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| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
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| 1 | Sirius Huang | -- | 1265 | 2022-10-12 01:30:55 |
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Damping is an influence within or upon an oscillatory system that has the effect of reducing, restricting or preventing its oscillations. In physical systems, damping is produced by processes that dissipate the energy stored in the oscillation. Examples include viscous drag in mechanical systems, resistance in electronic oscillators, and absorption and scattering of light in optical oscillators. Damping not based on energy loss can be important in other oscillating systems such as those that occur in biological systems and bikes. The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure describing how oscillations in a system decay after a disturbance. Many systems exhibit oscillatory behavior when they are disturbed from their position of static equilibrium. A mass suspended from a spring, for example, might, if pulled and released, bounce up and down. On each bounce, the system tends to return to its equilibrium position, but overshoots it. Sometimes losses (e.g. frictional) damp the system and can cause the oscillations to gradually decay in amplitude towards zero or attenuate. The damping ratio is a measure describing how rapidly the oscillations decay from one bounce to the next. The damping ratio is a system parameter, denoted by ζ (zeta), that can vary from undamped (ζ = 0), underdamped (ζ < 1) through critically damped (ζ = 1) to overdamped (ζ > 1). The behaviour of oscillating systems is often of interest in a diverse range of disciplines that include control engineering, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, structural engineering, and electrical engineering. The physical quantity that is oscillating varies greatly, and could be the swaying of a tall building in the wind, or the speed of an electric motor, but a normalised, or non-dimensionalised approach can be convenient in describing common aspects of behavior.
References
- Alciatore, David G. (2007). Introduction to Mechatronics and Measurement (3rd ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-296305-2.
- William McC. Siebert. Circuits, Signals, and Systems. MIT Press.
- Ming Rao and Haiming Qiu (1993). Process control engineering: a textbook for chemical, mechanical and electrical engineers. CRC Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-2-88124-628-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=NOpmEHNRH98C&pg=PA96.
- Kuo, Benjamin C & Golnaraghi M F (2003). Automatic control systems (Eighth ed.). NY: Wiley. p. §7.3 p. 236–237. ISBN 0-471-13476-7. http://worldcat.org/isbn/0471134767.
