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This is a list of island countries. An island is a landmass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and Indonesia (both of which consist of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Barbados or Nauru, or part of an island, such as the Dominican Republic or Brunei. Australia is a continent, although it has historically been referred to as an island, due to it having no land borders. The list also includes states with limited diplomatic recognition which have de facto control over territories entirely on the islands, such as Taiwan.[n 1] Indonesia is the world's largest island country by area (1,904,569 km2), and by total number of islands (more than 18,307), and is also the world's most populous island country, with a population of over 270 million (the fourth-largest population in the world, after China , India , and the United States ).
Name | ISO code | Geographic configuration | Geologic location | Area (km2)[1] | Population [2] | Population density (per km2) |
Geographic location | Establishment/ Independence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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AG ATG |
Two main islands (Antigua, Barbuda) | Continental shelf | 442 | 97,120 | 220 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1981 November 1 |
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BS BHS |
Archipelago | Continental shelf | 13,939 | 389,480 | 28 | Atlantic Ocean, Lucayan Archipelago | 1973 July 10 |
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BH BHR |
Archipelago (centered around Bahrain Island) | Continental shelf | 778 | 1,641,170 | 2,109 | Persian Gulf | 1971 December 10 |
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BB BRB |
One island | Continental shelf[3] | 430 | 287,020 | 667 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1966 November 30 |
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BN BRN |
Part of a larger island (Borneo) | Continental shelf | 5,765 | 433,290 | 75 | Maritime Southeast Asia | 1984 February 23 |
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CV CPV |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 4,033 | 549,930 | 136 | Atlantic Ocean, Macaronesia | 1975 July 5 |
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KM COM |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 1,861 | 850,890 | 457 | Indian Ocean, Africa, Comoros Islands | 1975 July 6 |
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CU CUB |
One main island, and several smaller islands (Isla de la Juventud, etc.) | Continental shelf | 109,884 | 11,346,346 | 103 | Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles | 1868 October 10 1902 May 20 |
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CY CYP |
Part of a larger island (Cyprus) | Continental shelf | 9,251 | 888,005 | 96 | Mediterranean Sea | 1960 October 1 |
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DM DMA |
One island | Continental shelf | 754 | 71,810 | 95 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1978 November 3 |
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DO DOM |
Part of a larger island (Hispaniola), and several smaller islands (Alto Velo, Catalina, Saona, Beata, etc.) | Continental shelf | 48,671 | 10,738,960 | 221 | Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles | 1821 December 1 1844 February 27 |
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TL TLS |
Part of a larger island (Timor) | Oceanic | 14,919 | 1,293,120 | 87 | Maritime Southeast Asia, Lesser Sunda Islands | 2002 May 20 |
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FJ FJI |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 18,274 | 889,950 | 49 | Pacific Ocean, Melanesia | 1970 October 10 |
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GD GRD |
One main island, two dependencies (Carriacou, Petite Martinique) | Continental shelf | 344 | 112,000 | 326 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1974 February 7 |
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HT HTI |
Part of a larger island (Hispaniola), and several smaller islands (Gonave, Tortuga, Les Cayemites, etc.) | Continental shelf | 27,750 | 11,743,017 | 423 | Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles | 1804 January 1 |
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IS ISL |
One main island | Oceanic[5] | 102,775 | 361,310 | 4 | Atlantic Ocean, Arctic Circle | 1944 June 17 |
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ID IDN |
Archipelago, including parts of larger islands (Borneo, New Guinea, Sebatik, and Timor) | Various[6] | 1,904,569 | 270,625,570 | 142 | Maritime Southeast Asia, Indian and Pacific oceans | 1945 August 17 |
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IE IRL |
Part of a larger island (Ireland), and several smaller islands | Continental shelf | 70,273 | 4,977,400 | 71 | Atlantic Ocean, British Isles | 1919 January 21 |
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JM JAM |
One main island, and several small islands (Port Royal Cays, etc.) | Continental shelf | 10,991 | 2,734,092 | 249 | Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles | 1962 August 6 |
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JP JPN |
Archipelago (Japanese archipelago) | Continental shelf | 377,976
[7] |
126,264,930 | 334 | Pacific Ocean, East Asia | 660 BC February 11 [8] |
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KI KIR |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 811 | 117,610 | 145 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia | 1979 July 12 |
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MG MDG |
One main island | Continental shelf [9] | 587,041 | 26,969,310 | 46 | Indian Ocean, Africa | 1960 June 26 |
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MV MDV |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 298 | 383,976 | 1,289 | Indian Ocean, Laccadive Sea | 1965 July 26 |
