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HandWiki. Comparison of Version Control Software. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28442 (accessed on 22 September 2026).
HandWiki. Comparison of Version Control Software. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28442. Accessed September 22, 2026.
HandWiki. "Comparison of Version Control Software" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28442 (accessed September 22, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 08). Comparison of Version Control Software. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28442
HandWiki. "Comparison of Version Control Software." Encyclopedia. Web. 08 October, 2022.
Comparison of Version Control Software
Edit

The following is a comparison of version control software. The following tables include general and technical information on notable version control and software configuration management (SCM) software. For SCM software not suitable for source code, see Comparison of open source configuration management software.

configuration management open source scm

References

  1. In ClearCase, a trigger may be set to allow for the lock model, and this is done at many sites. However, ClearCase development usually takes place on private branches where each developer is given their own branch, so the lock vs. merge concurrency model doesn't matter as much. Code is merged back to the main branch once the developer is ready to deliver their code to the project.
  2. "CVS team member list", Non-GNU Savannah, The GNU Project, http://savannah.nongnu.org/project/memberlist.php?detailed=1&group=cvs 
  3. CVS Pro, March Hare, http://march-hare.com/cvspro/ 
  4. Computer Associates, http://www.ca.com/ 
  5. "How To Buy". https://www.perforce.com/how-buy. Retrieved 2018-01-18. 
  6. Licesing and pricing, PlasticSCM, http://www.plasticscm.com/buy.aspx 
  7. Various forks of the original Unix sources exist, only one of which is actively maintained
  8. While it is possible for multiple users to edit the same version of a file concurrently, only one of them can write back the changes.
  9. While some forks of SCCS are free software, others remain closed as parts of commercial Unix distributions.
  10. Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ 
  11. SVK allows Subversion to have Distributed branches.
  12. In Subversion, a file attribute enables the lock model on per-file basis. This file attribute can be set automatically using file name wildcard expressions.
  13. Rational Synergy, IBM, http://www.ibm.com/software/awdtools/synergy 
  14. Vesta Configuration Management System, Sourceforge, http://sourceforge.net/projects/vesta 
  15. Vesta Configuration Management System, Vesta, http://www.vestasys.org 
  16. Bazaar's critical modules are written in Pyrex. They are automatically translated to pure C; except for the patience sorting module, used in merge resolution, which is written directly in the C language.
  17. A Bazaar bundle is a summary diff, with sufficient extra information to preserve history.
  18. IBM – Rational ClearCase – United States, http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/clearcase 
  19. "Changesets". March Hare Software Ltd.. http://march-hare.com/cvsnt/features/changesets/. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  20. Snapshots with binary files. It's discussed to have binary changesets in future (darcs 3)
  21. Fossil Technical Overview, http://fossil-scm.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/tech_overview.wiki 
  22. Fossil Hash Policy, http://fossil-scm.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/hashpolicy.wiki 
  23. 4 MB of which are sqlite3.c
  24. Git Server Protocol, http://www.samba.org/~jelmer/dulwich/docs/protocol.html 
  25. https://github.com/git/git
  26. Mercurial revision numbers are local to a repository; they can differ from repository to repository depending on in which order merges are performed.
  27. A Monotone's revisions represent changesets and its manifests represent snapshots, each revision is linked to some manifest. But manifests are legacy constructs, they aren't kept in the database anymore and reconstructed on the fly if needed. The real work now happen in rosters which are hybrid snapshot/changeset structures.
  28. Veracity revision numbers are local to a repository; they can differ from repository to repository depending on in which order merges are performed.
  29. Evil twins are common.Evil Twins in SCM, Not Hollywood http://accurev.com/blog/2008/01/24/evil-twins-in-scm-not-hollywood/
  30. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-11-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20111113040629/http://www.accurev.com/download/docs/5.3.0_books/AccuRev_5_3_0_Install_Release_Notes.pdf. Retrieved 2012-01-12. 
