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HandWiki. Extreme Points of Earth. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28154 (accessed on 22 September 2026).
HandWiki. Extreme Points of Earth. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28154. Accessed September 22, 2026.
HandWiki. "Extreme Points of Earth" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28154 (accessed September 22, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, September 30). Extreme Points of Earth. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/28154
HandWiki. "Extreme Points of Earth." Encyclopedia. Web. 30 September, 2022.
Extreme Points of Earth
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Earth:Extreme_points_of_Earth

This is a list of extreme points of Earth, the geographical locations that are farther north or south than, higher or lower in elevation than, or farthest inland or out to sea from, any other locations on the landmasses, continents or countries. For other lists of extreme points on Earth, including places that hold temperature and weather records, see Extremes on Earth, Lists of extreme points, and List of weather records.

geographical locations extreme points elevation

References

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  2. "Bay of Whales - former bay, Antarctica". Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/place/Bay-of-Whales. 
  3. A 1995 realignment of the International Date Line moved all of Kiribati to the Asian side of the Date Line, causing Caroline Island to be the easternmost. However, if the previous Date Line were followed, the easternmost point would be Tafahi Niuatoputapu, in the Tonga Islands chain. http://www.trussel.com/kir/dateline.htm
  4. "Highest Mountain in the World". geology.com. http://geology.com/records/highest-mountain-in-the-world.shtml. 
  5. The elevation given here was established by a GPS survey in February 2016. The survey was carried out by a team from the French Research Institute for Development, working in cooperation with the Ecuadorian Military Geographic Institute.[4]
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  7. McIntyre, Loren (April 1987). "The High Andes". National Geographic (National Geographic Society) 171 (4): 422–460.  (includes description and photos of Aucanquilcha summit road and mine)
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  10. Bennett, Suzy (October 2003). "Destination Guides – World's highest railway, Peru – Wanderlust Travel Magazine". Wanderlust Magazine. http://www.wanderlust.co.uk/magazine/articles/destinations/a-train-journey-through-the-peruvian-andes. Retrieved 10 October 2008. 
  11. Ben Blanchard (16 September 2013). "China opens world's highest civilian airport". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/16/us-china-airport-idUSBRE98F0AG20130916. Retrieved 16 September 2013. 
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  13. "Carrel refuge.". summitpost.org. http://www.summitpost.org/carrel-refuge/578539. 
  14. "Andes Website – Information about Ojos del Salado volcano, a high mountain in South America and the world's highest volcano". http://www.andes.org.uk/peak-info-6000/ojos-del-salado-info.asp. Retrieved 18 January 2013. 
  15. "The Highest Lake in the World". http://www.highestlake.com/highest-lake-world.html#Lhagba. Retrieved 7 September 2007. 
  16. "ASTER measurement of supraglacial lakes in the Mount Everest region of the Himalaya: The main Khumbu Glacier is about 17 km long with elevations ranging from 4900m at the terminus to 7600m at the source....The 7600m to 8000m elevations are also depicted on numerous detailed topographic maps". http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2002/00000034/00000001/art00060?crawler=true. Retrieved 24 November 2008. 
  17. "The Mystery of World's highest river and largest Canyon". Archived from the original on 21 September 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070921032822/http://www.100gogo.com/bigben.htm. Retrieved 7 September 2007. 
  18. "Island Superlatives". http://www.worldislandinfo.com/SUPERLATIVESV2.html. Retrieved 7 September 2007. 
  19. "TauTona, Anglo Gold – Mining Technology". SPG Media Group PLC. 1 January 2009. http://www.mining-technology.com/projects/tautona_goldmine/. Retrieved 2 March 2009. 
  20. "Transocean's Ultra-Deepwater Semisubmersible Rig Deepwater Horizon Drills World's Deepest Oil and Gas Well". Transocean. Archived from the original on 26 April 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100426171257/http://www.deepwater.com/fw/main/IDeepwater-Horizon-i-Drills-Worlds-Deepest-Oil-and-Gas-Well-419C151.html. Retrieved 7 June 2010. 
  21. "Challenger Deep – the Mariana Trench". http://www.rain.org/ocean/ocean-studies-challenger-deep-mariana-trench.html. Retrieved 30 July 2012. 
  22. "Deepest Submarine Dive in History, Five Deeps Expedition Conquers Challenger Deep". fivedeeps.com. https://fivedeeps.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/FDE-Challenger-Release-FINAL-5132019.pdf. Retrieved May 13, 2019. 
