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HandWiki. Taxonomy of Banksia. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30295 (accessed on 22 September 2026).
HandWiki. Taxonomy of Banksia. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30295. Accessed September 22, 2026.
HandWiki. "Taxonomy of Banksia" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30295 (accessed September 22, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 20). Taxonomy of Banksia. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30295
HandWiki. "Taxonomy of Banksia." Encyclopedia. Web. 20 October, 2022.
Taxonomy of Banksia
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biology:Taxonomy_of_Banksia

As with other flowering plants, the taxonomy of Banksia has traditionally been based on anatomical and morphological properties of the Banksia flower, fruiting structure and seed, along with secondary characteristics such as leaf structure and growth habit. Increasingly, molecular evidence from DNA is providing important new insights into relationships within the genus and between this and other genera in the Proteaceae. The genus is placed in family Proteaceae, subfamily Grevilleoideae, tribe Banksieae and subtribe Banksiinae. The most recent complete revision is that published in Alex George's 1999 monograph for the Flora of Australia book series; this recognises two subgenera, three sections, 13 series, 77 species, 6 subspecies and 18 varieties, and treats the traditionally related genus Dryandra as separate but closely related. Recent molecular cladistic analyses have provided an alternative view in which Dryandra is shown to be nested inside, and hence should be included within, Banksia. This interpretation has been controversial in some circles, and is not universally accepted.

morphological properties molecular evidence leaf structure

References

  1. Cook, James (1893). William J. L. Wharton. ed. Captain Cook's Journal during his First Voyage Round the World made in H. M. Bark "Endeavour" 1768–71: A Literal Transcription of the Original MSS. London: E. Stock. 
  2. Salkin, A. I. (1981). "A Short History of the Discovery and Naming of Banksias in Eastern Australia: Part I, Banks & Solander". Victorian Naturalist 98 (2). 
  3. Carolus Linnaeus the Younger (1782). Supplementum Plantarum Systema Vegetabilium Editionis Decima Tertia, Generum Plantarum Editionis Fexta, Et Specierum Plantarum Editionis Secunda. Brunsvigae: Orphanotrophei. 
  4. George, A. S. (1981). "The genus Banksia L.f. — a case history in Australian botany". History in the service of systematics : papers from the Conference to celebrate the centenary of the British Museum (Natural History) 13-16 April, 1981. London: Society for the Bibliography of Natural History. pp. 53–59. ISBN 0-901843-05-9. 
  5. Olde, Peter; Neil R. Marriott (2002). "One new Banksia and two new Grevillea species (Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae) from Western Australia". Nuytsia 15 (1): 85–99. Archived from the original on 2006-09-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20060923024518/http://users.bigpond.net.au/macarthuraps/new%20grevilleas.pdf. Retrieved 2007-01-10. 
  6. Thiele, Kevin; Ladiges, Pauline Y. (1996). "A Cladistic Analysis of Banksia (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany 9 (5): 661–733. doi:10.1071/SB9960661. http://www.publish.csiro.au/?act=view_file&file_id=SB9960661.pdf. Retrieved 2007-01-10. 
  7. Bentham, George (1870). "Banksia". Flora Australiensis: A Description of the Plants of the Australian Territory. Volume 5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co.. pp. 541–562. 
  8. Johnson, L. A. S.; Barbara Briggs (1975). "On the Proteaceae: the evolution and classification of a southern family". Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Botany 70 (2): 83–182. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1975.tb01644.x.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8339.1975.tb01644.x
  9. George, Alex S. (1999). "Banksia". in Wilson, Annette (ed.). Flora of Australia. Volume 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175–251. ISBN 0-643-06454-0. 
  10. Weston, Peter H.; Barker, Nigel P. (2006). "A new suprageneric classification of the Proteaceae, with an annotated checklist of genera". Telopea 11 (3): 314–344. 
  11. Template:The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)
  12. Mast, Austin R.; Thomas J. Givnish (August 2002). "Historical Biogeography and the Origin of Stomatal Distributions in Banksia & Dryandra (Proteaceae) Based on Their cpDNA Phylogeny". American Journal of Botany 89 (8): 1311–1323. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.8.1311. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 21665734. http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/89/8/1311. Retrieved 2006-07-02. 
  13. Mast, Austin R., Eric H. Jones and Shawn P. Havery (2005). "An Assessment of Old and New DNA sequence evidence for the Paraphyly of Banksia with respect to Dryandra (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany (CSIRO Publishing / Australian Systematic Botany Society) 18 (1): 75–88. doi:10.1071/SB04015. ISSN 1030-1887.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1071%2FSB04015
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  15. George, Alex (1996). The Banksia Book. Kangaroo Press and The Society for Growing Australian Plants (NSW Region). ISBN 0-86417-818-2. 
  16. Mast, Austin R. (1998) Molecular systematics of subtribe Banksiinae (Banksia and Dryandra; Proteaceae) based on cpDNA and nrDNA sequence data: implications for taxonomy and biogeography. Australian Systematic Botany 11: 321–342
  17. George, Alex (2008). "You don't have to call Dryandra Banksia". Australian Plants Online: ANPSA website. Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). http://asgap.org.au/APOL2008/sep08-2.html. Retrieved 2009-12-16. 
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