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MT MLT |
Two main islands (Malta Island and Gozo) plus other smaller islands | Continental shelf | 316 | 502,650 | 1,591 | Mediterranean Sea | 1964 September 21 |
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MH MHL |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 181 | 58,790 | 325 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia | 1979 May 1 |
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MU MUS |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 2,040 | 1,265,710 | 620 | Indian Ocean, Africa, Mascarene Islands | 1968 March 12 |
Template:Country data Micronesia, Federated States of[10] | FM FSM |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 702 | 113,810 | 162 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia | 1979 May 10 |
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NR NRU |
One island | Oceanic | 21 | 12,580 | 599 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia | 1968 January 31 |
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NZ NZL |
Two main islands (North Island and South Island) plus other smaller islands | Continental shelf [11] | 270,467 | 5,125,451 | 19 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia | 1907 September 26 |
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CY CYP |
Part of a larger island (Cyprus) | Continental shelf | 3,355 | 313,626[13] | 93 | Mediterranean Sea | 1974 July 20 |
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PW PLW |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 459 | 18,010 | 39 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia | 1981 January 1 |
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PG PNG |
Part of a larger island (New Guinea), and several smaller islands | Continental shelf | 462,840 | 8,776,110 | 19 | Pacific Ocean, Melanesia | 1975 September 16 |
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PH PHL |
Archipelago | Continental shelf | 300,000 | 108,116,620 | 360 | Maritime Southeast Asia | 1898 June 12 1946 July 4 |
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KN KNA |
Two main islands (St. Kitts, Nevis) | Continental shelf | 261 | 52,830 | 202 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1983 September 19 |
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LC LCA |
One main island | Continental shelf | 616 | 182,790 | 297 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1979 February 22 |
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VC VCT |
Archipelago | Continental shelf | 389 | 110,590 | 284 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1979 October 27 |
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WS WSM |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 2,842 | 197,100 | 69 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia | 1962 June 1 |
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ST STP |
Two main islands (São Tomé Island, Príncipe) | Continental shelf | 1,001 | 215,060 | 215 | Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Guinea, Africa | 1975 July 12 |
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SC SYC |
Archipelago | Various[14] | 455 | 97,630 | 215 | Indian Ocean, Africa | 1976 June 29 |
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SG SGP |
One main island, plus other smaller islands | Continental shelf | 728 | 5,703,570 | 7,831 | Maritime Southeast Asia | 1965 August 9 |
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SB SLB |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 28,400 | 669,820 | 24 | Pacific Ocean, Melanesia | 1978 July 7 |
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LK LKA |
One main island, plus other small islands | Continental shelf | 65,610 | 21,803,000 | 332 | Indian Ocean, South Asia | 1948 February 4 |
Template:Country data Republic of China (Taiwan)[15] | TW TWN |
One main island, and several smaller islands | Continental shelf | 36,193 | 23,603,121 | 652 | Pacific Ocean, East Asia | 1912 January 1 1949 December 7 [16] |
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TO TON |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 748 | 104,490 | 140 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia | 1970 June 4 |
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TT TTO |
Two main islands (Trinidad, Tobago) plus other smaller islands | Continental shelf | 5,131 | 1,394,970 | 272 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles | 1962 August 31 |
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TV TUV |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 26 | 11,650 | 448 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia | 1978 October 1 |
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GB or UK GBR |
One main island, part of second island (Ireland), plus several minor islands | Continental shelf | 244,820 | 67,886,004 | 277 | Atlantic Ocean, British Isles | 1707 May 1 |
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VU VUT |
Archipelago | Oceanic | 12,189 | 299,880 | 25 | Pacific Ocean, Melanesia | 1980 July 30 |
Name | Geographic configuration | Geologic location | Sovereign state | Area (km2) | Population | Density (per km2) |
Geographic location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Template:Country data Åland Islands | Archipelago[19] | Continental shelf | ![]() |
1,580 | 28,355 | 17.9 | Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
199 | 54,947 | 276 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
91 | 15,423 | 169 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
180 | 107,635 | 598 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
53.3 | 62,500 | 1,170 | Atlantic Ocean, North America |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
60 | 3,000 | 50 | Indian Ocean |
