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HandWiki. Adhan. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29248 (accessed on 03 October 2026).
HandWiki. Adhan. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29248. Accessed October 03, 2026.
HandWiki. "Adhan" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29248 (accessed October 03, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 14). Adhan. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29248
HandWiki. "Adhan." Encyclopedia. Web. 14 October, 2022.
Adhan
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Religion:Adhan

The adhan, athan, or azaan (Arabic: أَذَان [ʔaˈðaːn]) (also called in Turkish: Ezan) is the Islamic call to worship, recited by the muezzin at prescribed times of the day. The root of the word is ʾadhina أَذِنَ meaning "to listen, to hear, be informed about". Another derivative of this word is ʾudhun (أُذُن), meaning "ear". Adhan is called out by a muezzin from the mosque five times a day, traditionally from the minaret, summoning Muslims for mandatory (fard) worship (salat). A second call, known as iqama, (set up) then summons Muslims to line up for the beginning of the prayers. The main purpose behind the multiple loud pronouncements of adhan in every mosque is to make available to everyone an easily intelligible summary of Islamic belief. In modern times, loudspeakers have been installed on minarets for this purpose. The adhan recites the Takbir (God is great) followed by the Shahada (There is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God). This statement of faith, called the Kalimah, is the first of the Five Pillars of Islam.

salat faith templatearabicterm

References

  1. William Muir, The Life of Mohammad from Original Sources, reprinted by Adamant Media ISBN:1-4021-8272-4
  2. Sahih Bukhari 89.329 http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/089.sbt.html#009.089.329
  3. Sahih Muslim : Book 020: Number 4477, 4478, 4480, 4481, 4482, 4483 http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/muslim/020.smt.html
  4. Sunan Abu Dawood : Book 36: Number 4266 http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/abudawud/036.sat.html
  5. Sunan al-Tirmidhi (Arabic) Chapter of Fitan, 2:45 (India) and 4:501 Tradition # 2225 (Egypt); Hadith #2149 (numbering of al-'Alamiyyah)
  6. Quran : Surah Sajda: Ayah 24-25 http://al-quran.info/?x=y#&&sura=32&aya=21&trans=en-ali_quli&show=both,quran-uthmani&ver=2.00
  7. Traditionally 4x.[10] Followers of the Maliki madh'hab also repeat this line four times.
  8. According to Usuli Twelver Shi'a scholars, this phrase is not a part of adhan and iqamah, but is recommended (Mustahabb). Akhbari Shia Twelver, however, consider as an integral part of adhan and iqamah.[11] Fatimid, Ismaili, Alavi Bohras and Dawoodi Bohra believe and include and recite this at same place, twice in main adhan, but not in Iqama. They also recite mohammadun -va- ali-un khayr-ul- basar va itarat-o- homa khayr-ul-itar (Muhammad and Ali are the best gentleman and their progeny is the best of progeny) twice after the 6th part (Ḥayya ʿala-khayr il-ʿamal). This tradition is continued from their first Da'i al-Mutlaq, Zoeb bin Moosa (1132 CE), after their 21st Imam, At-Tayyib Abi l-Qasim, and claim this is true Fatimid tradition.[12][13][14]
  9. Followers of the Maliki madh'hab say this line twice and repeat the following two lines before line four, as noted in Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Ch. 2, No. 0740.
  10. Kitab rab as-sad by Sana'ani
  11. "Akhbari". Akhbari. http://www.akhbari.org. Retrieved 2013-12-31. 
  12. Islamic Laws : Rules of Namaz » Adhan and Iqamah http://sistani.org/local.php?modules=nav&nid=2&bid=59&pid=2947
  13. Importance and Conditions of Prayers - Question #466 http://www.khamenei.de/fatwas/practical03.htm
  14. "Adhan Call to Prayer". duas.org. Retrieved on 25 August 2016. http://www.duas.org/calltoprayer.htm
  15. Haykal, Muhammad Husayn (May 1994). The Life of Muhammad. p. 200. ISBN 9789839154177. https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=PA200. 
  16. Muwatta
  17. Sahîh Al-Bukhari #548
  18. Sahîh Muslim 386
  19. Sahîh Al-Bukhari 3370
  20. Sahih Al-Bukhari 588
  21. Abu Dawud 524
  22. Touma, Habib Hassan (1996). The Music of the Arabs, p.157-158, trans. Laurie Schwartz. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. ISBN:0-931340-88-8.
  23. "Azan not being allowed thru loudhailers for Hasina’s security: Khaleda". Prothom Alo (Prothom Alo). 28 June 2016. http://en.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/news/110075/Azan-not-being-allowed-thru-loudhailers-for. 
  24. "Israel to limit volume of prayer call from mosques". http://www.jordantimes.com/news/region/israel-limit-volume-prayer-call-mosques. 
  25. "Israel to ban use of loudspeakers for ‘Azaan’ despite protest". The Financial Express (Ynet). 14 November 2016. http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2016/11/14/53061/Israel-to-ban-use-of-loudspeakers-for-%E2%80%98Azaan%E2%80%99. Retrieved 10 January 2017. 
  26. "Israeli PM backs bill to limit Azan". AFP. Dawn. 14 November 2016. http://www.dawn.com/news/1296253. Retrieved 10 January 2017. 
  27. Hawwash, Kamel (7 November 2016). "Israel’s ban on the Muslim call to prayer in Jerusalem is the tip of the iceberg". Middle East Monitor. Middle East Monitor. https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161107-israels-ban-on-the-muslim-call-to-prayer-in-jerusalem-is-the-tip-of-the-iceberg/. Retrieved 10 January 2017. 
  28. The Adhan in Turkey https://www.islamonline.net/english/ArtCulture/2004/01/article01.shtml
  29. "Ljudkablar dras för första böneutropet" (in Swedish). Dagens Nyheter. 24 April 2014. http://www.dn.se/sthlm/ljudkablar-dras-for-forsta-boneutropet. 
  30. "Blekinge har fått sin första minaret" (in Swedish). Sveriges Television. 13 Oct 2017. https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/blekinge/blekinge-har-fatt-sin-forsta-minaret. 
  31. "Swedish town allows calls to prayer from minaret". Anadolu Agency. 17 Nov 2017. https://aa.com.tr/en/europe/swedish-town-allows-calls-to-prayer-from-minaret/968559. 
  32. "Moskén i Växjö vill ha böneutrop" (in Swedish). Sveriges Television. 12 February 2018. https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/smaland/vaxjos-muslimer-vill-ha-boneutrop. 
  33. "Christian Democrat leader opposes Muslim call to prayer in Sweden". Radio Sweden. 15 March 2018. http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=6907797. 
  34. Lawal Olatunde (14 February 2018). "Swedish church supports Muslims Adhan". Islamic Hotspot. http://www.islamichotspot.com/swedish-church-supports-muslims-adhan/. 
  35. "This Jewish leader is defending the Muslim call to prayer in Sweden". The New Arab. 19 March 2018. https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2018/3/19/this-jewish-leader-is-defending-muslim-mosques-in-sweden. 
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