The detection of infectious viruses from wastewater is not a novel approach; this technique has been applied to trace sources of contamination and to estimate disease status in the community
[19][20]. The evaluation of wastewater may provide an effective means of predicts of the potential spread of the virus. Moreover, interpretation of positivity for COVID-19 from wastewater sample is still challenging. It is more appropriate to correlate the findings with clinically confirmed cases from the same site to generate valuable information
[21]. Because of this, many researchers have already applied WBE to identify the early stages of viral infection in communities, enabling public health authorities to implement effective intervention as early as possible, such as restricting the movements of the local population. Various studies have been performed to quantify as well as identify prevalent waterborne pathogens that can cause gastroenteritis from the environmental samples
[19][20][21][22]. Millions of copies of viruses are excreted from the infected patient; thus, to determine the possible incidence of disease, viruses are also assessed from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater currently consists of concentration methods, such as electronegative membrane adsorption-direct RNA extraction, ultrafiltration, polyethylene glycol precipitation, and ultracentrifugation, followed by RT-qPCR, such as N_Sarbeco, NIID_2019-nCOV, and CDC N1, N2, and N3 assays
[23][24][25][26][27][28]. Moreover, studies have been conducted to find the most suitable concentration and detection methods for the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater
[24][29][30][31].