  31. "SCM News – Kronos Turns to AccuRev for Software Configuration Management". AccuRev. 2004-04-26. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140202091954/http://www.accurev.com/press-releases/20040426-AccuRev-Kronos.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  32. "Enhanced Performance and Scalability for Cross-Platform Geographically Distributed Teams". AccuRev. 2008-09-23. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140202092247/http://www.accurev.com/press-releases/092308-avid-selects-accurev.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  33. "EOL conversions are supported since bzr 1.14". Doc.bazaar-vcs.org. http://doc.bazaar-vcs.org/bzr.1.14/en/release-notes/NEWS.html#bzr-1-14. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  34. Atomic commit can be enabled for individual checkin's ClearCase 7.1.1 release notes. https://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/cchelp/v7r1m0/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.rational.clearcase.relnotes.doc/topics/c_cc_relnotes_features.htm
  35. Support Policy for National Languages and ClearCase from IBM Support http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21229688
  36. See FAQ http://darcs.net/FAQ#can-darcs-handle-symlinks
  37. darcs' patches each bear a unique identifier, impossible to merge twice the same patch in a repository (without destructively modifying history using "unsafe" commands).
  38. Although it stores (and shows by default) 8-bit filename. See FAQ http://darcs.net/FAQ#can-i-version-control-files-with-characters-in-the-full-unicode-spectrum
  39. Using Item Revision Attributes ("Working with Items" demo, covering user define attributes ). http://help.serena.com/doc_center/demos/CM_Essentials_items_1.html
  40. In the sense that its messages and graphic interfaces have English only localization, though the software is certified running fine on various language operating systems.
  41. Controlled by the 'crnl-glob' setting ([1])
  42. Git does not explicitly track renames, because by design it does not track individual files. Renames and split of source files are detected after the fact, if the file content does not change dramatically.
  43. Since git-1.7.9 (see release notes ). Older versions do not sign commits, only tags (see the -s option in git-tag(1) Manual page) http://git.kernel.org/?p=git/git.git;a=blob_plain;f=Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.txt;hb=HEAD
  44. UTF-8 filenames are supported as of version 1.7.10 (MSysGit release notes). https://raw.github.com/msysgit/msysgit/f45b8ee0ef75c03c210a476db9184824ffcb33c1/share/WinGit/ReleaseNotes.rtf
  45. Git has some issues with very large repositories. See Section Better big-file support and Section Designing a faster index format in SoC 2012 Ideas. https://github.com/peff/git/wiki/SoC-2012-Ideas
  46. Integrity enabled change packages provide complete workflow and 21 CFR Part 11 compliant digital signatures against the item controlling the change package.
  47. 2009 SP5 added a feature to merge child development paths.
  48. Mercurial includes internationalization for more than 10 languages as of 2017. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/repo/hg/file/3c3066367d72/i18n
  49. Support depends upon host OS and is well supported under Unix, but not Windows OSs, due to lack of host support. See [2]
  50. With the Largefiles Extension in core since Hg Rev.:2.0 (2011), the remotefilelog extension (2014), the fsmonitor extension in core since Hg Rev.:3.8 (2016) and the experimental sparse extension in core since Hg Rev.:4.3 (2017). https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/LargefilesExtension
  51. It could be done via user level hooks
  52. [3] from the Perforce User's Guide
  53. [4] from the Perforce User's Guide
  54. Perforce will version-control symbolic links themselves, but will not recognise its own version-controlled views (local file trees), if you access them via symbolic links.
  55. "Perforce Public Knowledge Base – Home". Perforce.com. http://www.perforce.com/perforce/technotes/note009.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  56. "Perforce Knowledge Base: Internationalization and Localization". Kb.perforce.com. 2010-10-21. http://kb.perforce.com/?article=66. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  57. "Perforce Knowledge Base: Internationalization and Localization". Kb.perforce.com. 2010-10-21. http://kb.perforce.com/article/66/internationalization-and-localization#i18n. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  58. Through the process behaviour components: Operation advisors and Operation participants. http://jazz.net/library/article/292
  59. While the source code of SCCS has been written to support internationalisation, only English message texts exist.
  60. StarTeam supports atomic commits as of version 2006
  61. Subversion can move a file and conserve its history, if and only if the target of the move is in the same Subversion repository as the source. Cross-repository moves require third-party tools such as svk.
  62. Since SVN 1.8 subversion supports improved move-tracking on the client side. On the server-side it's not supported yet.
  63. "Changeset Signing". Apache Subversion Mailing Lists. http://svn.haxx.se/dev/archive-2015-06/0052.shtml. Retrieved 2016-08-05. 
