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HandWiki. Forensic Facial Reconstruction. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30192 (accessed on 24 September 2026).
HandWiki. Forensic Facial Reconstruction. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30192. Accessed September 24, 2026.
HandWiki. "Forensic Facial Reconstruction" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30192 (accessed September 24, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 19). Forensic Facial Reconstruction. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30192
HandWiki. "Forensic Facial Reconstruction." Encyclopedia. Web. 19 October, 2022.
Forensic Facial Reconstruction
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Social:Forensic_facial_reconstruction

Forensic facial reconstruction (or forensic facial approximation) is the process of recreating the face of an individual (whose identity is often not known) from their skeletal remains through an amalgamation of artistry, anthropology, osteology, and anatomy. It is easily the most subjective—as well as one of the most controversial—techniques in the field of forensic anthropology. Despite this controversy, facial reconstruction has proved successful frequently enough that research and methodological developments continue to be advanced. In addition to remains involved in criminal investigations, facial reconstructions are created for remains believed to be of historical value and for remains of prehistoric hominids and humans.

facial reconstruction osteology skeletal remains

References

  1. Burns. Forensic Anthropology Training Manual.
  2. Reichs and Craig. Facial Approximation: Procedures and Pitfalls.
  3. Reichs and Craig
  4. Steadman
  5. Helmer et al. Assessment of the Reliability of Facial Reconstruction.
  6. Riggs, Robert (11 September 2011). "Robert Riggs Reports Forensic Artist Reconstructs Victims Faces May 2004". https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0o70ltA64lI. 
  7. Dowling, Paul. "Saving Face." Forensic Files. Prod. Paul Bourdett and Vince Sherry. Dir. Michael Jordan. 28 Nov. 2007. Television.
  8. Rodewald, Adam (5 August 2013). "Unidentified murder victim a 'total nightmare' case for detectives". http://www.fdlreporter.com/article/20130804/FON019804/308040064/Unidentified-murder-victim-total-nightmare-case-detectives. 
  9. Lundy. Physical Anthropology In Forensic Medicine
  10. Deng, Qingqiong; Zhou, Mingquan; Shui, Wuyang; Wu, Zhongke; Ji, Yuan; Bai, Ruyi (2011-05-20). "A novel skull registration based on global and local deformations for craniofacial reconstruction" (in en). Forensic Science International 208 (1): 95–102. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.11.011. ISSN 0379-0738. PMID 21185136. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073810005128. 
  11. Shrimpton, Sarah; Daniels, Katleen; de Greef, Sven; Tilotta, Francoise; Willems, Guy; Vandermeulen, Dirk; Suetens, Paul; Claes, Peter (2014-01-01). "A spatially-dense regression study of facial form and tissue depth: Towards an interactive tool for craniofacial reconstruction" (in en). Forensic Science International 234: 103–110. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.10.021. ISSN 0379-0738. PMID 24378309. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073813004660. 
  12. Forensic Facial Reconstruction: The Final Frontier
  13. Rhine. Facial Reproductions In Court.
  14. Iscan. Craniofacial Image Analysis and Reconstruction.
  15. Taylor and Angel. Facial Reconstruction and Approximation.
  16. Puech PF (1991). "Forensic scientists uncovering Mozart". J R Soc Med 84 (6): 387. doi:10.1177/014107689108400646. PMID 2061918.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1293314
  17. Lebedinskaya et al. Principles of Facial Reconstruction.
  18. Rathbun. Personal Identification: Facial Reproductions.
  19. "Evolution is *NOT* Progressive" (in en). 2016-10-17. https://notpoliticallycorrect.me/2016/10/17/evolution-is-not-progressive/. 
  20. Wilkinson, Caroline (2010). "Facial reconstruction – anatomical art or artistic anatomy?". Journal of Anatomy 216 (2): 235–250. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01182.x. ISSN 0021-8782. PMID 20447245.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2815945
  21. Helmer et al.
  22. Scientists Reconstruct Face of Neolithic Dog | Archaeology | Sci-News.com http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/neolithic-dog-07115.html
  23. Croom, Nicole (2014-04-17). "The CSI Effect: Science 'As Seen on TV'" (in en). https://synapse.ucsf.edu/articles/2014/04/17/csi-effect-science-%E2%80%98-seen-tv%E2%80%99. 
  24. Studies in Crime: An Introduction to Forensic Archaeology ISBN:0-415-16612-8 p. 129
  25. Baird, Moira (June 4, 2011). "Where science meets art". The Telegram (Transcontinental Media). http://www.thetelegram.com/News/Local/2011-06-04/article-2558929/Where-science-meets-art/1. 
  26. Quiring, Tami (March 22, 2011). "3D Printing Technology Helped Identify Canadian WW1 Soldier". Village Gamer. Aldergrove, British Columbia. http://www.villagegamer.net/2011/03/22/3d-printing-technology-helped-identify-canadian-ww1-soldier/. 
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