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References

1. Sharf 2014, p. 942.
2. Sharf, Robert (October 2014). "Mindfulness and Mindlessness in Early Chan". Philosophy East and West 64 (4): 943. ISSN 0031-8221. http://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/sharf/documents/Sharf_Mindfulness%20and%20Mindlessness.pdf. Retrieved 2015-12-03. "Even so, your Majesty, sati, when it arises, calls to mind dhammas that are skillful and unskillful, with faults and faultless, inferior and refined, dark and pure, together with their counterparts: these are the four establishings of mindfulness, these are the four right endeavors, these are the four bases of success, these are the five faculties, these are the five powers, these are the seven awakening-factors, this is the noble eight-factored path, this is calm, this is insight, this is knowledge, this is freedom. Thus the one who practices yoga resorts to dhammas that should be resorted to and does not resort to dhammas that should not be resorted to; he embraces dhammas that should be embraced and does not embrace dhammas that should not be embraced.". 
3. Sharf 2014, p. 943.
4. Quotes from Gethin, Rupert M.L. (1992), The Buddhist Path to Awakening: A Study of the Bodhi-Pakkhiȳa Dhammā. BRILL's Indological Library, 7. Leiden and New York: BRILL
5. Williams 2000, p. 46.
6. Frauwallner, E. (1973), History of Indian Philosophy, trans. V.M. Bedekar, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. Two volumes., pp.150 ff
7. Vetter 1988.
8. T. W. Rhys Davids, tr., 1881, Buddhist Suttas, Clarendon Press, p. 107. https://books.google.com/books?id=ciqzXBSFkp8C
9. D. J. Gogerly, "On Buddhism", Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1845, pp. 7-28 and 90-112. https://books.google.com/books?id=5gaMCEjql_4C
10. Davids, 1881, p. 145.
11. The Wheel of the Law: Buddhism Illustrated From Siamese Sources by the Modern Buddhist, A Life of Buddha, and an Account of the Phrabat by Henry Alabaster, Trubner & Co., London: 1871 pg 197[1]
12. Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., 2002
13. Lecture, Stanford University Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education, c 18:03 [2]
14. TRANSLATOR FOR THE BUDDHA: AN INTERVIEW WITH BHIKKHU BODHI http://www.inquiringmind.com/Articles/Translator.html
15. Monier-Williams Online Dictionary. N.B.: these definitions are simplified and wikified. http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/monier/index.html
16. Bernhard Karlgren, 1923, Analytic Dictionary of Chinese and Sino-Japanese, Paul Geunther, p. 207. Dover reprint.
17. William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous, 1937, A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms: with Sanskrit and English Equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali Index. http://www.acmuller.net/soothill/data/s5f/s5ff5.html
18. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism http://buddhism-dict.net/cgi-bin/xpr-ddb.pl?5f.xml+id('b5ff5')
19. James H. Austin (2014), Zen-Brain Horizons: Toward a Living Zen, MIT Press, p.83
20. Buddhadasa, Heartwood of the Bodhi-tree
21. Polak 2011.
22. Gethin, Rupert, Sayings of the Buddha: New Translations from the Pali Nikayas (Oxford World's Classics), 2008, p. 142.
23. Gethin: "The sutta is often read today as describing a pure form of insight (vipassanā) meditation that bypasses calm (samatha) meditation and the four absorptions (jhāna), as outlined in the description of the Buddhist path found, for example, in the Sāmaññaphala-sutta [...] The earlier tradition, however, seems not to have always read it this way, associating accomplishment in the exercise of establishing mindfulness with abandoning of the five hindrances and the first absorption."[21]
24. Frauwallner, E. (1973), History of Indian Philosophy, trans. V.M. Bedekar, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. Two volumes., pp.150 ff
25. Buddhadasa 2014, p. 78-80, 101-102, 117 (note 42).
26. "Mindfulness and the Mind," by Subhuti. Madhyamavani Online http://madhyamavani.fwbo.org/8/mindfulness.html
27. [I]n Buddhist discourse, there are three terms that together map the field of mindfulness [...] [in their Sanskrit variants] smṛti (Pali: sati), samprajaña (Pali: Sampajañña) and apramāda (Pali: appamada).[23]
28. "The Nature of Mindfulness and Its Role in Buddhist Meditation" A Correspondence between B.A. wallace and the Venerable Bikkhu Bodhi, Winter 2006, p.4 http://shamatha.org/sites/default/files/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Correspondence.pdf
29. According to this correspondence, Ven. Nyanaponika spend his last ten years living with and being cared for by Bodhi. Bodhi refers to Nyanaponika as "my closest kalyāṇamitta in my life as a monk."
30. Dictionary.com:adjective having, expressive of, or characterized by intense feeling; passionate; fervent: an ardent vow; ardent love. intensely devoted, eager, or enthusiastic; zealous: an ardent theatergoer. an ardent student of French history. vehement; fierce: They were frightened by his ardent, burning eyes. burning, fiery, or hot: the ardent core of a star.