  64. provides merge tracking for older versions." id="ref_64">New to SVN 1.5 . A separate tool "svnmerge" provides merge tracking for older versions.
  65. In Subversion, tags are a special case of the more generic "cheap copy" concept of Subversion. Per convention, a tag is a copy into a directory named "tags". Because of this, even tags are versioned. See http://svnbook.red-bean.com/nightly/en/svn.branchmerge.tags.html for more information. The reason for partial support in the table is because Subversion's emulation of tags in this manner does not meet the requirement that the tag name can be used in place of any revision identifier wherever the user may be required to enter one. This column would be meaningless if the definition were to be loosened enough to encompass Subversion's approach as every version control system supports branching and would therefore support tags as well.
  66. [5] – Seapine Software Releases Surround SCM 2009
  67. Uses subversion server
  68. Signature – SVK Wiki http://svk.bestpractical.com/view/Signature
  69. in Asian releases (v6.6a to v7.1a) and since version 7.2 in general
  70. Version change history is removed upon rename; old name not referenced.
  71. "GitCentric | AccuRevGit for the Enterprise". Accurev.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20121017043025/http://www.accurev.com/kando. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  72. "Bazaar keywords plugin". Wiki.bazaar.canonical.com. 2005-09-05. http://wiki.bazaar.canonical.com/KeywordExpansion. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  73. "Bazaar interactive plugin". Launchpad.net. https://launchpad.net/bzr-interactive. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  74. "Bazaar Externals plugin". Launchpad.net. http://launchpad.net/bzr-externals. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  75. not implemented yet https://bugs.launchpad.net/bzr/+bug/245170
  76. "Ignore merge operation for given extension". https://answers.launchpad.net/bzr/+question/103163. 
  77. "bzr-svn". Launchpad.net. http://launchpad.net/bzr-svn. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  78. "bzr-git". Launchpad.net. http://launchpad.net/bzr-git. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  79. "bzr-hg". Launchpad.net. http://launchpad.net/bzr-hg. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  80. IBM Rational ClearCase: The ten best triggers from IBM DeveloperWorks http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/4311.html#N10496
  81. Can not be disabled in dynamic views.
  82. Using alias of the CVSROOT/modules file.
  83. CVS records executable bit when a file is added, but does not allow changing it later on.
  84. This is a GUI feature supported by TortoiseCVS and WinCVS both of which include/use CVSNT.
  85. Same as CVS, plus also the ability to have replicated repositories including 'shadow' repositories.
  86. Use the module/directory name or an alias created using CVSROOT/modules or CVSROOT/modules2 administration file.
  87. CVSNT supports this when the make/build tool used also supports it.
  88. Darcs can do sparse checkouts from explicit checkpoints on darcs-1 repositories, but not from darcs-2 ones
  89. Darcs can automatically detect #! scripts and make them executable on checkout.
  90. Using Sub Project functionality (Documentation Portfolio | User's Guide | Relating a Project or Stream to Other Objects). http://help.serena.com/doc_center/doc_center.html#dcm
  91. Checkouts can be nested with "fossil open --nested"
  92. The manifest, Fossil file formats http://www.fossil-scm.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/fileformat.wiki#manifest
  93. "Fossil import and export". Fossil-scm.org. 2014-01-22. http://www.fossil-scm.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/inout.wiki. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  94. The Git FAQ states that keyword expansion is not a good thing https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/GitFaq#Does_Git_have_keyword_expansion.3F
  95. add -i and add -p, see git-add(1) Manual Page http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-add.html
  96. "git-submodule(1) Manual Page". Kernel.org. 2013-02-15. http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-submodule.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  97. "git-read-tree(1) Manual Page". kernel.org. 2014-08-24. http://git-scm.com/docs/git-read-tree#_sparse_checkout. Retrieved 2014-10-24. 
  98. The Git FAQ explains why preserving modification time is considered harmful https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/GitFaq#Why_isn.27t_Git_preserving_modification_time_on_files.3F
  99. "Mercurial KeywordExtension page". Mercurial-scm.org. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/KeywordExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  100. "Mercurial RecordExtension page". Mercurial-scm.org. 2013-08-27. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/RecordExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  101. "Subrepository – Mercurial". Mercurial-scm.org. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/Subrepository?action=show&redirect=Subrepositories. Retrieved 2016-04-22. 
