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HandWiki. New Chronology (Rohl). Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30447 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. New Chronology (Rohl). Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30447. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "New Chronology (Rohl)" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30447 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 20). New Chronology (Rohl). In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30447
HandWiki. "New Chronology (Rohl)." Encyclopedia. Web. 20 October, 2022.
New Chronology (Rohl)
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New Chronology is an alternative chronology of the ancient Near East developed by English Egyptologist David Rohl and other researchers beginning with A Test of Time: The Bible - from Myth to History in 1995. It contradicts mainstream Egyptology by proposing a major revision of the established Egyptian chronology, in particular by re-dating Egyptian kings of the Nineteenth through Twenty-fifth Dynasties, bringing forward conventional dating by up to 350 years. Rohl asserts that the New Chronology allows him to identify some of the characters in the Hebrew Bible with people whose names appear in archaeological finds. The New Chronology, one of several proposed radical revisions of the conventional chronology, has not been accepted in academic Egyptology, where the conventional chronology or small variations of it remain standard. Amélie Kuhrt, head of Ancient Near Eastern History at University College London, in one of the standard reference works of the discipline, notes: "Many scholars feel sympathetic to the critique of weaknesses in the existing chronological framework [...], but most archaeologists and ancient historians are not at present convinced that the radical redatings proposed stand up to close examination."

Rohl's most vocal critic has been Kenneth Kitchen, one of the leading experts on biblical history and the author of the standard work on the conventional chronology of the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt, the period most directly affected by the New Chronology's redating of the Nineteenth to Twenty-fifth Dynasties.

