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HandWiki. Verneuil Process. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29903 (accessed on 22 September 2026).
HandWiki. Verneuil Process. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29903. Accessed September 22, 2026.
HandWiki. "Verneuil Process" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29903 (accessed September 22, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 18). Verneuil Process. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29903
HandWiki. "Verneuil Process." Encyclopedia. Web. 18 October, 2022.
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The Verneuil process, also called flame fusion, was the first commercially successful method of manufacturing synthetic gemstones, developed in the late 1800s by the French chemist Auguste Verneuil. It is primarily used to produce the ruby, sapphire and padparadscha varieties of corundum, as well as the diamond simulants rutile and strontium titanate. The principle of the process involves melting a finely powdered substance using an oxyhydrogen flame, and crystallising the melted droplets into a boule. The process is considered to be the founding step of modern industrial crystal growth technology, and remains in wide use to this day.
crystallising
crystal growth
boule
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