  102. With the sparse extension included in core since Hg Rev.:4.3. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/Release4.3
  103. "Mercurial Timestamp Extension". Mercurial-scm.org. 2012-04-24. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/TimestampExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  104. "Merge Tool Configuration". Mercurial-scm.org. 2017-03-14. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/MergeToolConfiguration. Retrieved 2017-09-05. 
  105. "hgsubversion page". Mercurial-scm.org. 2013-08-28. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/HgSubversion. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  106. "Hg-Git Mercurial Plugin". Hg-git.github.com. https://hg-git.github.com/. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  107. "Mercurial ConvertExtension page". Mercurial-scm.org. 2013-11-29. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/ConvertExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  108. "P4 User's Guide". Perforce. https://www.perforce.com/perforce/doc.current/manuals/p4guide/. Retrieved 19 January 2018. 
  109. Configurable on server as a Project Option and on the client as a User Option.
  110. commit --interactive, see SVK::Command::Commit http://search.cpan.org/dist/SVK/lib/SVK/Command/Commit.pm
  111. "Keyword Substitution". Svnbook.red-bean.com. http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.4/svn.advanced.props.special.keywords.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  112. Through third-party tools such as Tortoise SVN.
  113. "Externals Definitions". Svnbook.red-bean.com. http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.0/ch07s03.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  114. SVN can not preserve file modification times. On request by the client, it can restore check-in time as last-modified time. Disabled by default.
  115. MIME type of the file must be detected as a "human-readable" MIME type, even if the merge tool can work with non-human-readable files
  116. Standalone Branch, http://wiki.bazaar.canonical.com/StandaloneBranch 
  117. Shared Repository, http://wiki.bazaar.canonical.com/SharedRepository 
  118. Standalone Branch, http://wiki.bazaar.canonical.com/StandaloneBranch 
  119. Heavyweight Checkout and Lightweight Checkout, http://wiki.bazaar.canonical.com/Checkout 
  120. rebase plugin
  121. darcs's default pull command is interactive, allowing the user to choose which patches to apply (merge) in realtime
  122. darcs doesn't have named branches, local or not, branching is handled solely through repository cloning
  123. darcs send prepares a bundle of patches, defaults to sending it by mail but can send it to a file instead
  124. copies are detected after the fact, much like renames
  125. Mercurial Bookmarks are similar to local branches. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/Bookmarks
  126. "Mercurial Rebase Extension". Mercurial-scm.org. 2012-10-25. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/RebaseExtension. Retrieved 2014-04-23. 
  127. Through any of various means, place (to-be-immutable) file in an immutable directory prior to vcheckin.
  128. mv(1) or link(2) the immutable file from its origin immutable directory to its destination immutable directory prior to vcheckin.
  129. Through any of various means, copy the immutable file from its origin immutable directory to its destination immutable directory prior to vcheckin.
  130. One can also enable this as a central preference in the repository server control panel or configuration file.
  131. Requires administrator privileges. One can 'roll back' a change using 'cvs update –e –j @commitid –j "@
  132. yes – use TortoiseCVS or WinCVS to commit the change to the destination and select which specific files to keep
  133. bisect is also available for cvs which should work with CVSNT
  134. "bug 6463 – enh: search repository". http://customer.march-hare.com/webtools/bugzilla/ttshow_bug.cgi?id=6463&tt=1. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  135. darcs operate on patches not revision, cherrypicking simply consists in pulling a given patch from one repository to another one as long as the dependencies are fulfilled
  136. fossil stash supports multiple shelves with comments.
  137. git stash is a multi-level shelve, it's possible to shelve several change groups at the same time
  138. "Mercurial Shelve extension page". Mercurial-scm.org. 2013-11-07. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/ShelveExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  139. "Mercurial Strip extension page". Mercurial-scm.org. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/StripExtension. Retrieved 11 May 2016. 
  140. "graft -core command (since Hg Rev.2.0)". Selenic.com. http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/hg.1.html#graft. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  141. "Mercurial Transplant extension page". Mercurial-scm.org. 2012-05-12. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/TransplantExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  142. "Mercurial Record extension page". Mercurial-scm.org. 2013-08-27. https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/RecordExtension. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  143. Only works on a local repository and only on revisions without children. The disapprove command might be an alternative.