egyptology chronology egypt

References

  1. The Sunday Times, 13 October 2002, How myth became history http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/style/article54642.ece
  2. The Lost Testament, p. 3
  3. A Test of Time, p. 11
  4. Becherath, J. von, in Helk, W. (ed.) Abstracts for the 'High, Middle or Low? International Colloquium on Chronology held at Schloss Haindorf (1990), p. 5
  5. Helck, W. in Helk, W. (ed.) Abstracts for the 'High, Middle or Low? International Colloquium on Chronology held at Schloss Haindorf (1990), p. 21
  6. Ash, Paul S. David, Solomon and Egypt Continuum International Publishing Group - Sheffie (1 Nov 1999) ISBN:978-1-84127-021-0 pp. 30-31
  7. Coogan, Michael David The Oxford History of the Biblical World Oxford Paperbacks; New edition (26 Jul 2001) ISBN:978-0-19-513937-2 p. 175
  8. Wilson, Kevin A The Campaign of Pharaoh Shoshenq I into Palestine Mohr Siebeck 2005 ISBN:978-3-16-148270-0 p.1
  9. A Test of Time, pp. 122-27.
  10. The Lost Testament, pp. 389-96.
  11. David Rohl, Shoshenq, Shishak and Shysha, accessed 7 August 2009 http://thelegendgroup.msatt.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=90
  12. Grisanti, Michael A; Howard, Davd M. (1 April 2004). Giving the Sense. Kregel Academic & Professional. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-8254-2892-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=stMd0QV97IYC&pg=PA193&dq=Shishak+and+Sysw+David+Rohl&num=100&ei=KOd1SvaKKI_-ygTSzuz-Ag&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=&f=false. 
  13. Wilson, Kevin A. (2005). The Campaign of Pharaoh Shoshenq I into Palestine. Mohr Siebeck. p. 65. ISBN 3-16-148270-0. 
  14. Kitchen, Kenneth A. (1973). The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt. Aris & Phillips. p. 432. ISBN 9780856680014. 
  15. Noth, M. (1938). ZDPV 61. pp. 277–304. 
  16. Albright, W. F. (1937–39). Archiv für Orientfoschung 12. pp. 385–86. 
  17. Mazar, B. (1957). VTS 4. pp. 57–66. 
  18. Aharoni, Y. (1966). The Land of the Bible. pp. 283–90. 
  19. Burney, Charles Allen (2004). Historical dictionary of the Hittites. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6564-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=74IJytg2XuUC&pg=PA1&dq=Hittite+chronology+Egyptian#v=onepage&q=Hittite%20chronology%20Egyptian&f=false. 
  20. The Lords of Avaris, Chapter 17.
  21. Kitchen, Preface to the 2nd edition of TIPE.
  22. "ISIS - Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum". newchronology.org. http://www.newchronology.org/cgi-bin/somsid.cgi?session=1251460988&page=html/volumes/06. 
  23. "ISIS - Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum". newchronology.org. http://www.newchronology.org/cgi-bin/somsid.cgi?session=1251460988&page=html/volumes/02. 
  24. Rohl A Test of Time, Chapter 14, pp. 299-325
  25. Dever, William G. (1990) [1989]. "2. The Israelite Settlement in Canaan. New Archeological Models". Recent Archeological Discoveries and Biblical Research. USA: University of Washington Press. p. 47. ISBN 0-295-97261-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ab7_GFJ-dKQC&pg=PA47&dq=Dever+Joshua+destroyed+even+there&hl=en. Retrieved 2013-01-07. "(Of course, for some, that only made the Biblical story more miraculous than ever—Joshua destroyed a city that wasn't even there!)" 
  26. M. Sturgis, It Ain’t Necessarily So: Investigating the Truth of the Biblical Past (Headlin, London, 2001), p. 7.
  27. Rohl, David. "An Alternative to the Velikovskian Chronology of Ancient Egypt". http://davidrohl.blogspot.co.uk/. Retrieved 13 March 2017. 
  28. The Lost Testament, pp. 16-29.
  29. The Lost Testament
  30. The Lost Testament, pp. 120-124.
  31. The Lost Testament, p. 318)
  32. Bennett, Chris (1996). "Temporal Fugues". Journal of Ancient and Medieval Studies XIII. http://www.biblearchaeology.org/file.axd?file=temporalfugues.rtf. 
  33. Kitchen, Kenneth (2003). "Egyptian interventions in the Levant in Iron Age II". in Dever, William G.. Symbiosis, symbolism, and the power of the past: Canaan, ancient Israel, and their neighbors from the Late Bronze Age through Roman Palaestina. Seymour Gitin. Eisenbrauns. pp. 113–132 [122]. ISBN 978-1-57506-081-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=KK3eFcbIGN0C&pg=PA113&dq=Rohl+Kitchen#v=onepage&q=Rohl%20Kitchen&f=false. 
  34. Hornung, E. et al.: "Ancient Egyptian Chronology" (Handbook of Oriental Studies I, vol. 83, Brill, Leiden, 2006), p. 13.
  35. ISIS archive, Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum. http://www.newchronology.org
  36. "In a special review issue of the Cambridge Archaeological Journal these proposals were roundly rejected by experts in all disciplines in Old World archaeology, a result virtually assured by the failure of the authors to present more than an outline restructuring for Egyptian chronology." Bennett (1996:2).
  37. Hornung, E. et al.: "Ancient Egyptian Chronology" (Handbook of Oriental Studies I, vol. 83, Brill, Leiden, 2006), p. 15.
  38. Kuhrt, Amelie (1995). The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC. Routledge History of the Ancient World series. I. London & New York. p. 14. 
  39. Christopher Bronk Ramsey et al.,. "Radiocarbon-Based Chronology for Dynastic Egypt,". Science Vol. 328. no. 5985 (18 June 2010), pp. 1554 - 1557.. http://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1554. 
  40. A Test of Time stayed in the top ten Sunday Times bestseller list for eight weeks in 1995 (from 17 September to 6 November, pp. 7-14).
  41. Berthoud, J-M. Creation Bible Et Science, 2008, ISBN:978-2-8251-3887-8, 244f.
  42. Alden Bass (2003), Which Came First, the Pyramids or the Flood?, Apologetics Press :: Reason & Revelation, November 2003 - 23[11]:97-101 http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2503
  43. van der Land, J.G. (2000) "Pharaohs and the Bible: David Rohl's chronology untenable", Bijbel, Geschiedenis en Archeologie, December 1999 http://www.bga.nl/en/discussion/echroroh.html
  44. van der Veen, P.G. (2000) "Is Rohl's Chronology inaccurate? A reply to BGA'," Bijbel, Geschiedenis en Archeologie, December 1999 http://www.bga.nl/en/discussion/engveen.html
  45. Porter, R.M. (2000) "'Did the Philistines settle in Canaan around 1200 BC?", Bijbel, Geschiedenis en Archeologie, December 1999 http://www.bga.nl/en/discussion/enfilpo.html
  46. van der Land, J.G. (2000), "Conclusive evidence against Rohl's proposed New Chronology: An Assyrian chancellor's archive", Bijbel, Geschiedenis en Archeologie, December 1999 http://www.bga.nl/en/discussion/engbaboe.html
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