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A factitious disorder is a condition in which a person, without a malingering motive, acts as if they have an illness by deliberately producing, feigning, or exaggerating symptoms, purely to attain (for themselves or for another) a patient's role. People with a factitious disorder may produce symptoms by contaminating urine samples, taking hallucinogens, injecting fecal material to produce abscesses, and similar behaviour. Factitious disorder imposed on self (also called Munchausen syndrome) was for some time the umbrella term for all such disorders. Factitious disorder imposed on another (also called Munchausen syndrome by proxy, Munchausen by proxy, or factitious disorder by proxy) is a condition in which a person deliberately produces, feigns, or exaggerates the symptoms of someone in their care. In either case, the perpetrator's motive is to perpetrate factitious disorders, either as a patient or by proxy as a caregiver, in order to attain (for themselves or for another) a patient's role. Malingering differs fundamentally from factitious disorders in that the malingerer simulates illness intending to obtain a material benefit or avoid an obligation or responsibility. Somatic symptom disorders, though also diagnoses of exclusion, are characterized by physical complaints that are not produced intentionally.
References
- Sadock, B.J.; Sadock, V.A; Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan and Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. p. 465–503. ISBN 978-1609139711. https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/factitious-disorders/.
- Mohammad, J. MD, FAPA; Khalid, Z. MD; McDonald, K.A, BScH; Shelley, A.J., BScH (2018). "Psychological aspects of factitious disorder. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord". Ehe Primary Companion For CNS Disorders 20 (1): 17nr02229. doi:10.4088/PCC.17nr02229. https://www.psychiatrist.com/pcc/mental/factitious-disorder/psychological-aspects-of-factitious-disorder. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
- "Factitious Disorders". Cleveland Clinic. http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_An_Overview_of_Factitious_Disorders. Reference for the two as described 1 April 2015
- Nolan- Hoeksema, Susan. (2014). Abnormal Psychology. McGraw Hill Publishing; 6th int ed. p. 159
- Jerald Kay and Allan Tasman (2006). Essentials of psychiatry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.. pp. 680. ISBN 0-470-01854-2. https://archive.org/details/essentialspsychi00kayj.
- Sadock, Benjamin J.; Sadock, Virginia A., eds (January 15, 2000). Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry (2 Volume Set) (7th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers. pp. 1747. ISBN 0683301284.
- "Factitious Disorder". Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/factitious-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356034.
- Jerald Kay and Allan Tasman (2006). Essentials of psychiatry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.. pp. 680. ISBN 0-470-01854-2. https://archive.org/details/essentialspsychi00kayj. Reference for the three types as described 20 January 2013