  144. "The Perforce Broker". Perforce.com. http://www.perforce.com/perforce/r10.2/manuals/p4sag/11_broker.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  145. "Perforce Knowledge Base: "Cherry Picking" Integrations". Kb.perforce.com. 1990-01-01. http://kb.perforce.com/article/567/. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  146. svk status lists differences between working copy and repository, not differences between two repositories
  147. experimental in SVN 1.10 (release notes) https://subversion.apache.org/docs/release-notes/1.10#shelving
  148. SVN Bisect tool svn-bisect http://search.cpan.org/dist/App-SVN-Bisect/bin/svn-bisect
  149. svn status lists differences between working copy and repository, not differences between two repositories
  150. locks are advisory, and can't be enforced on disconnected instances
  151. "Supported Integrations — PTC Integrity". Mks.com. 2012-09-10. Archived from the original on 2012-07-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20120725110643/http://www.mks.com/customer-service/supported-versions-platforms-integrations/supported-integrations. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  152. hgweb for single-repository access and hgwebdir for multiple repository access from a single HTTP address
  153. La Chose : web agency and software maker – agence web et développement de logiciels http://www.lachoseinteractive.net/en/community/subversion/svnx/features/
  154. "When SCM meets Web 2.0 – Cool Widget at Orbitz | Software Configuration Management and Agile Software Development". Accurev.com. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140202000408/http://accurev.com/blog/2008/04/17/when-scm-meets-web-20-cool-widget-at-orbitz/. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  155. "McAfee Web Services Team Saves $500,000 per Year by Adopting". AccuRev. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140202092131/http://www.accurev.com/accurev-mcafee-success-story.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  156. "SanDisk Gains a Competitive Advantage Using AccuRev SCM Software". AccuRev. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140202091934/http://www.accurev.com/accurev_sandisk_scm_solution.htm. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  157. "Symantec Achieves Significant Gains by Moving to". AccuRev. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20140202091758/http://www.accurev.com/accurev-symantec-scm-solution.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  158. "Webinar – How Verizon Wireless Overcame Obstacles to Deliver Software More Quickly". Accurev.com. 2011-06-01. Archived from the original on 2012-11-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20121120173624/http://www.accurev.com/virtualbooth/20110525-verizon-wireless/Verizon052011swf.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  159. "WhoUsesBzr - wiki.bazaar.canonical.com". Bazaar-vcs.org. 2005-09-21. http://bazaar-vcs.org/WhoUsesBzr. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
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  163. "Combining a tag which contains all files with a tag which only contains a subset". http://www.cvsnt.org/pipermail/cvsnt/2007-August/029459.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  164. "Can no no longer connect to CVSNT from unix clients". http://www.cvsnt.org/pipermail/cvsnt/2007-September/029581.html. 
  165. "gserver client errors". http://www.cvsnt.org/pipermail/cvsnt/2009-June/032250.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  166. Serena Software Customers. http://www.serena.com/index.php/en/company/customers/
  167. Towards A Better SCM: Revlogs and Mercurial, presented by Matt Mackall to the Ottawa Linux Symposium, July 2006 https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/Presentations?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=ols-mercurial.pdf
  168. "Getting and Working With the Perl Source". dev.perl.org. http://dev.perl.org/perl5/source.html. Retrieved 2014-01-26. 
  169. "Git". MediaWiki. http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Git. Retrieved 1 August 2012. 
  170. "The largest Git repo on the planet". May 24, 2017. https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/bharry/2017/05/24/the-largest-git-repo-on-the-planet/. 
  171. IC Manage: Industrial Strength Data Management http://icmanage.com/customer.html
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  175. "Facebook for Developers (video of presentation)". Facebook.com. 2015-03-27. https://www.facebook.com/FacebookforDevelopers/videos/10152800517193553/. Retrieved 2017-09-05. 
  176. "Getting the I2P code". https://geti2p.net/en/get-involved/guides/new-developers#getting-the-i2p-code. Retrieved 2014-07-03. 
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  178. "ProjectsUsingMonotone". 2011-02-06. http://wiki.monotone.ca/ProjectsUsingMonotone/. Retrieved 2014-07-03. 
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