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HandWiki. Refractometer. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30412 (accessed on 22 October 2026).
HandWiki. Refractometer. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30412. Accessed October 22, 2026.
HandWiki. "Refractometer" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30412 (accessed October 22, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 20). Refractometer. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30412
HandWiki. "Refractometer." Encyclopedia. Web. 20 October, 2022.

Refractometer

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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Physics:Refractometer

A refractometer is a laboratory or field device for the measurement of an index of refraction (refractometry). The index of refraction is calculated from the observed refraction angle using Snell's law. For mixtures, the index of refraction then allows to determine the concentration using mixing rules such as the Gladstone–Dale relation and Lorentz–Lorenz equation.

refractometer refractometry mixing rules

References

  1. "The Measurement Shop's Guide to Refractometers - Measurement Shop UK" (in en). https://www.measurementshop.co.uk/blog/guides/the-measurement-shops-ultimate-guide-to-refractometers. 
  2. "Brief history of refractometers" (in en). http://www.refractometer.pl/refractometer-history. 
  3. product page of A.KRÜSS Optronic GmbH (read March 13, 2013) http://www.kruess.com/gemmologie/produkte/edelsteinrefraktometer
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