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Archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
151 | 31,148 | 206 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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Three main islands | Continental shelf | ![]() |
127 | 21,133 | 166 | Caribbean Sea |
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Three islands | Continental shelf | ![]() |
264 | 52,560 | 199 | Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles |
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One main island | Oceanic | ![]() |
135 | 1,496 | 11.1 | Indian Ocean, Australasia |
Template:Country data Cocos (Keeling) Islands | Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
14 | 596 | 42.6 | Indian Ocean, Australasia |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
236 | 10,777 | 45.7 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
444 | 145,834 | 328 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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One Island | Oceanic | ![]() |
163.6 | 6,148 | 37.5 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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Two main islands | Continental shelf | ![]() |
12,173 | 3,140 | 0.26 | Atlantic Ocean, South America |
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Archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
1,393 | 49,483 | 35.5 | Atlantic Ocean |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
3,827 | 274,512 | 71.7 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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One main island with archipelagos | Continental shelf | ![]() |
2,166,086 | 57,695 | 0.03 | North America |
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One main island | Continental Shelf | ![]() |
1,628 | 405,500 | 250 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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One main island | Oceanic | ![]() |
544 | 159,914 | 293 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia |
Template:Country data Bailiwick of Guernsey[23][24] | Three main islands | Continental shelf | ![]() |
78 | 65,849 | 844 | English Channel, Channel Islands |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
572 | 85,421 | 149 | Irish Sea, British Isles |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
116 | 94,949 | 819 | English Channel, Channel Islands |
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One island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
1,128 | 403,795 | 360 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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One main island | Oceanic | ![]() |
374 | 194,000 | 498.5 | Indian Ocean, Africa, Comoros Islands |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
102 | 5,164 | 50.6 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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One main island | Continental shelf[11] | ![]() |
18,275 | 260,166 | 14.2 | Pacific Ocean, Melanesia |
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One main island | Oceanic | ![]() |
260 | 1,269 | 4.9 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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One main island | Continental shelf[11] | ![]() |
36 | 2,182 | 60.6 | Pacific Ocean, Melanesia |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
464 | 51,395 | 111 | Pacific Ocean, Micronesia |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
47 | 48 | 1.0 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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One main island, archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
8,870 | 3,690,923 | 416 | Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles |
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One main island | Oceanic | ![]() |
2,512 | 893,500 | 330 | Indian Ocean, Africa, Mascarene Islands |
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One main island | Continental shelf | ![]() |
21 | 7,332 | 349 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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Three main islands distant from each other | Oceanic | ![]() |
308 | 7,728 | 25.1 | Atlantic Ocean |
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Part of a larger island (Saint Martin) | Continental shelf | ![]() |
54.4 | 30,959 | 569 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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Two main islands | Continental shelf | ![]() |
242 | 5,831 | 24.1 | North America |
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Part of a larger island (Saint Martin) | Continental shelf | ![]() |
34 | 39,088 | 1,150 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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Archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
3,903 | 30 | 0.008 | Atlantic Ocean |
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Part of a larger island (Cyprus) | Continental shelf | ![]() |
254 | 15,700 | 61.8 | Mediterranean Sea |
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Archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
62,045 | 2,752 | 0.03 | Arctic Ocean |
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Archipelago | Oceanic | ![]() |
12 | 1,368 | 114 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |
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Archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
948 | 46,335 | 48.9 | Atlantic Ocean, Lucayan Archipelago |
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Archipelago | Continental shelf | ![]() |
346 | 105,275 | 304 | Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles |
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Three main islands | Oceanic | ![]() |
264 | 15,289 | 57.9 | Pacific Ocean, Polynesia |