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HandWiki. Andalusian Arabic. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28625 (accessed on 23 September 2026).
HandWiki. Andalusian Arabic. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28625. Accessed September 23, 2026.
HandWiki. "Andalusian Arabic" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28625 (accessed September 23, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 10). Andalusian Arabic. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28625
HandWiki. "Andalusian Arabic." Encyclopedia. Web. 10 October, 2022.
Andalusian Arabic
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Andalusian Arabic, also known as Andalusi Arabic, was a variety or varieties of Arabic spoken in Al-Andalus, the regions of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Spain and Portugal) under Muslim rule (and for some time after) from the 9th century to the 17th century. It became an extinct language in Iberia after the expulsion of the former Hispanic Muslims, which took place over a century after the Granada War by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. Once widely spoken in Iberia, the expulsions and persecutions of Arabic speakers caused an abrupt end to the language's use on the peninsula. Its use continued to some degree in North Africa after the expulsion, although Andalusi speakers were rapidly assimilated by the Maghrebi communities to which they fled.

al-andalus andalusi andalusian

References

  1. Menocal, María Rosa; Scheindlin, Raymond P.; Sells, Micheal (2012). The literature of Al-Andalus. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-17787-0. OCLC 819159086. http://worldcat.org/oclc/819159086. 
  2. Kees Versteegh, et al.: Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, Brill Publishers, 2006.
  3. "Archived copy". http://www.alyamiah.com/cema/modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=499. 
  4. Abstract: As an L2 learner/speaker of Andalusi Arabic (concretely the Valencian or Sharqi dialect) myself, and at least by the moment [sic], the only one as far as I know, I upload this Andalusi Arabic-English Dictionary book by the famous Spanish linguist Federico Corriente (see https://www.rae.es/academicos/federico-corriente-cordoba in Spanish), in order to make it more available to anyone (specially other ethnic Spaniards who have embraced Islam just like me) interested in such important [sic], and at least by now dead, language. [1] - Mahomat Abrahim Bosch Ramon ([2]) - Re-edited on 19 December 2020
  5. Corriente (2013:1–9)
  6. Corriente (2013:7)
  7. Corriente (2013:9–36)
  8. [p] was at the very least, a marginal phoneme, but a phoneme nonetheless. /p/ "behaved most of the time as an “emphaticised” phoneme, resistant to imālah or palatalisation" thus possibly being pronounced as [pˤ].[9]
  9. [t͡ʃ] was a marginal phoneme used mainly in Romance loanwords. In the Granadan dialect, /t͡ʃ/ represented the evolution of the cluster /st/. In lower registers, [t͡ʃ] was occasionally an allophone of /d͡ʒ/ in word-final position by speakers of Hispanic origin.[10]
  10. The standard pronunciation of ق was most likely [q]. Though it merged with [k] in at least some words.[11]
  11. [ʔ] only survived in word-initial position, while turning into [j] or [w] intravocalically, or sometimes in other positions. Rarely, [ʔ] would turn into [ʕ]. In most other instances, [ʔ] would cause an adjacent vowel to be stressed or would disappear altogether, leaving no trace.[12]
  12. ج was variously realized as [d͡ʒ] or [ʒ][13]
  13. ق had an alternate and substandard pronunciation of [g] amongst speakers of Hispanic origin, especially bilingual Romance speakers. ج was also alternatively pronounced as [g] by some speakers, although this was marginal.[14]
  14. Under Berber and Romance influence, [b] would sometimes turn into a bilabial spirant (fricative) [β], especially intravocalically. This fricative could turn into [f] via devoicing, thus presumably being realized as [v] before devoicing took place. Sometimes, it further evolved into [w]. Either way, a voiced bilabial or labiodental fricative was "substandard and repressed".[15]
  15. By the time of the Cordoban Caliphate, [dˤ] and [ðˤ] had merged. Thus, ض and ظ would have been pronounced the same.[16]
  16. Velarized in at least the word Allah, as in most Arabic dialects.[17]
  17. ر was realized as either a trill or a tap.[18]
  18. Contrasting pairs of words differing only by a plain or an emphatic pronunciation of their respective are found.[19]
  19. Corriente (2013:12–14)
  20. Corriente (2013:28–29)
  21. Corriente (2013:30–31)
  22. Corriente (2013:34–36)
  23. Corriente (2013:23)
  24. Corriente (2013:27–28, 30)
  25. Corriente (2013:10–11)
  26. Corriente (2013:23–24)
  27. Corriente (2013:21)
  28. Corriente (2013:19)
  29. Corriente (2013:20)
  30. Corriente (2013:5–6, 7–9)
  31. Corriente (2013:2)
  32. Corriente (2013:4–5)
  33. The conditional "law" (لَو) is the source of the modern Spanish Ojalá, (law sha Allah; لَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ).
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