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HandWiki. Thaumarchaeota. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30393 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. Thaumarchaeota. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30393. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "Thaumarchaeota" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30393 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 20). Thaumarchaeota. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30393
HandWiki. "Thaumarchaeota." Encyclopedia. Web. 20 October, 2022.
Thaumarchaeota
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biology:Thaumarchaeota

The Thaumarchaeota or Thaumarchaea (from the Ancient Greek:) are a phylum of the Archaea proposed in 2008 after the genome of Cenarchaeum symbiosum was sequenced and found to differ significantly from other members of the hyperthermophilic phylum Crenarchaeota. Three described species in addition to C. symbiosum are Nitrosopumilus maritimus, Nitrososphaera viennensis, and Nitrososphaera gargensis. The phylum was proposed in 2008 based on phylogenetic data, such as the sequences of these organisms' ribosomal RNA genes, and the presence of a form of type I topoisomerase that was previously thought to be unique to the eukaryotes. This assignment was confirmed by further analysis published in 2010 that examined the genomes of the ammonia-oxidizing archaea Nitrosopumilus maritimus and Nitrososphaera gargensis, concluding that these species form a distinct lineage that includes Cenarchaeum symbiosum. The lipid crenarchaeol has been found only in Thaumarchaea, making it a potential biomarker for the phylum. Most organisms of this lineage thus far identified are chemolithoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizers and may play important roles in biogeochemical cycles, such as the nitrogen cycle and the carbon cycle. Metagenomic sequencing indicates that they constitute ~1% of the sea surface metagenome across many sites. Thaumarchaeota-derived GDGT lipids from marine sediments can be used to reconstruct past temperatures via the TEX86 paleotemperature proxy, as these lipids vary in structure according to temperature. Because most Thaumarchaea seem to be autotrophs that fix CO2, their GDGTs can act as a record for past Carbon-13 ratios in the dissolved inorganic carbon pool, and thus have the potential to be used for reconstructions of the carbon cycle in the past.

crenarchaeol biogeochemical nitrosopumilus

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