimed legitimacy as the sole representative of Spanish sovereignty", following the French invasion and occupation of Spain during the Napoleonic Wars and the abdication of the monarch Ferdinand VII and his father Charles IV. It met as one body, and its members represented the entire Spanish Empire, that is, not only Spain but also Spanish America and the Philippines. The Cortes of Cádiz was seen then, and by historians today, as a major step towards liberalism and democracy in the history of Spain and Spanish America. The liberal Cortes drafted and ratified the Spanish Constitution of 1812, which established a constitutional monarchy and eliminated many institutions that privileged some groups over others.

cádiz spain legitimacy

References

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Articles 18–26 of the Constitution. Spain, The Political Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy. Alicante: Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes, 2003. http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/c1812/12159396448091522976624/index.htm
Luxan, Manuel (1810) (PDF). Reglamento para el gobierno interior de las Cortes. http://www.congreso.es/docu/blog/reglamento_cortes_1810.pdf. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
Martín Olalla, José María (3 September 2018). "La gestión de la estacionalidad" (in es). El Mundo (Unidad Editorial). http://www.elmundo.es/opinion/2018/09/03/5b8bd39046163f9c628b462e.html.
Chiaramonte, José Carlos (2010). Fundamentos intelectuales y políticos de las independencias: Notas para una nueva historia intelectual de Iberoamérica. Teseo. pp. 113–. ISBN 978-987-1354-56-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=XEA2-Fe4utgC&pg=PA113. For Hispanic America, [...], the Creoles claimed that their political connection was with the Castilian monarchy, not the Spanish nation, and that the throne being vacant, they had recovered their sovereignty. [...] The new sovereign entities, which considered themselves heirs to the sovereignty of the Castilian crown, [...] the sovereign bodies considered representative of the cities, and the provinces, or Latin American States, rejected decisions made without their consent.

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