  23. Klimchouck, Alexander. "The deepest cave in the world (Krubera Cave) became 6 m deeper". speleogenesis.info.. http://www.speleogenesis.info/news/?id=213. Retrieved 10 August 2013. 
  24. Jonathan Amos (December 12, 2019). "Denman Glacier: Deepest point on land found in Antarctica". BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-50753113. 
  25. Mathieu Morlighem; Eric Rignot; Tobias Binder; Donald Blankenship; Reinhard Drews; Graeme Eagles; Olaf Eisen; Fausto Ferraccioli et al. (2019-12-12). "Deep glacial troughs and stabilizing ridges unveiled beneath the margins of the Antarctic ice sheet". Nature Geoscience 13 (2): 132–137. doi:10.1038/s41561-019-0510-8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0510-8. Retrieved 2019-12-13. 
  26. Connolly, Kevin (17 June 2016). "Dead Sea drying: A new low-point for Earth". BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36477284. 
  27. Garcia-Castellanos, Daniel; Lombardo, Umberto (2007). "Poles of Inaccessibility: A Calculation Algorithm for the Remotest Places on Earth". Scottish Geographical Journal (Informa UK) 123 (3): 227–233. doi:10.1080/14702540801897809. ISSN 1470-2541. http://cuba.ija.csic.es/~danielgc/papers/Garcia-Castellanos,%20Lombardo,%202007,%20SGJ.pdf. 
  28. Centre of Australia, States and Territories , Geoscience Australia http://www.ga.gov.au/education/facts/dimensions/centre.htm
  29. "Where is Point Nemo?". NOAA. http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nemo.html. Retrieved 20 February 2015. 
  30. Draft Logic – Google Maps Distance Calculator, accessed 4 September 2011 http://www.daftlogic.com/projects-google-maps-distance-calculator.htm
  31. "Flight Distance from Perth, Australia to Adelaide, Australia". travelmath.com. http://www.travelmath.com/flying-distance/from/Perth,+Australia/to/Adelaide,+Australia. 
  32. "The Most Isolated Cities of the World". cityextremes.com. http://cityextremes.com/isolated.php. 
  33. "Great Circle Mapper". gcmap.com. http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=IPC-SCL%2CIPC-GMR%2CNZWD-NZSP&DU=km. 
  34. "Discover The Furthest City On Earth From Wherever You Live". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/. 
  35. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Rosario, Argentina?". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=ROSARIO_ARGENTINA. 
  36. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Liu'an, Anhui, China?". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=LIUAN_ANHUI_CHINA. 
  37. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Cuenca, Ecuador?". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=CUENCA_ECUADOR. 
  38. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Rancagua, Chile?". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=RANCAGUA_CHILE. 
  39. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Yantai, Shandong, China?". http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=YANTAI_SHANDONG_CHINA. 
  40. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Salamanca, Spain?". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=SALAMANCA_SPAIN. 
  41. "What's the Farthest City and Country from Marbella, Spain?". furthestcity.com. http://furthestcity.com/city.php?ID=MARBELLA_SPAIN. 
  42. Great Circle Mapper Access date: 2020-06-11 http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=plm-nva&PC=%23ff0000&RC=%23000080&DU=nm&SU=kts
  43. MIT Technology Review – Computer scientists have found the longest straight line you could sail without hitting land https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611012/computer-scientists-have-found-the-longest-straight-line-you-could-sail-without-hitting/
  44. (Map from gcmap) http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=5%B02%26%238242%3B51.59%26%238243%3BN+9%B07%26%238242%3B23.26%26%238243%3BW+-+28%B017%26%238242%3B7.68%26%238243%3BN+121%B038%26%238242%3B17.31%26%238243%3BE%0D%0A&MS=bm&DU=mi
  45. (Map from gcmap) http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=25%B025%27N+66%B025%27E+-+59%B038%27S+16%B036%27W+-+25%B025%27S+113%B035%27W+-+59%B038%27N+163%B024%27E%0D%0A
  46. Chabukswar, Rohan; Mukherjee, Kushal (2018-04-09). Longest Straight Line Paths on Water or Land on the Earth. Bibcode: 2018arXiv180407389C.  http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018arXiv180407389C
  47. David Shultz (2018-04-30). "This ocean path will take you on the longest straight-line journey on Earth". Science Magazine. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/04/ocean-path-will-take-you-longest-straight-line-journey-earth. 
  48. (Map from gcmap) http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=25%B035%27N+58%B022%27E+-+17%B057%27S+78%B003%27E+-+25%B035%27S+121%B038%27W+-+17%B057%27N+101%B057%27W
  49. (Map from gcmap) http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=46%B037%27S+168%B059%27E+-+52%B009%27S+173%B026%27E+-+46%B037%27N+11%B001%27W+-+52%B009%27N+6%B034%27W%0D%0A
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