31. "Mindfulness Defined," by Thanissaro Bhikku. pg 2
32. In the Pali canon, the instructions for anapanasati are presented as either one tetrad (four instructions) or four tetrads (16 instructions). The most famous exposition of four tetrads – after which Theravada countries have a national holiday (see uposatha) – is the Anapanasati Sutta, found in the Majjhima Nikaya (MN), sutta number 118 (for instance, see Thanissaro, 2006). Other discourses which describe the full four tetrads can be found in the Samyutta Nikaya's Anapana-samyutta (Ch. 54), such as SN 54.6 (Thanissaro, 2006a), SN 54.8 (Thanissaro, 2006b) and SN 54.13 (Thanissaro, 1995a). The one-tetrad exposition of anapanasati is found, for instance, in the Kayagata-sati Sutta (MN 119; Thanissaro, 1997), the Maha-satipatthana Sutta (DN 22; Thanissaro, 2000) and the Satipatthana Sutta (MN 10; Thanissaro, 1995b). http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.118.than.html
33. The Ekottara Āgama has:[26] mindfulness of the Buddha mindfulness of the Dharma mindfulness of the Sangha mindfulness of giving mindfulness of the heavens mindfulness of stopping and resting mindfulness of discipline mindfulness of breathing mindfulness of the body mindfulness of death
34. Nan Huaijin. Working Toward Enlightenment: The Cultivation of Practice. York Beach: Samuel Weiser. 1993. p. 146.
35. Rinpoche, Khenchen Thrangu; Thrangu, Rinpoche (2004). Essentials of Mahamudra: Looking Directly at the Mind, by Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche. ISBN 978-0861713714. 
36. Henepola Gunaratana, Mindfulness in plain English, Wisdom Publications, pg 21.
37. Defined by Reginald A. Ray. ""Vipashyana," by Reginald A. Ray. Buddhadharma: The Practitioner's Quarterly, Summer 2004". Archive.thebuddhadharma.com. Archived from the original on 2014-01-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140102200123/http://archive.thebuddhadharma.com/issues/2004/summer/dharma_dictionary.htm. Retrieved 2013-05-30. 
38. "What is Theravada Buddhism?". Access to Insight. Access to Insight. http://www.accesstoinsight.org/theravada.html. Retrieved 17 August 2013. 
39. AN 4.170 (Pali): “Yo hi koci, āvuso, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā mama santike arahattappattiṁ byākaroti, sabbo so catūhi maggehi, etesaṁ vā aññatarena. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, āvuso, bhikkhu samathapubbaṅgamaṁ vipassanaṁ bhāveti[...] Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu vipassanāpubbaṅgamaṁ samathaṁ bhāveti[...] Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu samathavipassanaṁ yuganaddhaṁ bhāveti[...] Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno dhammuddhaccaviggahitaṁ mānasaṁ hoti[...] English translation: Friends, whoever — monk or nun — declares the attainment of arahantship in my presence, they all do it by means of one or another of four paths. Which four? There is the case where a monk has developed insight preceded by tranquility. [...] Then there is the case where a monk has developed tranquillity preceded by insight. [...] Then there is the case where a monk has developed tranquillity in tandem with insight. [...] "Then there is the case where a monk's mind has its restlessness concerning the Dhamma [Comm: the corruptions of insight] well under control.[32] AN 2.30 Vijja-bhagiya Sutta, A Share in Clear Knowing: "These two qualities have a share in clear knowing. Which two? Tranquility (samatha) & insight (vipassana). "When tranquility is developed, what purpose does it serve? The mind is developed. And when the mind is developed, what purpose does it serve? Passion is abandoned. "When insight is developed, what purpose does it serve? Discernment is developed. And when discernment is developed, what purpose does it serve? Ignorance is abandoned. "Defiled by passion, the mind is not released. Defiled by ignorance, discernment does not develop. Thus from the fading of passion is there awareness-release. From the fading of ignorance is there discernment-release."[33] SN 43.2 (Pali): "Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo? Samatho ca vipassanā".[34] English translation: "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Serenity and insight."[35]
40. Gombrich 1997, p. 96-144.
41. Brooks 2006.
42. Brooks: "While many commentaries and translations of the Buddha's Discourses claim the Buddha taught two practice paths, one called "shamata" and the other called "vipassanā," there is in fact no place in the suttas where one can definitively claim that."[37]
43. Vetter 1988, p. xxxiv–xxxvii.
44. Bronkhorst 1993.
45. Gombrich 1997, p. 131.
46. Gombrich 1997, p. 96-134.
47. Vetter 1988, p. xxxv.
48. Alexander Wynne, The origin of Buddhist meditation. Routledge, 2007, page 94-95.
49. Schumann 1974.
50. McMahan.
51. Siegel, D. J. (2007). "Mindfulness training and neural integration: Differentiation of distinct streams of awareness and the cultivation of well-being". Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 2 (4): 259–63. doi:10.1093/scan/nsm034.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2566758
52. "Is Mindfulness Present-Centered and Nonjudgmental? A Discussion of the Cognitive Dimensions of Mindfulness" by Georges Dreyfus http://info-buddhism.com/Mindfulness_Present-Centered_Nonjudgmental-Attention_Introspection-A-Discussion_Dreyfus.html
53. Geoffrey Samuel, Mindfulness or Mindlessness: Traditional and Modern Buddhist Critiques of "Bare Awareness" http://blogs.mcgill.ca/tcpsych/tag/geoffrey-samuel/
54. "Mindfulness and Ethics: Attention, Virtue and Perfection" by Jay Garfield http://info-buddhism.com/Mindfulness-and-Morality-J-Garfield.html